separation

1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycerol 是一种内标物，可用于分离和鉴定 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (DAG) 的分子种类。

Ifosfamide (NSC-109724) 是一种烷化剂，具有抗肿瘤活性。它烷基化并形成 DNA 交联，从而防止 DNA 链分离和 DNA 复制。它是一种前药，必须通过肝微粒体酶的羟基化来激活。

S-Trityl-L-cysteine 是别构驱动蛋白Eg5的选择性抑制剂。rityl-L-cysteine 抑制基础 ATPase 活性的IC50为 1 μM，抑制微管激活的 ATPase 活性的IC50为 140 nM。S-Trityl-L-cysteine 显示出抗肿瘤活性。

Sucrose-epichlorohydrin copolymer（Polysucrose 400，聚蔗糖 400）是蔗糖与环氧氯丙烷共聚合的高分子量聚合物，用于细胞、细胞膜、细胞器、病毒细胞的密度梯度分离和蛋白液相分离 (LLPS)。

Dihydrocapsaicin (CCRIS1589) 是一种天然来源的辣椒素，是TRPV1的选择性激动剂，同时可以增加 p-Akt 水平。它可以增强低温诱导的神经保护。

Nonaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (Polidocanol) 是一种非离子表面活性剂和聚乙二醇清洁剂，可用于蛋白质分离和纯化，以及用于形成初始聚结的 O W 乳剂液滴。

D-Desthiobiotin 是一种生物素衍生物，用于蛋白质层析和亲和层析，也用于蛋白质和细胞的标记、检测和分离。

QKY-613 是一种通过靶向核酸修饰途径以提升免疫监视能力的前药。其作用机制为促进6mdA (N6-甲基脱氧腺苷) 在病毒 DNA 中的选择性掺入，增强 DNA 的相分离能力，从而提高 cGAS 的激活，强化宿主免疫监视。在病毒感染的小鼠模型中，它显著降低了老年小鼠的死亡率。QKY-613 有望用于研究基于核酸修饰的免疫监视机制。

Netzahualcoyonol has antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. Bioactivity-directed separation led to the isolation of tingenone and Netzahualcoyonol as biologically active materials.

UMK57 是一种CENP-Ei、MCAK 增强剂，选择性促进 k-MT 附着错误纠正以抑制染色体错误分离的小分子化合物，可以通过破坏有丝分裂过程中动粒微管 (k-MT) 附着的稳定性来提高染色体分离保守性。

α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) is a saccharide comprised of six glucose subunits linked by α-1,4 bonds, which results in a cone-shaped molecule.1It contains a hydrophobic interior and hydrophilic exterior, which allow it to form inclusion complexes with wide variety of molecules, conferring enhanced solubility and stabilization to the molecules. α-CD has commonly been used in the separation and purification of chemicals on an industrial scale.1,2Formulations containing α-CD have been used in the pharmaceutical industry to improve the physical and chemical properties of compounds, the food industry as flavor carriers and stabilizers in processed and ultra-processed foods and certain beverages, as well as in other industrial applications. 1.Li, S., and Purdy, W.C.Cyclodextrins and their applications in analytical chemistryChem. Rev.92(6)1457-1470(1992) 2.Astray, G., Gonazalez-Barreiro, C., Mejuto, J.C., et al.A review on the use of cyclodextrins in foodsFood Hydrocolloids23(7)1631-1640(2009)

Phosphoramide mustard cyclohexanamine（磷酰胺氮芥环己胺盐）是cyclophosphamide的活性代谢物，是一种交联DNA链的烷基化剂，组织细胞分裂并导致细胞死亡，具有抗肿瘤活性。

6-O-Sulfo-β-cyclodextrin is a sulfated cyclodextrin.1It has been used for the chiral separation of nadolol racemates by capillary electrophoresis. 1.Wang, F., Dowling, T., Bicker, G., et al.Electrophoretic chiral separation of pharmaceutical compounds with multiple stereogenic centers in charged cyclodextrin mediaJ. Sep. Sci.24(5)378-384(2001)

Poly-L-lysine hydrochloride 作为一种非特异性附着因子，通过增强细胞膜上存在的负电离子与培养基质表面之间的静电相互作用，在促进细胞对固体基质的附着方面起着关键作用。Poly-L-lysine hydrochloride 是一种多肽，在低浓度时表现出促进液-液相分离（LLPS）的能力，而在高浓度时抑制 LLPS。由于其阳离子肽的性质，Poly-L-lysine hydrochloride 抗菌活性。这些特性使它成为增强细胞粘附力、调节相分离动力学和展示抗菌活性的重要成分。

Gel filtration medium G-100, a substance designed for protein purification, enables the separation and purification of proteins through gel filtration.

G247是一种特异的 MsbA 抑制剂。G247 作为跨膜结构域 (TMDs) 楔形物，对称地增加核苷酸结合结构域 (NBDs) 的分离，并防止 MsbA 的构象转变。G247 利用增加 NBDs 间的距离来抑制 ATP 酶活性。

ZK-Thiazolidinone, also known as TAL, is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of PLK1. In vitro, ZK-Thiazolidinone counteracts the role of Plk1 in previously established functions, notably, sister chromatid separation, centrosome maturation, and bipolar spindle assembly. In vivo, ZK-Thiazolidinone selectively inhibits PLK1 and causes a prometaphase-like mitotic (G2–M) arrest. ZK-Thiazolidinone inhibits human PLK1 (IC50, 19± 12 nM) and various human and mouse tumor cell lines (IC50, 0.2–1.3 μM). ZK-Thiazolidinone impairs centrosome maturation.

Neuraminidase, Microorganism (Exo-α-sialidase) 是一种唾液酸酶，可以催化唾液酸水解，具有抗原性，可协助成熟流感病毒脱离宿主细胞感染新的细胞。

Mal-PEG2-Val-Cit-PABA 是一种ADC linker，具有可降解性，用于抗体偶联活性分子（ADC）的合成。

XQ2B为cGAS抑制剂，针对蛋白质-DNA相互作用及其相分离。该化合物可阻止单纯疱疹病毒1（HSV-1）触发的抗病毒免疫响应，在体外与体内都能增强HSV-1的感染效果。

icFSP1是一种抑制剂，针对的是铁死亡抑制蛋白1（FSP1）。在2.5 µM的浓度下使用时，能够引发FSP1在细胞中的凝聚和相分离，但在无细胞测试中并不抑制FSP1的酶活性（IC50 = > 30 µM）。icFSP1以浓度依赖的方式诱导HT-1080纤维肉瘤细胞的铁死亡。在体内，icFSP1（50 mg kg）通过使用人类过表达FSP1，Gpx4- -Fsp1- -的B16 F10细胞，在B16 F10鼠黑色素瘤模型中减少肿瘤体积和重量。

DC4 crosslinker, an 18Å mass spectrometry-cleavable crosslinking reagent, features two intrinsic positive charges facilitating the fragmentation of cross-linked peptides into their constituent peptides through collision-induced dissociation or in-source decay. Initial fragmentation leads to cleavage adjacent to the positive charges, enabling the identification of cross-linked peptides as pairs of ions with precise mass separation. Furthermore, the resultant intact peptide fragments can undergo further fragmentation, producing a sequence of b- and y-ions for peptide identification.

11(S)-HEDE, obtained through the chromatographic separation of (±)11-HEDE, lacks any documented biological activity in scientific literature.

1-Amino-1-deoxy-β-D-galactose (β-D-Galactosylamine) 作为一种具有竞争性抑制功能的半乳糖类似物,主要用于β-D-半乳糖苷酶和半乳糖氧化酶的分离、纯化、鉴定、区分及表征.