transported

2-Chloroadenosine 是腺苷类似物，可防止大鼠海马缺血细胞长期丢失。它是尿苷内流 (Ki:33 μM) 的竞争性抑制剂，高亲和力与硝基苄基硫肌苷结合 (Ki:0.18 mM)。它是一种人红细胞核苷转运体的转运渗透剂。

L-Arginine hydrochloride 是内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）合成一氧化氮（NO）的底物和氮供体，可通过阳离子氨基酸转运体进入血管平滑肌细胞，并代谢为NO、多胺或L-脯氨酸，是有效的血管扩张剂，常用于诱导实验性急性胰腺炎模型。

Paclobutrazol ((R,R)-paclobutrazol) 是一种含有三唑的植物生长延缓剂，能抑制赤霉素的生物合成。Paclobutrazol 还具有抗真菌 (antifungal) 活性。Paclobutrazol 能抑制脱落酸的合成，诱导植物的耐冷性植物。Paclobutrazol 通常用于赤霉素在植物生物学中作用的研究。

L-Arginine (L-Arg) 是内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS) 的底物。L-Arginine 通过阳离子氨基酸转运体家族转运到血管平滑肌细胞，并被代谢成一氧化氮、多胺或 L-脯氨酸。L-Arginine 是有效的血管扩张剂，且可被用于诱导实验性急性胰腺炎。

D-Ala-Lys-AMCA hydrochloride 是发射蓝色荧光的质子偶联寡肽转运蛋白 1 (PEPT1) 的已知底物。 D-Ala-Lys-AMCA 可能被转运到 Caco-2 细胞和肝癌细胞中。

Anhydroleucovorin是维生素B9（叶酸）的主要生物活性形式，在人体中有多种重要细胞功能，包括DNA合成、修复和甲基化，以及关键神经递质的产生。甲基四氢叶酸在再甲基化途径中通过将氨基酸同型半胱氨酸转化为蛋氨酸发挥关键代谢作用，是体循环中发现的主要叶酸形式，并被运输至组织供生理利用。

Lysosomal P-gp targeted agent 1 (Compound 14) 是一种抗肿瘤药物，专门靶向溶酶体P-glycoprotein (Pgp)。该化合物通过Pgp的过表达选择性转运至溶酶体，在此处释放一氧化氮以产生reactive oxygen species (ROS)，进而引发溶酶体膜透化作用 (LMP) 和诱发细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。Lysosomal P-gp targeted agent 1 能克服P-glycoprotein介导的耐药性，引起细胞周期停滞，对正常细胞的毒性相对较低，并显示出显著的抗肿瘤活性，能够有效抑制肿瘤体积。

Albitiazolium bromide 是一种抗疟疾化合物，可干扰疟原虫磷脂代谢，尤其是破坏磷脂酰胆碱 (PC) 的生物合成。Albitiazolium bromide 可通过感染红细胞的新通透通路 (NPP) 进入细胞，并由多特异性阳离子载体运送至寄生虫内，使其成为疟疾研究和化合物开发的重要实验工具。

Levomefolate magnesium is the magnesium salt of the metabolite of folic acid (Vitamin B9) and it is a predominant active form of folate found in foods and in the blood circulation, accounting for 98% of folates in human plasma. It is transported across th

cDPCP is a platinum-containing DNA-crosslinking agent.1Unlike cisplatin or oxaliplatin , cDPCP forms monofunctional DNA adducts. It is transported into cells by organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) and OCT2, inhibiting proliferation of MDCK cells expressing the human transporters with IC50values of 8.1 and 1.5 μM, respectively. cDPCP inhibits RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription in a reporter assay using HeLa cells. It increases survival in murine S180 sarcoma and P388 leukemia models when administered at doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg, respectively.2 1.Lovejoy, K.S., Todd, R.C., Zhang, S., et al.cis-Diammine(pyridine)chloroplatinum(II), a monofunctional platinum(II) antitumor agent: Uptake, structure, function, and prospectsProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA105(26)8902-9807(2008) 2.Hollis, L.S., Amundsen, A.R., and Stern, E.W.Chemical and biological properties of a new series of cis-diammineplatinum(II) antitumor agents containing three nitrogen donors: cis-[Pt(NH3)2(N-donor)Cl]+J. Med. Chem.32128-136(1989)

Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) (E217G) is an estrogen metabolite formed in the liver and subsequently excreted in bile.1It acts as a substrate of the multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2; Km= 75 μM), and through MRP2-mediated transport, functions as a cholestatic agent, decreasing bile flow.1,2In addition to binding to the MRP2 transport site, E217G has been shown to bind to an allosteric site that through positive cooperativity activates its own transportviaMRP2 and the transport of other MRP2 substrates, including the non-cholestatic estrogen metabolite, estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) .2,3E217G has also been reported to be transported by MDR1, MRP1, MRP3, MRP4, MRP7, ABCG2 (a breast cancer resistance protein transporter), and the rat organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1-4.2 1.Loe, D.W., Almquist, K.C., Cole, S.P., et al.ATP-dependent 17β-estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) transport by multidrug resistance protein (MRP). Inhibition by cholestatic steroidsThe Journal of Biological Chemisty271(16)9683-9689(1996) 2.Gerk, P.M., Li, W., and Vore, M.Estradiol 3-glucuronide is transported by the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 but does not activate the allosteric site bound by estradiol 17-glucuronideDrug Metabolism and Disposition32(10)1139-1145(2004) 3.Gerk, P.M., Li, W., Megaraj, W., et al.Human multidrug resistance protein 2 transports the therapeutic bile salt tauroursodeoxycholateJournal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics320(2)893-899(2007)

Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density.[1] This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production.[2] Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). Regulation of bacterial quorum sensing signaling systems to inhibit pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases.[3] AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family.[4] C16-HSL is one of a number of lipophilic, long acyl side-chain bearing AHLs, including its monounsaturated analog C16:1-(L)-HSL, produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI involved in quorum-sensing signaling in S. meliloti, a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of certain legumes.[5],[6] C16-HSL is the most abundant AHL produced by the proteobacterium R. capsulatus and activates genetic exchange between R. capsulatus cells.[7] N-Hexadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and other hydrophobic AHLs tend to localize in relatively lipophilic cellular environments of bacteria and cannot diffuse freely through the cell membrane. The long-chain N-acylhomoserine lactones may be exported from cells by efflux pumps or may be transported between communicating cells by way of extracellular outer membrane vesicles.[8],[9]Reference:[1]. González, J.E., and Keshavan, N.D. Messing with bacterial quorum sensing Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70(4), 859-875 (2006).[2]. Gould, T.A., Herman, J., Krank, J., et al. Specificity of acyl-homoserine lactone syntheses examined by mass spectrometry Journal of Bacteriology 188(2), 773-783 (2006).[3]. Cegelski, L., Marshall, G.R., Eldridge, G.R., et al. The biology and future prospects of antivirulence therapies Nature Reviews.Microbiology 6(1), 17-27 (2008).[4]. Penalver, C.G.N., Morin, D., Cantet, F., et al. Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 produces a novel type of acyl-homoserine lactone with a double unsaturated side chain under methylotrophic growth conditions FEBS Letters 580, 561-567 (2006).[5]. Gao, M., Chen, H., Eberhard, A., et al. sinI- and expR-dependent quorum sensing in Sinorhizobium meliloti Journal of Bacteriology 187(23), 7931-7944 (2005).[6]. Teplitski, M., Eberhard, A., Gronquist, M.R., et al. Chemical identification of N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signals produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti strains in defined medium Archives of Microbiology 180, 494-497 (2003).[7]. Schaefer, A.L., Taylor, T.A., Beatty, J.T., et al. Long-chain acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing regulation of Rhodobacter capsulatus gene transfer agent production Journal of Bacteriology 184(23), 6515-6521 (2002).[8]. Pearson, J.P., Van Delden, C., and Iglewski, B.H. Active efflux and diffusion are involved in transport of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cell-to-cell signals Journal of Bacteriology 181(4), 1203-1210 (1999).[9]. Mashburn-Warren, L., and Whiteley, M. Special delivery: Vesicle trafficking in prokaryotes Molecular Microbiology 61(4), 839-846 (2006).

Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). Regulation of bacterial quorum sensing signaling systems to inhibit pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases. AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. C18-HSL is one of four lipophilic, long acyl side-chain bearing AHLs produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI involved in quorum sensing signaling in strains of S. meliloti, a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of the legume M. sativa. C18-HSL and other hydrophobic AHLs tend to localize in relatively lipophilic cellular environments of bacteria and cannot diffuse freely through the cell membrane. The long-chain N-acylhomoserine lactones may be exported from cells by efflux pumps or may be transported between communicating cells by way of extracellular outer membrane vesicles.

Cholesteryl palmitate 是一种慢性间质性肺炎的有用预后生物标志物。

[Tyr3]Octreotate 是一个含有8个氨基酸的长肽化合物，是具有共价键DOTA 双功能螯合剂。[Tyr3]Octreotate 与SSR2活性的NETs 的跨膜受体结合，并通过内吞作用主动运输到细胞中，可能会增加所需的双链DNA 断裂，是治疗肿瘤的潜在药物。

BGC-638, an analogue of BGC-945, is a thymidylate synthase inhibitor specifically transported into α-folate receptor (α-FR)–overexpressing tumors.

Genkwanin (Apigenin 7-methyl ether) 是一种O-甲基化黄酮，有抗炎活性，通过被动扩散和多药耐药蛋白介导的外排机制转运。

Palmitoleoyl-CoAlithium 是 Palmitoleoyl-CoA 的一种锂盐状态。它能够在糖代谢过程中被激活并转运至线粒体以进行 β-氧化。Palmitoleoyl-CoA lithium 还具有诱导心脏线粒体膜通透性转变的功能，这一作用可能引起线粒体功能障碍。此外，这种化合物通过调节 AMPK β1-异构体的构象变化来控制代谢过程。

MHES0488A 是一种选择性人源化抗体，靶向 HER2，KD 值为 0.8 nM。它是 DHES0815A 的抗体部分，能够被细胞内化并转运至溶酶体，从而释放 PBD-单酰胺进入细胞核，对 DNA 进行烷基化，诱导 DNA 损伤和凋亡。MHES0488A 有潜力用于研究如 HER2 阳性乳腺癌和胃癌等癌症。

Docosahexaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride 是一种由Docosahexaenoic acid和L-carnitine形成的长链酰基左旋肉碱。它在肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶 I (CPT I) 和其他酶的介导下被运送至线粒体，进行β-氧化和降解。Docosahexaenoyl-L-carnitine chloride 可用于研究脂肪酸代谢相关的疾病。

Palmitoyl coenzyme A 是酰基-CoA 硫酯，通过肉碱穿梭系统运送至线粒体基质，参与 β-氧化。此外，它还是鞘氨醇生物合成的底物。

Palmitoleoyl-CoA 能被激活并转运至线粒体，以进行代谢过程，特别是 β-氧化。它能够诱发心脏线粒体膜的通透性转变，导致线粒体功能障碍。通过变构调控 AMPKβ1-异构体，Palmitoleoyl-CoA 还能调节代谢。