glucagon-like peptide 1 , human

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37), human, is a highly potent agonist of the GLP-1 receptor and a pancreatic hormone synthesized through post-translational processing of proglucagon. Unlike truncated forms of GLP-1, it has no effect on food intake in rats.

Human glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36)-Lys(Biotin) amide 是一种带有生物素标签的Glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36)，后者为一种具备提升胰岛素释放功能，从而表现出抗糖尿病活性的胃肠道肽。

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37), human acetate 是一种高效的 GLP-1 受体激动剂。

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) (7-36)-Lys (Biotin), amide, human 是一种被 C 端标记的生物素化 GLP-1(7-36) 酰胺。

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37), human (TFA), is a highly potent agonist of the GLP-1 receptor and is a pancreatic hormone synthesized through post-translational processing of proglucagon.

GLP-1R Agonist DMB 是胰高血糖素样肽1受体的激动剂（GLP-1R；重组人受体的 KB＝26.3nM）。

Semaglutide 是人胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂，是一种人胰高血糖素样肽-1 的长效类似物。它有用于 2 型糖尿病研究的潜力。

GLP-1(7-36), amide (MKC 253) 是一种生理性肠降血糖素，能够刺激胰岛素分泌。

GLP-1 amide is a peptide hormone cleaved from proglucagon in the pancreas.1,2 Mice lacking the glucagon receptor (Gcgr- -) have approximately nine-fold higher levels of total GLP-1 amide, including GLP-1 (1-36) amide and truncated GLP-1 (7-36) amide , in pancreatic tissue compared to wild-type mice.2References1. Schjoldager, B.T., Mortensen, P.E., Christiansen, J., et al. GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and truncated GLP-1, fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34(5), 703-708 (1989).2. Gelling, R.W., Du, X.Q., Dichmann, D.S., et al. Lower blood glucose, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic α cell hyperplasia in glucagon receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100(3), 1438-1443 (2003). GLP-1 amide is a peptide hormone cleaved from proglucagon in the pancreas.1,2 Mice lacking the glucagon receptor (Gcgr- -) have approximately nine-fold higher levels of total GLP-1 amide, including GLP-1 (1-36) amide and truncated GLP-1 (7-36) amide , in pancreatic tissue compared to wild-type mice.2 References1. Schjoldager, B.T., Mortensen, P.E., Christiansen, J., et al. GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and truncated GLP-1, fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34(5), 703-708 (1989).2. Gelling, R.W., Du, X.Q., Dichmann, D.S., et al. Lower blood glucose, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic α cell hyperplasia in glucagon receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100(3), 1438-1443 (2003).

GLP-1(7-36), amide acetate（胰高血糖素样肽-1（7-36）酰胺醋酸盐）是GLP-1的衍生物。GLP-1(7-36), amide能够激活GLP-1受体，具有促进胰岛素分泌和抑制胰高血糖素分泌的作用，具有治疗2型糖尿病和肥胖的潜力。

Gulgafafusp alfa 为人源化IgG2κ类抗体，专一性靶向GLP1R（胰高血糖素样肽1受体）。

ECC5004是激活GLP-1R(GLP-1受体)的化学物质。此化合物在HEK293细胞系中（这些细胞表达了人类GLP-1R），能诱导cAMP的积累，其有效浓度中值（EC50）低于20 nM。

PACAP-related peptide (PRP) is an endogenous 29-amino acid peptide that belongs to the secretin/glucagon superfamily of peptides, which includes secretin , glucagon , glucagon-like peptide-1 , GLP-2 , and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide . It is expressed in normal human pancreas and adrenal gland tissue and in some tumors that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). PRP (1-29) is secreted by CHO-K1 cells that express human recombinant preproPACAP.

Skyrin is a fungal metabolite characterized by a bisanthraquinone structure. It interferes with glucagon signaling through adenylate cyclase without binding to the glucagon receptor. At 10 μM, skyrin reduces both glucagon-stimulated cAMP production and glycogenolysis. It does not interfere with epinephrine or glucagon-like peptide 1 effects on these parameters.[1] Reference：[1]. Parker, J.C., McPherson, R.K., Andrews, K.M., et al. Effects of skyrin, a receptor-selective glucagon antagonist, in rat and human hepatocytes. Diabetes 49, 2079-2086 (2012).

GLP-1(9-36)amide TFA, 作为胰高血糖素样肽-1 (7-36)amide的主要代谢产物，是人胰腺GLP-1受体的拮抗剂。

Albiglutide TFA 是一种胰高血糖素样肽GLP-1模拟物，是长效的GLP-1受体激动剂。Albiglutide TFA 可显著降低糖化血红蛋白 (A1C)。Albiglutide TFA 可用于研究 2 型糖尿病 (T2D)。Albiglutide TFA 是由抗DPP-4的GLP-1二聚体与人白蛋白的基因融合产生的。

NVP-DPP728 是一种有效、可逆、腈依赖性二肽基肽酶 IV (DPP-IV)抑制剂，Ki 值为 11 nM。NVP-DPP728 可抑制胰高血糖素样肽-1 (GLP-1)的降解，从而增强响应于葡萄糖摄入的胰岛素释放。NVP-DPP728 可用于糖尿病研究。

Retatrutide (LY3437943) acetate 是一种针对胰高血糖素受体（GCGR）、葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽受体（GIPR）和胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体（GLP-1R）的三重肽激动剂。该化合物能有效抑制这三种受体，其EC50值分别为GCGR 5.79 nM、GIPR 0.0643 nM和GLP-1R 0.775 nM，是肥胖研究领域的潜在工具。

(Ser8)-GLP-1 (7-36) amide, human 为源自胰高血糖素原的胰高血糖素样肽-1酰胺，属于 GLP-1(1-36) 酰胺肽裂解产物。作为肠促胰岛素激素，该化合物促进胰腺 β 细胞在葡萄糖依赖性条件下分泌胰岛素，并对消化道的运动与分泌功能产生影响。

GLP-1(1-36) amide (human, rat)（人类及大鼠的胰高血糖素样肽1（1-36）酰胺）是GLP-1(7-36)酰胺的一种分子变体。该化合物能激发[14C]氨基吡啶在大鼠胃壁细胞的酶分散体中积累。

Tirzepatide 是一种glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) 和 G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119)的激动剂。它在表达人类GLP-1R或GPR119的HEK293细胞中诱导cAMP的产生（EC50s分别为6.54和1.01 nM）。Tirzepatide（100 nM）在表达人类GLP-1R或GPR119的HEK293细胞中诱导受体内化。在体内，Tirzepatide（每天10 nmol/kg）降低高脂饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠模型的体重、食物摄入量、血浆leptin、三酸甘油酯和free fatty acids (FFAs)水平、肝脏三酸甘油酯和血糖水平。它通过每三天给药50 nmol/kg的剂量，阻止A. alternata诱导的A. alternata挑战小鼠的支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞数量的增加。Tirzepatide（每三天50 nmol/kg）抑制由毒蕈碱受体激动剂methacholine (acetyl-β-methylcholine)导致的在糖尿病诱导的哮喘小鼠模型中的支气管收缩。含Tirzepatide的制剂已用于治疗2型糖尿病。

Taspoglutide是一种GLP-1受体激动剂(Taspoglutide, Ki = 1.1 nM for the human receptor)，在表达该受体的CHO-K1细胞中可以诱导cAMP积累(EC50 = 0.06 nM)。在进行口服葡萄糖耐量测试的Zucker糖尿病肥胖大鼠中，每周给予Taspoglutide 1 mg 动物，结果显示其能有效降低血糖和提高胰岛素水平。此外，在相同的动物模型中，Taspoglutide还能降低胃抑制肽(GIP)和甘油三酯的血浆水平，同时减轻体重。

5(S)-HEPE, an active metabolite of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is produced via the action of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). This compound functions as an agonist for G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119), promoting cAMP accumulation in CHO-K1 cells expressing human GPR119 at 10 µM concentration. Additionally, 5(S)-HEPE enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from MING6 insulinoma pancreatic islets and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion from HuTu 80 adenocarcinoma cells at the same concentration. Notably, serum levels of 5(S)-HEPE are increased in hyperlipidemia patients.

GLP-2(1-33) (human) is an enteroendocrine hormone that stimulates intestinal epithelium growth.