stromal

Etonogestrel (Implanon) 是孕激素去氧孕烯的生物活性代谢物，与靶器官中的孕酮受体和雌激素受体高亲和力地结合，可诱导FKBP51mRNA 和蛋白表达。它是一种甾体孕激素，用作激素避孕药。

Tigogenin 是甾体皂甙元，普遍用于甾体类药物的合成。它能够阻碍小鼠骨髓基质细胞脂肪细胞分化，促使成骨细胞的分化。

N-Oleoyl-L-Serine (N-Oleoylserine) 是一种内源性的长链脂肪酸酰胺，是骨重塑的脂质调节剂，并刺激破骨细胞凋亡可用于研究骨质疏松症。 N-Oleoyl-L-Serine 在成骨细胞增殖试验中显示出较高的活性。N-Oleoyl-L-Serine 通过抑制骨髓基质细胞和成骨细胞中 Erk1 2 磷酸化和核 κB 配体 （RANKL） 受体激活剂的表达来促进破骨细胞凋亡，从而减轻破骨细胞的数量。

Plerixafor (AMD-3329) 是一种趋化因子受体拮抗剂，可阻断基质细胞衍生因子与细胞受体 CXCR4 的结合。它也是 CXCR7 的变构激动剂，是免疫刺激剂和造血干细胞动员剂，还抑制HIV-1和HIV-2的复制，EC50为 1-10 nM。

Plerixafor octahydrochloride (JM3100 octahydrochloride) 是一种选择性的CXCR4拮抗剂，IC50为 44 nM。Plerixafor 是一种具有造血干细胞动员活性的双环霉素。

Regorafenib Hydrochloride (BAY73-4506 hydrochloride) 是一种新型口服多激酶抑制剂，可抑制血管生成、基质和致癌受体酪氨酸激酶，具有强大的临床前抗肿瘤活性。它靶向作用于 VEGFR1 2 3、PDGFRβ、Kit、RET 和 Raf-1，IC50值分别为 13 4.2 46、22、7、1.5 和 2.5 nM。

ML-9 是 Akt 激酶的一种选择性强效抑制剂，可抑制肌球蛋白轻链激酶 (MLCK) 和基质相互作用分子1(STIM1) 活性。它通过刺激自噬小体的形成并抑制其降解来诱导自噬。它抑制 MLCK，PKA 和 PKC 活性，Ki 值分别为 4、32 和 54 μM。

Halofuginone hydrobromid 是Febrifugine 的衍生物，是竞争性脯氨酰-tRNA 合成酶抑制剂。它是 I 型胶原合成的特异性抑制剂，并通过抑制TGF-β活性可减轻骨关节炎。它具有抗疟疾、抗炎、抗癌、抗纤维化作用。

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (Safflomin A) 是一种黄酮类天然产物，从中药红花中分离得到，具有抗癌作用。

NT157 是一种口服生物可利用的间充质-上皮转化 (MET) TKI，主要针对具有 METex14 跳跃突变的特定 NSCLC 患者开发。

ML-9 (free base) suppresses MLCK, PKA, and PKC activity (Ki: 4, 32, and 54 μM, respectively). ML-9 (free base) is a selective and effective inhibitor of Akt kinase, inhibits myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) acti

Pyr10 是吡唑衍生物，是TRPC3通道的选择性抑制剂。Pyr10抑制卡巴可刺激的TRPC3转染的 HEK293 细胞中的 Ca2+流入。它具有区分受体操纵的TRPC3和天然基质相互作用分子 1 (STIM1) Orai1 通道的能力。

USL311 是选择性 CXCR4拮抗剂，可防止基质细胞衍生因子 1（SDF-1 或 CXCL12）与 CXCR4 结合。它抑制 CXCR4 活化并减少表达 CXCR4 的肿瘤细胞的增殖和迁移，具有抗肿瘤活性。

Burixafor（又名TG-0054）是一种口服可用的CXC趋化因子受体4（CXCR4）抑制剂，具有受体结合和造血干细胞动员活性。Burixafor通过结合到CXCR4化趋受体，阻止基质衍生因子-1（SDF-1或CXCL12）与CXCR4受体的结合及其随后的受体激活，从而可能实现造血干细胞和祖细胞从骨髓释放到血液中的动员。备注：元素分析显示该化合物是含有3个HBr和3个水的盐。

KIT PDGFRA-IN-1 (compound 19) 是一种针对干细胞生长因子受体 (stem cell growth factor receptor (KIT)) 和血小板衍生生长因子受体 α (platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA)) 的抑制剂。该化合物对 KIT-wt、KIT-D816H、KIT-T670I、PDGFRA-wt、PDGFRA-D842V、PDGFRA-T674I 和 PDGFRA-G680R 的 IC50 分别为 2.3、12、492、0.8、99.9、42.3 和 4.3 μM。针对 PDGFRA 和 KIT 突变的胃肠道间质瘤细胞系 GIST-T1、T1-a-D842V 和 GIST-48B，KIT PDGFRA-IN-1 的 GR50 值分别为 12、8900 和 ≥10,000 nM。

Imatinib is a multi-target inhibitor of v-Abl, c-Kit, and PDGFR (IC50: 0.6 μM, 0.1 μM, and 0.1 μM, respectively). Imatinib is used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and a number of other malignancies.

Glycitin (Glycitein 7-O-β-glucoside) 是一种从豆类中分离出来的天然异黄酮，有抗菌，抗病毒和雌激素作用，还有促进骨髓基质细胞和成骨细胞的增殖和抑制骨转换的生物学功能。

Lipid-derived lipoxins are produced at the site of vascular and mucosal inflammation where they down-regulate polymorphonuclear leukocyte recruitment and function. 15(R)-Lipoxin A4 (15(R)-LXA4) is derived from the aspirin-triggered formation of 15(R)-HETE from arachidonic acid. [1] [2] 15(R)-LXA4 inhibits LTB4-induced chemotaxis, adherence, and transmigration of neutrophils with twice the potency of LXA4 demonstrating activity in the nM range.[2] [3] The anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin may be ascribed in part to the ability of 15(R)-LXA4 to regulate leukocyte function.[4] 15(R)-LXA4 is reported to promote resolution of inflammation in LPS-treated stromal cells derived from intermediate-stage diseased supraspinatus tendons as evidenced by increased expression of the STAT-6 pathway target genes, ALOX15 and CD206.[5]

KLD-12, a 12-residue self-assembling peptide, displays properties that promote chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Moreover, KLD-12 hydrogel can effectively fill full-thickness osteochondral defects in their original location, leading to improved cartilage repair.

AZD3229 是一种突变型酪氨酸激酶受体抑制剂，可用于胃肠道间质瘤的研究。

INCB16562 is a novel, selective, and orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 markedly selective over JAK3. Treatment of myeloma cells with INCB16562 potently inhibited interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced phosphorylation of STAT3. INCB16562 abrogated the protective effects of recombinant cytokines or bone marrow stromal cells and sensitized myeloma cells to cell death by exposure to dexamethasone, melphalan, or bortezomib. Oral administration of INCB16562 antagonized the growth of myeloma xenografts in mice and enhanced the antitumor activity of relevant agents in combination studies. INCB16562 is a potent JAK1 2 inhibitor and that mitigation of JAK STAT signaling by targeting JAK1 and JAK2 will be beneficial in the treatment of myeloma patients, particularly in combination with other agents. ( source: Neoplasia. 2010 Jan;12(1):28-38. ).

AS1940477 is p38 MAPK inhibitor. AS1940477 inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant p38α and β isoforms but showed no effect against other 100 protein kinases including p38γ and δ isoforms. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, AS1940477 inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- or phytohemagglutinin A (PHA)-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 at low concentrations (LPS TNFα, IC(50)=0.45n M; PHA TNFα, IC(50)=0.40 nM). In addition, equivalent concentrations of AS1940477 that inhibited cytokine production also inhibited TNFα- and IL-1 β-induced production of IL-6, PGE(2), and MMP-3 in human synovial stromal cells. AS1940477 was also found to potently inhibit TNF production in whole blood (IC(50)=12 nM) and effectively inhibited TNFα production induced by systemically administered LPS in rats at less than 0.1mg kg (ED(50)=0.053 mg kg) with an anti-inflammatory effect lasting for 20h after oral administration. Overall, this stu......

MS-0022 is a SMO antagonist. MS-0022 showed effective Hh signaling pathway inhibition at the level of SMO in the low nM range, and Hh pathway inhibition downstream of Suppressor of fused (SUFU) in the low µM range. MS-0022 reduced growth in the tumor cell lines PANC-1, SUIT-2, PC-3 and FEMX in vitro. MS-0022 is a treatment led to a transient delay of tumor growth that correlated with a reduction of stromal Gli1 levels in SUIT-2 xenografts in vivo.

KRH-1636 is an orally active, selective and extremely potent CXC chemokine receptor 4 antagonist. KRH-1636 exhibits a potent and selective anti-HIV-1 activity. KRH-1636 efficiently blocked replication of various T cell line-tropic (X4) HIV type 1 (HIV-1) in MT-4 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells through the inhibition of viral entry and membrane fusion via the CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)4 coreceptor but not via CC chemokine receptor 5. KRH-1636 also inhibits binding of the CXC chemokine, stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha, to CXCR4 specifically and subsequent signal transduction. KRH-1636 prevented monoclonal antibodies from binding to CXCR4 without down-modulation of the coreceptor. KRH-1636 seems to be a promising agent for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.