Verruculogen is a toxin produced mainly by Penicillium and Aspergillus spp. Verruculogen inhibits Ca2+-activated K+ channels, and is an M phase inhibitor of the mammalian cell cycle.
Chaetoglobosin A, the active compound extracted of Penicillium aquamarinium, is a member of the cytochalasan family. It preferentially induces apoptosis.
Citreoviridin, a toxin from Penicillium citreoviride NRRL 2579, inhibits brain synaptosomal Na+ K+-ATPase whereas, in microsomes, both Na+ K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities are significantly stimulated in a dose-dependent manner.
Meleagrin, a roquefortine C-derived alkaloid produced by Penicillium fungi, serves as both a class of FabI inhibitors and a lead c-Met inhibitory entity for controlling c-Met-dependent metastatic and invasive breast malignancies. It exhibits antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities.
Botryodiplodin, an antibiotic, has antileukemic activity from Botryodiplodia theobromae. It has the property of turning the skin of the individual in various shades of pink 2-3 hrs after application. It is a toxic metabolite of Penicillium carneo-lutescen
PF-1163B is an antifungal agent form Penicillium sp. II. PF-1163B inhibits ergosterol (ERG) synthesis with IC50 value of 34 ng ml. PF-1163B showed potent growth inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungal strain Candida albicans but did not show cytotox