use disorders

Prazosin hydrochloride (Vasoflex) 是一种选择性肾上腺素能 α-1 拮抗剂，可降低外周阻力并放松血管平滑肌。 它可用于研究高血压和酒精使用障碍。 它是一种合成哌嗪衍生物，具有降压抗肾上腺素能特性。它抑制有机阳离子转运蛋白 OCT-1 和 OCT-3，IC50分别为 1.8 和 13 μM 。

(5R)-BW-4030W92是 R 型的 BW-4030W92 ，是具有活性的对映体。(5R)-BW-4030W92 是一种可口服的非选择性、电压依赖性和使用依赖性的钠离子通道 (sodium channel) 拮抗剂，可用于研究神经系统疾病。

Ipratropium bromide monohydrate (Ipratropium bromide hydrate) 是一种毒蕈碱拮抗剂，结构上与阿托品相关，但它通常被认为对吸入使用更安全、更有效。它用于各种支气管疾病、鼻炎和抗心律失常。

Trans-Tranilast 是抗过敏剂，可用于过敏性鼻炎、支气管哮喘和特应性皮炎的研究。

Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic replacement for vasopressin, which reduces urine production. Medical use of Desmopressin acetate includes: (a) bed wetting; (b) diabetes insipidus; (c) nighttime urination; (d) clotting disorders.

Ipsapirone, a pyrimidinylpiperazine ligand, is potent and specific for 5-HT1A receptors and has potential therapeutic use in affective disorders.

Octanoic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of octanoic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Octanoic acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid. It has been found in Teleme cheeses made from goat, ovine, or bovine milk.1 Octanoic acid is active against the bacteria S. mutans, S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis (IC80s = <125, <125, 1,403, and 2,294 μM, respectively).2 Levels of octanoic acid are increased in the plasma of patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, an inborn error of fatty acid metabolism characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycemia, medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria, and intolerance to fasting.3,4 |1. Mallatou, H., Pappa, E., and Massouras, T. Changes in free fatty acids during ripening of Teleme cheese made with ewes', goats', cows' or a mixture of ewes' and goats' milk. Int. Dairy J. 13(1-3), 211-219 (2003).|2. Hyang, C.B., Alimova, Y., Myers, T.M., et al. Short- and medium-chain fatty acids exhibit antimicrobial activity for oral microorganisms. Arch. Oral Biol. 56(7), 650-654 (2011).|3. Onkenhout, W., Venizelos, V., van der Poel, P.F.H., et al. Identification and quantification of intermediates of unsaturated fatty acid metabolism in plasma of patients with fatty acid oxidation disorders. Clin. Chem. 41(10), 1467-1474 (1995).|4. Rinaldo, P., O'Shea, J.J., Coates, P.M., et al. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Diagnosis by stable-isotope dilution measurement of urinary n-hexanoylglycine and 3-phenylpropionylglycine. N. Engl. J. Med. 319(20), 1308-1313 (1988).

KQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKNGGPSSGAPPPS is a Exendin-4 peptide derivative. Exendin-4 is a pure GLP-1 receptor agonist. Exendin-4 peptide derivatives are structurally derived from Exendin-4 and may relates to dual GLP-1 glucagon receptor agonists. Their medical use, for example in the treatment of disorders of the metabolic syndrome, including diabetes and obesity, as well as for reduction of excess food intake. These dual GLP-1 glucagon receptor agonists show reduced activity on the GIP receptor to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia[1]. [1]. US20150315260 A1

Ristocetin A, a glycopeptide related to vancomycin, is an antibiotic produced by the microorganism Nocardia lurida[1]. Ristocetin A is currently in clinical use to treat bacterial infections [1]. Ristocetin A is an antibiotic which can be used to treat staphylococcal infections. The side effects of ristocetin A include thrombocytopenia and platelet agglutination. Ristocetin A has been used in two assays: the ristocetin cofactor assay and the ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation assay. These two assays could be used to diagnosis the von Willebrand disease and other bleeding disorders [2, 3]. The structural features of Ristocetin A are similar to vancomycin.

Ipratropium Free Base is a muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.

Curculigoside (Curculigoside A) 是仙茅中的主要皂苷，具有显著的抗氧化、抗骨质疏松、抗抑郁和神经保护作用。它通过调节JAK STAT NF-κB 信号传导途径，具有抗关节炎作用。

Ph-HTBA 是CaMKIIα的高亲和力、脑穿透调节剂。Ph-HTBA 对 CaMKIIα 具有结合亲和力，Kd 值为 757 nM。Ph-HTBA 可用于缺血和神经退行性疾病的研究。

Zelminemab (AMG-301) 是一种人源化靶向垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽I型受体（ADCYAP1R1）的单克隆抗体，可用于神经系统疾病。

Dectrekumab (QAX576) 是一种靶向 IL-13的人源化单克隆抗体，可降低嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎 (EoE) 患者上皮内的嗜酸性粒细胞数量，改善食管疾病相关的转录失调情况，适用于研究免疫系统疾病。

WAY-215718是一种用于生化反应研究的活性分子。

UWA-101 hydrochloride是一种选用性强、无细胞毒性的DAT/SERT抑制剂，对DAT和SERT的EC50值分别为3.6 µM和2.3 µM。该化合物能降低多巴胺能活性分子（例如L-DOPA）的副作用（如运动障碍），且不具有精神活性特性。UWA-101 hydrochloride适用于神经退行性疾病（如帕金森病）的相关研究。

JJC8-088 是一种有效的DAT抑制剂和新型莫达非尼 (Modafinil) 衍生化合物，可用于研究精神兴奋剂使用障碍。

JJC8-091 是一种有效的DAT抑制剂，可用于研究精神兴奋剂使用障碍。

LPH-5 是一种5-HT2A受体的选择性激动剂 (EC50=190 nM)，通过特异性激活该受体，可能调节与5-HT2A受体相关的情绪、感知及其他中枢神经系统功能。LPH-5 可用于深入研究精神疾病中的5-HT2A受体作用，包括抑郁症、焦虑症和物质滥用障碍。

JJC8-088dioxalate,作为JJC8-088的二草酸盐,属于modafinil的衍生物.它是多巴胺转运体(DAT)的抑制剂,其作用模拟可卡因,在大鼠模型中展示出相似的行为特征,常应用于精神兴奋剂使用障碍的研究.