α3β4 nachr

NS3861 是烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的激动剂，对α3β4 nAChR 具有高亲和力。能够分别与α3β4 (Ki:0.62 nM)、α3β2 (Ki:25 nM)、α4β4 (Ki:7.8 nM)、α4β2 (Ki:55 nM) 结合。

Adiphenine hydrochloride (Patrovina) 是一种烟碱样受体抑制剂，可用作解痉药，对α1、α3β4、α4β2和α4β4的IC50值分别为 1.9、1.8、3.7 和 6.3 µM。

PNU 282987 是一种选择性 α7 烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体 (α7 nAChR) 激动剂，Ki 为 26 nM。

Dexmecamylamine ((+)-Mecamylamine) 是一种烟碱乙酰胆碱受体 (nAChR) 的拮抗剂，对 α3β4 α4β2 α7 α1β1γδ 受体具有拮抗作用，IC50 在微摩尔范围内。该化合物表现出抗焦虑和抗抑郁样活性。

α3β4 nAChR antagonist

α-Conotoxin ImI is a conotoxin that has been found inC. imperialisand has receptor antagonist and anticancer activities.1It is a peptide antagonist of homomeric α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs; IC50= 220 nM). α-Conotoxin ImI is selective for α7 nAChRs over α2β2, α3β2, α4β2, α2β4, α3β4, α4β4, and α1β1γδ subunit-containing nAChRs at 5 μM but does inhibit homomeric α9 nAChRs (IC50= 1,800 nM). Administration of paclitaxel in micelles containing α-conotoxin ImI decreases tumor growth in an MCF-7 mouse xenograft model.2Intracerebroventricular, but not intraperitoneal, administration of α-conotoxin ImI (20 nmol/animal) induces seizures in rats.3 1.Johnson, D.S., Martinez, J., Elgoyhen, A.B., et al.α-Conotoxin ImI exhibits subtype-specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptor blockade: Preferential inhibition of homomeric α7 and α9 receptorsMol. Pharmacol.48(2)194-199(1995) 2.Mei, D., Lin, Z., Fu, J., et al.The use of α-conotoxin ImI to actualize the targeted delivery of paclitaxel micelles to α7 nAChR-overexpressing breast cancerBiomaterials4252-65(2015) 3.McIntosh, J.M., Yoshikami, D., Mahe, E., et al.A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligand of unique specificity, α-conotoxin ImIJ. Biol. Chem.269(24)16733-16739(1994)

High affinity and subtype selective α6β2 and α4β2 partial agonist (Ki values are 12 and 26nM for rat α6β2 and α4β2 receptors respectively). Has low affinity for α3β4 and α7 receptors (Ki values are 4.8 and 13 μM for human α3β4 and rat α7 receptors respectively). Stimulates dopamine release from striatal slices in vitro. Attenuates nicotine-induced self-administration and conditional place preference in rats. Sala et al (2013) CC4, a dimer of cytisine, is a selective partial agonist at α4β2/α6β2 nAChR with improved selectivity for tobacco smoking c Br.J.Pharmacol. 168 835 PMID:22957729 |Riganti et al (2005) Long-term exposure to the new nicotinic antagonist 1,2-bisN-cytisinylethane upregulates nicotinic receptor subtypes of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Br.J.Pharmacol. 146 1096 PMID:16273122 |Carbonnelle et al (2003) Nitrogen substitution modifies the activity of cytisine on neuronal nicotinic receptor subtypes. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 471 85 PMID:12818695

Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997). Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3 References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997).

(Rac)-CP-601927 hydrochloride is the racemate form of CP-601927, which is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist. It exhibits Ki values of 1.2 nM and 102 nM for α4β2 and α3β4 nAChR, respectively.

TC-2559 idifumarate is a CNS-selective, orally active α4β2 subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) partial agonist with an EC 50 of 0.18 μM. It exhibits selectivity for α4β2 receptors over α2β4, α4β4, and α3β4 receptors, with EC 50 s ranging from 10 to 30 μM. TC-2559 difumarate also demonstrates antinociceptive effects.

Varenicline (CP 526555) 是一种选择性 α4β2 nAChR 的部分激动剂，也是 α3β4 nAChR 和 α7 nAChR 的完全激动剂，可帮助患有心血管疾病和慢性阻塞性肺病的吸烟者戒烟。

AT-1001 is an α3β4 nAChR partial agonist. AT-1001 attenuates stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking in a rat model of relapse and induces minimal withdrawal in dependent rats. AT-1001 also potently and reversibly blocks epibatidine-induced inward currents in HEK cells transfected with α3β4 nAChR. Importantly, AT-1001 potently and dose-dependently blocks nicotine self-administration in rats, without affecting food responding. When tested in a nucleus accumbens (NAcs) synaptosomal preparation, AT-1001 inhibits nicotine-induced [³H]dopamine release poorly and at significantly higher concentrations compared with mecamylamine and conotoxin MII.

α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA 是一种从 Conus victoriae 分离得到的多肽，也是一种的 nAChR 拮抗剂，抑制 α3α5β2，α3β2 和 α3β4 ，可逆转逆转神经性疼痛模型中的机械异常性疼痛，可用于研究神经性慢性疼痛。α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 TFA 通过 GABA（B） 受体抑制人背根神经节神经兴奋性和小鼠结肠伤害感受。

α-Conotoxin AuIB TFA，一种选择性α3β4烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)的有效拮抗剂，能阻断在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中表达的α3β4 nAChRs，其IC50值为0.75 μM。

α-Conotoxin BuIA 是一种麻痹性肽类神经毒素，同时也是竞争性nAChR拮抗剂。它对nAChR亚型表现出不同的IC50值：0.258 nM（α6 α3β2）、1.54 nM（α6 α3β4）、5.72 nM（α3β2）。该化合物可用于鉴别包含β2与β4亚单位的nAChR亚型。此外，α-Conotoxin BuIA 对αxβ2nAChR的区分能力按照α6>α3>α2>α4的顺序减弱。

α-Conotoxin TxID 为一种有效的α3β4nAChR拮抗剂，IC50为12.5 nM。相对于密切相关的α6 α3β4nAChR，其抑制活性较弱（IC50=94 nM）。此化合物在开发新型戒烟药物方面具有潜力。

α-Conotoxin AuIA为高效的α3β4 nAChR选择性抑制剂，源自Conus aulicus的分离提取。

NS3861 fumarate 是烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体 (nAChRs) 的激动剂。NS3861 fumarate 是α3β4 nAChR 的部分激动剂。与α3β4、α3β2、α4β4、α4β2 的结合Ki 值分别为 0.62、25、7.8、55 nM。

Aristoquinoline (Compound 1), an alkaloid isolated from Aristotelia chilensis, exhibits α3β4 nAChR inhibitory activity [1].

α-Conotoxin MII 是可从僧袍芋螺中分离得到的一种天然产物，有效抑制 nAChR 受体的α3β2亚基，IC50值为 0.5 nM。它还可有效抑制 β3-containing 神经尼古丁受体。