gingival

Hexetidine (NSC-17764) 是一种口服活性的抗菌抗真菌试剂，可用于口腔感染的相关研究。

Lipopolysaccharides 是一种脂多糖内毒素及 TLR-4 激活剂，负责激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式 (PAMP) 并诱导细胞分泌迁移体。Lipopolysaccharides 提取自革兰氏阴性菌外膜的外叶，由抗原 O-特异性链、核心寡糖和脂质 A 组成。Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis 是来源于牙龈变形杆菌的内毒素。

Oxodipine 是一种二氢吡啶型钙拮抗剂 ，抑制了KCl 诱导的兔主动脉收缩，降低了效力较低的大鼠心室试纸收缩的心脏力量。在大鼠培养的新生儿心室肌细胞中，Oxodipine 降低了L 型Ca 电流（I），IC 为0.24μM，对T 型Ca 电流（I）的IC 为0.41μM。Oxodipine 会使小鼠便秘和狗牙龈增生。

BLXA-4 is used potentially to treat gingival diseases.

Terrain, also known as NSC 291308, is a fungal metabolite with diverse biological activities. Terrein reduces age-related inflammation induced by oxidative stress through Nrf2 ERK1 2 HO-1 signalling in aged HDF cells. (+)-terrein suppresses interleukin-6

LL-37 is a cationic and α-helical antimicrobial peptide expressed in human bone marrow, testis, granulocytes, and gingival epithelium and is upregulated in psoriatic lesions. It inhibits growth of Gram-positive E. coli D21 and Gram-negative B. megatarium in a concentration-dependent manner and LL-37 expression is induced in A549 epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and monocyte-derived macrophages following M. tuberculosis infection. LL-37 binds sheep erythrocytes coated with S. minnesota Re-LPS and induces agglutination with a minimal agglutinating concentration (MAC) of 12.1 μg/ml. It is a chemoattractant for, and can induce calcium mobilization in, human monocytes, neutrophils, and T cells that naturally express formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) and FPRL1-transfected HEK293 cells. LL-37 (10-15 μM) pretreatment of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) reduces its infectivity as well as levels of viral genomic RNA and NS1 antigen. In vivo, LL-37 inhibits cecal ligation and puncture-induced caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis of peritoneal macrophages, reduces levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and improves survival in polybacterial septic mice.

Succinate succinate receptor antagonist 1 是一种有效的琥珀酸受体拮抗剂。Succinate succinate receptor antagonist 1 中断牙龈组织中的琥珀酸信号，抑制琥珀酸受体 1 (SucnRl Antagonist 1) 的激活，对琥珀酸受体 1的 IC50 值为 20 μΜ。Succinate succinate receptor antagonist 1 可用于治疗牙周病。

Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 是一种具有细胞毒性和基因毒性作用的甲基丙烯酸酯单体。它可增加人牙龈成纤维细胞 (HGF) 内的活性氧 (ROS) 产生，引发 DNA 损伤和细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)，并使细胞周期在 G1 G0 期停滞。

Glycozolidal (Compound 12) 是一种具有抗菌效果的咔唑类生物碱，主要针对牙龈卟啉单胞菌 (P. gingivalis)。它在体外对人牙龈成纤维细胞 (HGFs) 和单核细胞 (U937) 显示出的细胞毒性水平相当，其 IC50 值分别是 120.86 µg mL 和 97.74 µg mL。