Prostaglandin F2β

Prostaglandin F2β (PGF2β) is the 9β-hydroxy stereoisomer of PGF2α. It is much less active than PGF2α in antifertility and bronchoconstrictor activities. PGF2β exhibits bronchodilating activity in guinea pigs and cats and antagonizes the bronchoconstrictor activity of PGF2α.

8-iso Prostaglandin F2β (8-iso PGF2β) is an isomer of PGF2α of non-enzymatic origin. It is one of 64 possible isomers of PGF2α which can be produced by free radical peroxidation of arachidonic acid. 8-iso PGF2β exhibits very weak contraction of human umbilical vein artery and does not promote aggregation of human whole blood. However, 8-iso PGF2β moderately contracts both the canine and porcine pulmonary vein, although the effect is much weaker than that exhibited by other isoprostanes such as 8-iso PGE1, 8-iso PGE2, or 8-iso PGF2α. 8-iso-15-keto PGF2β is a potential metabolite of 8-iso PGF2β via the 15-hydroxy PG dehydrogenase pathway. There are no published reports on the formation or biological activity of 8-iso-15-keto PGF2β.

8-iso Prostaglandin F2β 可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T37165，CAS号为 177020-26-7。

16,16-Dimethyl PGF2β, a metabolically stable analog of PGF2β, mitigates bronchospasm in asthma patients, albeit with lower potency compared to PGE2.

Bimatoprost is the Allergan trade name for 17-phenyl trinor prostaglandin F2α ethyl amide (17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide), an F-series PG analog which has been approved for use as an ocular hypotensive drug. Oxidation of the C-15 hydroxyl group produces 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide. 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide is a potential metabolite of 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide when 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide is administered to intact animals. No pharmacological studies on 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide have been reported.

Isoprostanes are produced by the non-enzymatic, free radical peroxidation of phospholipid-esterified arachidonic acid. They have been used as biomarkers of oxidative stress, but they also have been found to have potent biological activity. ent-8-iso-15(S)-Prostaglandin F2α (ent-8-iso-15(S)-PGF2α) is a potent vasoconstrictor of porcine retinal and brain microvessels with EC50 values of 15 and 24 nM, respectively. This isoprostane is about ten-fold more potent than 8-iso-PGF2α in a whole blood platelet aggregation inhibition assay.

ent-Prostaglandin F2α 是 PGF2α 的对映体，在尿液中可被发现。

13,14-dihydro Prostaglandin F2α (13,14-dihydro PGF2α) is the analog of PGF2α which has no unsaturation in the lower side chain. It causes luteolysis in hamsters with a potency five times higher than PGF2α. The ED50 value for 13,14-dihydro PGF2α as a luteolytic agent in hamsters is 1.5 µg 100 g.[1]

15(S)-15-methyl Prostaglandin F2α (15(S)-15-methyl PGF2α) has been shown to have potent uterine stimulant and abortifacient properties when administered intramuscularly to induce labor. 15(S)-15-methyl PGF2α isopropyl ester is a lipophilic analog of 15(S)-15-methyl PGF2α methyl ester, which may be hydrolyzed in vivo to the fully active free acid.

15(S)-15-methyl Prostaglandin F2α methyl ester 是一种有用的有机化合物，可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T36156，CAS号为 35700-21-1。

8-iso-13,14-dihydro-15-keto Prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α) is a metabolite of the isoprostane, 8-isoprostane (8-iso PGF2α), in rabbits, monkeys and humans. 8-iso PGF2α is a PG-like product of non-specific lipid peroxidation. In both humans and monkeys, exogenously infused 8-isoprostane is converted primarily to metabolites having 2 or 4 carbon atoms removed from the top side chain by β-oxidation. A similar pattern is observed when tritiated 8-isoprostane is infused into rabbits. Early in the infusion (within 10 minutes) 8-iso-13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α was a significant component of the metabolite profile, which was comprised mostly of dinor 8-isoprostane metabolites. 8-iso-13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α weakly inhibits the U-46619 or collagen-induced aggregation of human platelets, although a number of the E-series isoprostanes are much more potent in this assay.

8-iso-15-keto Prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-15-keto PGF2α) is a metabolite of the isoprostane 8-iso PGF2α in rabbits, monkeys, and humans. 8-isoprostane (8-iso PGF2α) is a prostaglandin-like product of non-specific lipid peroxidation. In both humans and monkeys, exogenously infused 8-iso PGF2α is converted primarily to metabolites having 2 or 4 carbon atoms removed from the top side chain by β-oxidation. A similar pattern is observed when tritiated 8-iso PGF2α is infused into rabbits. Early in the infusion (within 1-2 minutes) 8-iso -15-keto PGF2α was a major component of the metabolite profile, which was comprised mostly of unmetabolized 8-iso PGF2α. 8-iso -15-keto PGF2α is a vasoconstrictor when tested on the rat isolated thoracic aorta, acting via the TP (thromboxane) receptor.

11β-Prostaglandin F2α 是一种由 AKR1C3 催化的生物活性代谢物，可刺激前列腺素 F 受体并诱导乳腺癌中的 slug 表达。11β-Prostaglandin F2α 也是存在于尿液中的内源代谢物。

ent-8-iso Prostaglandin F2α 是猪视网膜和脑微血管的强效血管收缩剂，EC50 值分别为 30.6 和 53.5 nM。

8-Isoprostaglandin F2α 是一种天然产物，可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T37164，CAS号为 27415-26-5。

2,3-dinor-11β-Prostaglandin F2α (2,3-dinor-11β-PGF2α) was recovered from the urine of both normal monkeys and humans when infused with radiolabeled PGD2, where it represented approximately 1% and 4% of the infused radiolabeled dose, respectively. 2,3-dinor-11β-PGF2α has also been recovered from the urine of mastocytosis patients, where it is excreted in large amounts. In human asthmatic patients, 2,3-dinor-11β-PGF2α represents about 40% (as determined by GC/MS) of the immunoreactive 11β-PGF2α when measured using 's 11β-PGF2α EIA Kit . The excretion rate for 2,3-dinor-11β-PGF2α is approximately 200-250 ng/24 hours in a normal adult.

Prostaglandin F2α 1,11-lactone (PGF2α 1,11-lactone) 是前列腺素 F2α 的脂溶性前药，可用于治疗青光眼的研究。 Prostaglandin F2α 1,11-lactone 作为抗生育剂具有活性，可大大降低血管活性。

PGF2α 1,15-lactone is a lipid-soluble internal ester of PGF2α. Hydrolysis of the lactone readily produces free PGF2α in plasma. In rhesus monkeys, a total dose of 15 mg of PGF2α 1,15-lactone terminates early pregnancy, whereas PGF2α is ineffective.

Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), acting through the FP receptor, causes smooth muscle contraction and exhibits potent luteolytic activity. 17-trifluoromethylphenyl trinor Prostaglandin F2α (17-trifluoromethylphenyl trinor PGF2α) is an analog of PGF2α that shares the meta-trifluoromethyl group of travoprost with the 17-phenyl trinor modification of latanoprost. It is anticipated to be a potent and selective agonist of the FP receptor, with potential applications in glaucoma and luteolysis. 17-trifluoromethylphenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide is a lipophilic analog of 17-trifluoromethylphenyl trinor PGF2α. Ethyl amides of PGs can serve as prodrugs, as they are hydrolyzed in certain tissues to generate the bioactive free acid.

20-hydroxy Prostaglandin F2α (20-hydroxy PGF2α) is the ω-oxidation product of PGF2α. Cultured type II alveolar cells from pregnant rabbits metabolize exogenous PGF2α via microsomal cytochrome P450 ω-oxidation, producing 20-hydroxy PGF2α and its 15-hydroxy PGDH metabolites. Cells from male rabbits exhibit only the 15-hydroxy PGDH pathway.

17-phenyl trinor Prostaglandin F2α N-ethyl amide (17-phenyl trinor PGF2α) is an F-series prostaglandin analog which has been approved for use as an ocular hypotensive drug, sold under the Allergan trade name 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide. Investigations in our lab have shown that 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α ethyl amide is converted by an amidase enzymatic activity in the human cornea to yield the corresponding free acid, with a conversion rate of about 25 μg cornea 24 hours. The free acid, 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α, is a potent FP receptor agonist. 15(R)-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α is the 15-epi, or unnatural isomer of this active free acid metabolite. It has much diminished FP receptor-mediated activity

Bimatoprost is an F-series prostaglandin (PG) analog which has been approved for use as an ocular hypotensive drug. Oxidation of the C-15 hydroxyl group and amide hydrolysis of Bimatoprost produces 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α. 15-keto-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α is a potential metabolite of bimatoprost when administered to animals. 15-keto PG analogs are potential minor impurities in commercial preparations of their corresponding bulk drug compounds. Although much less potent that the parent compound, 15-keto PGs still retain the ability to produce a small but measurable decrease (1 mm Hg) in the intraocular pressure of normal cynomolgus monkeys when administered at a dose of 1 μg eye. 15-keto Latanoprost (15-keto-17-phenyl-13,14-dihydro trinor PGF2α isopropyl ester) is a miotic in the normal cat eye, causing an 8 mm reduction in pupillary diameter at 5 μg eye. Again, this is not as potent as many other F-type PGs; for example, PGF2α will produce this degree of miosis at a dose of less than 1 μg eye.

The actions of many clinical F-series prostaglandins (PGs), including those used for estrous synchronization and for reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP), are mediated through the PGF2α (FP) receptor. 16-phenoxy tetranor Prostaglandin F2α cyclopropyl methyl amide (16-phenoxy tetranor PGF2α cyclopropyl methyl amide) is an analog of PGF2α containing a 16-phenoxy group on the lower (ω) side chain and a cyclopropyl methyl amide at the C-1 position. There are no published reports on the biological activity of 16-phenoxy tetranor PGF2α cyclopropyl methyl amide.

Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) drives luteolysis and smooth muscle contraction by activating the FP receptor. Stable, lipophilic analogs of PGF2α are used to modulate luteolysis and treat glaucoma. 16-phenoxy tetranor Prostaglandin F2α isopropyl ester (16-phenoxy tetranor PGF2α isopropyl ester) is a lipophilic analog of 16-phenoxy tetranor PGF2α. Isopropyl esters of PGs serve as prodrugs, as they are efficiently hydrolyzed in certain tissues to generate the bioactive free acid.