The growth factors, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) play major roles in enhanced smooth muscle cells growth in rodent blood vessels after vascular injury. Tyrosine kinase inhibition has been shown to be effective in blocking tyrosine phosphorylation at the PDGF and bFGF receptors in cultured fibroblast and vascular smooth muscle cells which in turn inhibits their proliferation[1]. CGP 53716 is a specific PDGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor on SMC (smooth muscle cell) proliferation and migration in vitro and in neointimal formationin vivo[3]. CGP 53716 inhibited serum-induced cell growth in RASMC (rat aortic smooth muscle cells). And it completely blocked PDGF-BB tyrosine receptor autophosphorylation in RASMC and 3T3 cells, PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase at 1 μM in RASMC and inhibited PDGF-BB-induced c-Fos protein expression at 1 μM in RASMC; consistent with inhibition of PDGF-BB-induced DNA synthesis. Further, CGP 53716 inhibited PDGF-BB-, bFGF- and EGF-induced DNA synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner in each cell line. And it showed a 2- to 4-fold selectivity for PDGF-BB-stimulated DNA synthesis over bFGF or EGF in RASMC or 3T3 cells[1]. CGP 53716 inhibited dose dependently tyrosine phosphorylation of both the known PDGFRs: the PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β. After rat carotid artery ballooning injuryin vivo, the migration of alpha-actin-positive cells on the luminal side of internal elastic lamina was decreased with 50 mg/kg/day of CGP 53716 from 38 ± 10 (control group) to 4 ± 2. Intima/media ratio was inhibited by 40% after 14 days in the CGP 53716-treated group (P=0.028) after rat aortic denudation[3].
CGP-53437 is a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor, also potently inhibiting major aspartyl peptidase 1 (May1), a secreted Cryptococcus neoformans protease.
Cyclic-di-GMP is a STING agonist and ubiquitous second messenger, which regulates the formation, motility and virulence of biofilms in various bacterial species.
Imatinib D4 is a deuterium-labeled Imatinib. Imatinib is an orally bioavailable tyrosine kinases inhibitor that selectively inhibits BCR/ABL, PDGFR, v-Abl, and c-kit kinase activity.
(R)-3-Hydroxy Midostaurin is a potent inhibitor of kinases,is a major metabolite of midostaurin undergoing by the hepatic CYP3A4 enzyme,has the potential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
3-Hydroxy Midostaurin (CGP 52421), a metabolite of PKC412, effectively inhibits FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) autophosphorylation with IC50s of approximately 132 nM and 9.8 μM in culture medium and plasma, respectively. 3-Hydroxy Midostaurin is less selective but more cytotoxic than PKC412[1].
GP531 is a second-generation adenosine regulating agent. It is pharmacologically silent under basal conditions but increases localized endogenous adenosine during ischemia.
Imatinib carbaldehyde (also known as CGP-57148B carbaldehyde) is a compound derived from Imatinib, an inhibitor of the ABL protein. Imatinib carbaldehyde binds to the IAP ligand with the assistance of a linker, resulting in the formation of SNIPER[1].