non-toxicity

cyclo(L-Pro-L-Tyr) 是真菌和细菌的次生代谢产物。

(S)-Carvedilol is a non-selective β α-1 blocker.It exerts protection against the vascular or cardiac toxicity of Doxorubicin (DOX).

Ethyl phenylacetate 是天然香料，其感官阈值接近 73 µg L。它可使葡萄酒具有强烈的蜂蜜样特性。它是一种毒性较小且对环境更友好的溶剂，是非诱变性的，并且是犹太食品添加剂。

(R)-Carvedilol is a non-selective blocker of β α-1. (R)-Carvedilol exerts protection against the vascular or cardiac toxicity of Doxorubicin (DOX).

Avitinib (AC0010) 是一种不可逆的、突变体选择性的EGFR 抑制剂，可有效抑制非小细胞肺癌中EGFR T790M 耐药突变。阿比替尼也是一种新型BTK 抑制剂。

HRX-0233是一种针对MAP2K4的小分子抑制剂。该化合物在体内对H358 KRASG12C突变的非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)展示出高效的肿瘤缩小作用，同时毒性不明显。HRX-0233还能有效抑制Sotorasib作为KRAS抑制剂在单药治疗中对受体酪氨酸激酶(RTKs)的反馈激活，进而实现对MAPK信号通路的更持久和全面抑制。此外，HRX-0233也被期待应用于AR阴性前列腺癌、肺癌及结肠癌的研究中。

hAChE-IN-9（compound 7i）是一种针对人乙酰胆碱酯酶（hAChE）的选择性抑制剂，其对AChE和BChE的抑制活性IC50值分别为0.05 μM 和2.85 μM。该化合物可有效转变有毒的Aβ寡聚物为无毒形式，并展现出抗氧化和神经保护特性，有助于缓解Aβ诱导的毒性。此外，hAChE-IN-9也被用于阿尔兹海默病的相关研究中。

TMC647055 Choline Hydroxide Salt 是一种新型有效的 HCV NS5B 聚合酶非核苷抑制剂，可用于治疗 HCV 感染。它具有纳摩尔级细胞效力（EC(50) 为 82 nM），相关细胞毒性较小（CC(50)>20 μM），在大鼠和狗中具有良好的药代动力学特征。 TMC647055 显示出有体外生化、动力学和病毒学特征的前景。

Hexythiazox 是一种螨类生长调节剂和噻唑烷类杀螨剂，对多种螨类具有长效杀虫作用，适用于植物从萌芽到结果的任何生长阶段。

LY2389575 hydrochloride 是一种 mGlu3 负变构调节剂 (NAM)，具有选择性和非竞争性，其IC50 值为 190 nM。LY2389575 hydrochloride 能诱导 Mrc1 水平升高，对β 淀粉样蛋白 (Aβ) 的毒性具有放大作用，可用于研究阿尔兹海默症。

Fluensulfone (MCW-2) 是一种新型杀线虫剂，可化学防治植物寄生线虫。

Aflatoxin G2-13C17is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of aflatoxin G2by GC- or LC-MS. Aflatoxin G2is a mycotoxin that has been found inAspergillus.1It is lethal to ducklings (LD50= 2.83 mg kg) but is non-toxic to rats when administered at a dose of 200 mg kg.2 1.Bennett, J.W., and Klich, M.MycotoxinsClin. Microbiol. Rev.16(3)497-516(2003) 2.Wogan, G.N., Edwards, G.S., and Newberne, P.M.Structure-activity relationships in toxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxins and analogsCancer Res.31(12)1936-1942(1971)

C8 Galactosylceramide is a synthetic C8 short-chain derivative of known membrane microdomain-forming sphingolipids. It increases the amount delivered and toxicity of doxorubicin in cancerous but not non-cancerous cells when incorporated into the nanoliposomal membrane of nanoliposomal-doxorubicin. C8 Galactosylceramide induces proliferation and cytokine production by splenocytes in vitro at concentrations ranging from 100-1,000 ng ml but has no effect on natural killer T cell production in vivo. It also activates NF-κB production in C6 glioma cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM.

TunR1 is an antibiotic and derivative of tunicamycin .1It is active againstB. subtilis(MIC = 0.3 μg ml) and increases the efficacy of the β-lactam antibiotics oxacillin , methicillin , and penicillin G againstB. subtiliswhen used at a concentration of 0.4 μg ml. TunR1 (5 μg ml) is cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and non-cancerous CHO cells. Unlike tunicamycin, TunR1 does not inhibit glycosylation in a protein N-glycosylation assay. 1.Price, N.P., Hartman, T.M., Li, J., et al.Modified tunicamycins with reduced eukaryotic toxicity that enhance the antibacterial activity of β-lactamsJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)70(11)1070-1077(2017)

TunR2 is an antibiotic and derivative of tunicamycin .1It is active againstB. subtilis(MIC = 0.3 μg ml) and increases the efficacy of the β-lactam antibiotics oxacillin , methicillin , and penicillin G againstB. subtiliswhen used at a concentration of 0.4 μg ml. Unlike tunicamycin, TunR2 is non-toxic toS. cerevisiae(MIC = >10 μg ml) and does not inhibit glycosylation in a protein N-glycosylation assay. TunR2 also has reduced antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 and CHO cells compared with tunicamycin. 1.Price, N.P., Hartman, T.M., Li, J., et al.Modified tunicamycins with reduced eukaryotic toxicity that enhance the antibacterial activity of β-lactamsJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)70(11)1070-1077(2017)

NO-indomethacin is a hybrid molecule of indomethacin and a nitric oxide (NO) donor. This drug design combines the anti-inflammatory properties of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with the gastrointestinal protective effects of NO. Compounds of this class retain their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, but have reduced gastrointestinal and kidney toxicity compared to the NSAID alone. NO-indomethacin also enhances the cancer chemopreventative activity of indomethacin. NO-indomethacin exhibits an IC50 of 82 μM, compared to >1,000 μM for indomethacin alone, for the inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell (PaCa-2) growth after 24 hours in culture.

Tebanicline is a potent synthetic nicotinic (non-opioid) analgesic drug. It was developed as a less toxic analogue of the potent poison dart frog-derived compound epibatidine. Like epibatidine, tebanicline showed potent analgesic activity against neuropat

Etodolac acyl glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and COX inhibitor etodolac .1It is formedviaglucuronidation of etodolac by the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7. 1.Kutsuno, Y., Itoh, T., Tukey, R.H., et al.Glucuronidation of drugs and drug-induced toxicity in humanized UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 miceDrug Metab. Dispos.42(7)1146-1152(2014)

Diclofenac methyl ester 是双氯芬酸(diclofenac)的疏水性前药形式，它是一种非甾体抗炎药 (NSAID)。它比双氯芬酸更易溶于肉豆蔻酸异丙酯，但毒性更高。

Ensartinib(X-396)是一种有效和具有口服活性的ALK MET双重抑制剂，恩沙替尼可用于治疗ALK阳性的非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)。

Glycerol 是甘油三酯（即脂肪和油）和磷脂的重要成分。它在食品工业中被广泛用作甜味剂和保湿剂以及药物制剂。

HIV-1 inhibitor-41 (Compound B23) 是口服有效的非核苷 HIV-1 逆转录酶抑制剂，其对突变型 E138K 菌株和 HIV-1 野生型的EC50值分别为 50 nM 和 20.8 nM。HIV-1 inhibitor-41 表现出低 hERG 抑制作用，没有明显 CYP 酶抑制活性，也没有急性毒性。

Valganciclovir 是ganciclovir 的原药，具有抗巨细胞病毒CMV 感染的活性。

HIV-1 inhibitor-40 (Compound 4ab) 是一种 HIV-1 非核苷型逆转录酶抑制剂 (NNRTI) (EC50: 1.9 nM)，体内没有明显急性毒性。HIV-1 inhibitor-40 对 CYP 的敏感性较低，作用于 CYP2C9 (IC50: 5.16 μM) 和 CYP2C19 (IC50: 4.51 μM)。