12-lipoxygenase

ML355 是一种高选择性12-LOX 抑制剂，IC50=0.34 μM，对其他脂氧化酶和环氧化酶有很好的选择性，具有较好的药物动力学特征。

CAY10698 是选择性的12-Lipoxygenase (12-LOX)抑制剂，IC50=5.1 μM。它对 5-LOX、15-LOX-1、15-LOX-2 和 COX-1 2 无活性。

PF-4191834 是 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) 的非铁螯合和非氧化还原抑制剂，IC50 为 229 nM。 PF-4191834 对 5-LOX 的特异性比 12-LOX 和 15-LOX 高约 300 倍，并且对环氧合酶没有活性。 PF-4191834 可用于炎症和疼痛的研究。

ML351 是一种高度特异的15-LOX-1抑制剂，其 IC50=200 nM。它对 T1D 非肥胖糖尿病小鼠模型的血糖异常和β细胞氧化应激有抑制作用。它对相关同工酶 (5-LOX、血小板 12-LOX、15-LOX-2、绵羊 COX-1 和人 COX-2) 表现出良好的选择性(>250倍)。

2-TEDC 是一种有效的脂氧合酶（LOX）抑制剂，对 5-LOX、12-LOX 和 15-LOX 具有抑制作用，IC50 值分别为 0.09 μM、0.013 μM 和 0.5 μM。2-TEDC 可用于研究动脉粥样硬化。

ThioLox 是一种竞争性 15-脂氧合酶-1 (15-LOX-1) 抑制剂(IC50值为12 μM)。ThioLox 显示抗炎和神经保护特性。具有抗炎和神经保护作用，对谷氨酸毒性有很强的保护作用。

12(S)-HEPE is a monohydroxy fatty acid synthesized from EPA by the action of 12-LO. Unstimulated neutrophils metabolize 12(S)-HEPE to 12(S),20-diHEPE, whereas stimulated neutrophils produce 5(S),12(S)-HEPE via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. The competitive action of 12(S)-HEPE with arachidonic acid as a substrate for 5-LO in the formation of leukotrienes may provide a basis for the anti-inflammatory potential of ω-3 fatty acids.

12(S)-HETrE是一种内源性代谢物，由血小板中的12-脂氧合酶（12-LOX）氧化ω-6 PUFA dihomo-γ-linolenic acid(DGLA)产生，作用于Gαs偶联的G蛋白偶联受体，具有抗血栓形成的作用，在心血管疾病具有潜在的治疗作用。12(S)-HETrE 在体外可抑制激动剂介导的血小板活化（IC50 = 40 μM）、α 颗粒分泌、整合素 αⅡbβ3 活化、Rap1 活化和凝血酶诱导的血块回缩。

Baicalein monohydrate is an inhibitor of 12-lipoxygenase, leukotriene biosynthesis and release of lysosomal enzymes. It also inhibits cellular Ca2+ uptake and mobilization and adjuvant-induced arthritis.

Lobaric acid is a depsidone metabolite that has been isolated from Stereocaulon lichen species with antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiviral, and enzyme inhibitory activites. It scavenges superoxide radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 97.9 μmol) and inhibits proliferation in a panel of leukemia, colorectal, gastric, breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, and lung cancer cell lines (EC50s = 15.2-63.9 μg ml). Lobaric acid inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B; IC50 = 0.87 μM for the human recombinant enzyme) and production of 12(S)-HETE (Item No. 34570) by 12(S)-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 28.5 μM). In vivo, lobaric acid (250 μM) decreases lesion number, but not lesion diameter, in tobacco leaves infected with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

12(S)-HpETE（12-羟基二十碳四烯酸）是花生四烯酸在12-脂氧合酶（12-LOX）作用下生成的过氧化代谢产物。​能剂量依赖性地刺激细胞内Ca2+释放（效用低于12-HETE），还能通过其对内皮细胞的作用参与血管张力的调节，诱导血管平滑肌细胞c-Fos和c-Jun蛋白的表达，增加AP-1（ activating protein 1）的活性。

12-oxo-9(Z)-Dodecenoic acid 是一种 ω-oxoacid 和 ω-6 PUFA 亚麻酸及ω-3 PUFA α-亚麻酸的代谢产物。通过植物中的脂氧合酶产生的13-羟基过氧化物中间体，由过氧化物裂解酶形成。12-oxo-9(Z)-Dodecenoic acid (100 µM) 对植物病原真菌 P. parasitica 有活性。

YS121 是微粒体前列腺素 E2 合酶-1 (mPGES-1;IC50=3.4 μM) 和 5-脂氧合酶 (5-LOX;IC50=6.5 μM) 的双重抑制剂。在 IL-1β 刺激的 A549 细胞中，YS121以剂量依赖性地方式减少 PGE2 的产生，EC50为 12 μM。

Isomucronulatol 7-O-beta-glucoside 具有潜在的抗炎活性，在体外对 LPS 刺激产生的 IL-12 p40 表现出微弱的抑制作用。

13-epi-12-oxo Phytodienoic acid (13-epi-12-oxo PDA) is a lipoxygenase metabolite of α-linolenic acid in the leaves of green plants such as corn. ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants are substrates for plant lipoxygenases. 12-oxo PDA is one of the best studied end metabolites of this enzymatic pathway. While the initial enzymatic product and major isomer of 12-oxo PDA contains side chains in the cis position, both being β to the ring, the upper side chain attached at C-13, can and frequently does, isomerize when 12-oxo PDA is extracted, isolated, or stored. 13-epi-12-oxo PDA is the product of this isomerization.

9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHOME is a linoleic acid-derived oxylipin that has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4It has been found in various plants and is produced in human eosinophils in a 15-lipoxygenase-dependent, soluble epoxide hydrolase-independent manner.1,59(S),12(S)13(S)-TriHOME inhibits antigen-induced β-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 mast cells (IC50= 28.7 μg ml).2It inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 microglia (IC50= 40.95 μM).3In vivo, 9(S),12(S),13(S)-TriHOME (1 g animal) enhances the antiviral IgA and IgG antibody responses induced by a nasal influenza hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine by 5.2- and 2-fold, respectively, in mice.4 1.Hamberg, M., and Hamberg, G.Peroxygenase-catalyzed fatty acid epoxidation in cereal seeds: Sequential oxidation of linoleic acid into 9(S),12(S),13(S)-trihydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acidPlant Physiol.110(3)807-815(1996) 2.Hong, S.S., and Oh, J.S.Inhibitors of antigen-induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells isolated from wheat branJ. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem.5569-74(2012) 3.Kim, C.S., Kwon, O.W., Kim, S.Y., et al.Five new oxylipins from Chaenomeles sinensisLipids49(11)1151-1159(2014) 4.Shirahata, T., Sunazuka, T., Yoshida, K., et al.Total synthesis, elucidation of absolute stereochemistry, and adjuvant activity of trihydroxy fatty acidsTetrahedron62(40)9483-9496(2006) 5.Fuchs, D., Tang, X., Johnsson, A.-K., et al.Eosinophils synthesize trihydroxyoctadecenoic acids (TriHOMEs) via a 15-lipoxygenase dependent processBiochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids1865(4)158611(2020)

NCTT-956 是一种高效且特异性的血小板 12-脂氧合酶 (12-LOX) 活性抑制剂。

(+/-)12-HpETE，为脂氧合酶催化生成的12-羟基二十碳四烯酸，具备血管扩张功能。

BLX3887 is an inhibitor of 15-lipoxygenase type 1 (15-LO-1; IC50 = 32 nM in a cell-free enzyme assay).1 It is selective for 15-LO-1 over 15-LO-2, which it does not inhibit, 5-LO (IC50 = 472 nM), and 12-LO (IC50 = 3,310 nM). BLX3887 inhibits the production of 15-LO metabolites selectively in eosinophils over neutrophils when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It also inhibits endocytosis in, and the migration of, isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived dendritic cells in vitro. |1. Archambault, A.-S., Turcotte, C., Martin, C., et al. Comparison of eight 15-lipoxygenase (LO) inhibitors on the biosynthesis of 15-LO metabolites by human neutrophils and eosinophils. PLoS One 13(8), e0202424 (2018).

12(S)-HpEPE is a monohydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid produced by the action of 12-lipoxygenase on eicosapentaenoic acid. Although the biological activities of 12(S)-HpEPE have not been well characterized, it is expected to behave similarly to 12(S)-HpETE (Catalog No. 44570).

Leukotrienes (LTs) are a group of acute inflammatory mediators derived from arachidonic acid in leukocytes. The majority of these metabolites are formed through the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway. 14,15-LTE4 is a metabolite of 14,15-LTC4 and 14,15-LTD4, an alternate class of LTs synthesized by a pathway involving the dual actions of 15- and 12-LOs on arachidonic acid via 15-HpETE and 14,15-LTA4 intermediates. These metabolites are classified as eoxins because they are formed mostly by eosinophils. Mast cells and nasal polyps can synthesize 14,15-LTC4 as well, however metabolism to 14,15-LTE4 in these cells and tissue has not been documented. 14,15-LTE4 increases vascular permeability of human endothelial cell monolayers with about 10-fold less potency than LTC4, but approximately 100-fold greater potency than histamine.

5(S),12(S)-DiHETE is a natural bioactive lipid derived from arachidonic acid . It is synthesized by glycogen-induced rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) incubated with AA. 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE can be produced by successive oxygenation of AA by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in platelets and 12-LO in leukocytes. It can also be synthesized from 12(S)-HETE by 5-LO, in the presence of 5-LO activating protein (FLAP), activated with calcium ionophore. 5(S),12(S)-DiHETE is an epimer of leukotriene B4 that is weakly chemotactic for PMNL.

12(S)-HETE is a product of arachidonic acid metabolism through the 12-lipoxygenase pathway. It is primarily found in platelets, leukocytes, and to a lesser extent in smooth muscle cells. It enhances tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells, fibronectin, and the subendothelial matrix. tetranor-12(S)-HETE is the major β-oxidation product resulting from peroxisomal metabolism of 12(S)-HETE in numerous tissues, and Lewis lung carcinoma cells. No biological function has yet been determined for tetranor-12(S)-HETE. Some data indicate it may play a role in controlling the inflammatory response in injured corneas. In some diseases (e.g., Zellweger's Syndrome) peroxisomal abnormalities result in the inability of cells to metabolize 12(S)-HETE, which may be responsible for symptoms of the disease. The tetranor derivative of 12(S)-HETE is available as a research tool for the elucidation of the metabolic fate of its parent compound.

N-Arachidonoyl taurine is an arachidonoyl amino acid. It is oxygenated by 12(S)- and 15(S)-lipoxygenase and is converted to 12-HETE-taurine (12-HETE-T) in murine resident peritoneal macrophages. N-Arachidonoyl taurine is an activator of the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels TRPV1 and TRPV4 (EC50s = 28 and 21 μM, respectively). It increases calcium flux in HIT-T15 pancreatic β-cells and INS-1 rat islet cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM and increases insulin secretion from 832 13 INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. The levels of N-arachidonoyl taurine are changed in mouse brain following administration of δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (δ9-THC).