pad1

Streptonigrin is a natural product produced by Streptomyces flocculus, has both anti-tumor and anti-bacterial activity. Streptonigrin acts as a pan-PAD inhibitor (IC50s: 48.3±34.2 µM, 26.1±0.3 µM, 0.43±0.03 µM, and 2.5±0.4 µM for PAD1, PAD2, PAD3, and PAD

KP-302(compound 23)是一种选择性的protein arginine deaminase 2(PAD2)抑制剂，Ki=60 μM，能够逆转多发性硬化症 (MS) 小鼠的身体残疾并清除大脑中的T细胞浸润。

D-Cl-amidine is an effective and highly selective PAD1 inhibitor. D-Cl-amidine has a good correlation and no obvious toxicity.

Cl-amidine is an orally active inhibitor of peptidyl arginine deminase (PAD) (IC50s: 0.8 μM, 6.2 μM, and 5.9 μM for PAD1, PAD3, and PAD4). Cl-amidine induces apoptosis in cancer cells.

Cl-amidine TFA is an orally active inhibitor of peptidyl arginine deminase (PAD) with IC50 values of 0.8 μM, 6.2 μM, and 5.9 μM for PAD1, PAD3, and PAD4, respectively. Cl-amidine induces apoptosis in cancer cells.

Photoswitchable PAD inhibitor is a photoactivated protein arginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor and a derivative of BB-Cl-amidine that contains an azobenzene photoswitch allowing optical control of PAD activity.1 Without photoactivation, it is a weak inhibitor of PAD2 (IC50 = >100 μM) and is less potent than BB-Cl-amidine in inhibiting citrulline production in vitro (kinact KIs = 2,300, 600, 1,000, and 10,510 M-1min-1 for PAD1-4, respectively) and does not inhibit histone H3 citrullination in HEK293T cells overexpressing PAD2 when used at concentrations up to 100 μM. However, it can rapidly be photoactivated with UV-A radiation to the more active cis-isomer, which is an irreversible, competitive inhibitor of histone H3 citrullination with an IC50 value of 9.1 μM.References1. Mondal, S., Parelkar, S.S., Nagar, M., et al. Photochemical control of protein arginine deiminase (PAD) activity. ACS Chem. Biol. 13(4), 1057-1065 (2018). Photoswitchable PAD inhibitor is a photoactivated protein arginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor and a derivative of BB-Cl-amidine that contains an azobenzene photoswitch allowing optical control of PAD activity.1 Without photoactivation, it is a weak inhibitor of PAD2 (IC50 = >100 μM) and is less potent than BB-Cl-amidine in inhibiting citrulline production in vitro (kinact KIs = 2,300, 600, 1,000, and 10,510 M-1min-1 for PAD1-4, respectively) and does not inhibit histone H3 citrullination in HEK293T cells overexpressing PAD2 when used at concentrations up to 100 μM. However, it can rapidly be photoactivated with UV-A radiation to the more active cis-isomer, which is an irreversible, competitive inhibitor of histone H3 citrullination with an IC50 value of 9.1 μM. References1. Mondal, S., Parelkar, S.S., Nagar, M., et al. Photochemical control of protein arginine deiminase (PAD) activity. ACS Chem. Biol. 13(4), 1057-1065 (2018).

CAY10727 is an inhibitor of protein arginine deiminase 3 (PAD3; kinact/KI= 15,600 M-1min-1).1It is selective for PAD3 over PAD1, -2, and -4 (kinact/KIs = 360, 1,110, and 1,460 M-1min-1, respectively). 1.Jamali, H., Khan, H.A., Stringer, J.R., et al.Identification of multiple structurally distinct, nonpeptidic small molecule inhibitors of protein arginine deiminase 3 using a substrate-based fragment methodJ. Am. Chem. Soc.137(10)3616-3621(2015)

BB-Cl-Yne is a cell-permeable derivative of the protein arginine deiminase (PAD) inhibitor BB-Cl-amidine that contains an alkyne moiety for use in click chemistry reactions. BB-CL-Yne inhibits PAD1-4 with Kinact KI values of 6,400, 3,600, 10,800, and 4,900 M-1min-1, respectively. It has been used for labeling PADs in cell-free and cell-based assays, followed by click reactions with azide-modified TAMRA or biotin reporters.

D-Cl-amidine hydrochloride is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of PAD1. It exhibits excellent tolerance and does not induce significant toxicity [1].

F-amidine is a selective inhibitor of protein arginine deiminases (PADs), specifically targeting PAD1 and PAD4 with in vitro IC50 values of 29.5, 350, and 21.6 µM for PAD1, PAD3, and PAD4, respectively. It irreversibly inactivates all four PAD subtypes by covalently modifying an active site cysteine crucial for enzymatic activity, with kinact/KI values of 2,800, 380, 170, and 3,000 M^-1min^-1. Additionally, F-amidine demonstrates cytotoxicity against HL-60, MCF-7, and HT-29 cancer cell lines, with IC50s of 0.5, 0.5, and 1 μM, respectively.