localization

FGTI-2734 是 有效的RAS C-末端法尼基转移酶 (FT) 和香叶烯基转移酶-1 (GGT-1) 抑制剂，IC50s 分别为 250 nM 和 520 nM。 它可以阻断 KRAS 的膜定位，从而解决 KRAS 耐药性问题，并抑制突变的 KRAS 胰腺肿瘤。

CCG-100602 是心肌蛋白相关转录因子 A 血清反应因子信号转导的特异性抑制剂。它抑制 PC-3 前列腺癌细胞中 RhoA C 介导的、SRF 驱动的荧光素酶表达，IC50为 9.8 µM。

INI-43 是Nuclear Import-43 的抑制剂，通过靶向 Kpnβ1 对各种宫颈和食管癌细胞系显示出显着的细胞毒性作用，并干扰 Kpnβ1 和已知的 Kpnβ1 cargo 蛋白、NFAT、NFκB、AP-1和NFY 的核定位。

APX2039 是一种口服有效的真菌 Gwt1 酶 (fungal Gwt1 enzyme) 抑制剂，是新型Gwt2096抑制剂APX1的前药。APX2039 对 C. neoformans 和 C. gattii 展现出极强的抗氪球菌活性。APX2039 具有有效的抗真菌活性，科阻断 GPI (糖基磷脂酰肌醇)锚定细胞壁甘露蛋白的定位。APX2039 可用于研究隐球菌脑膜炎 (CM) 。

Catalase 是重要的抗氧化酶,在清除 ROS 及维持氧化还原状态的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。Catalase 与肿瘤的发生,发展关系密切。有潜力用于肿瘤的预防研究。

(-)-Epicatechin (Epicatechin) 是一种 COX-1 的抑制剂，通过阻断 NF-κB 的 p65 亚基的核定位来抑制 IL-1β 诱导的 iNOS 表达。

Lipase, triacylglycerol（三酰甘油脂肪酶）是一种在三酰基甘油分解为甘油和脂肪酸过程中起重要作用的特异性酶，是将脂肪酸转移到身体各个组织所必需的，其转录收到转录受到营养 激素的调节，能够被PPARγ上调、TNFα下调、胰岛素介导FOXO1核定位下调。

Methylene Violet 3RAX 是一种阳离子染料，是光动力疗法中的潜在光敏剂，具有抗肿瘤活性，能够改变 DNA 的分子结构，破坏 DNA 的模块，诱导活性单线态氧的产生，用于染色细胞的线粒体。Methylene Violet 3RAX 抑制亚细胞定位癌细胞，通过切断肿瘤细胞中的 DNA 链导致细胞死亡。

Rhodblock 6 是一种 Rho 激酶 (ROCK) 抑制剂，可抑制磷酸化 MRLC（肌球蛋白调节轻链）定位,通过特异性抑制 Rho 激酶的活性发挥作用。

Nur77 modulator 1 可与Nur77结合，KD 为 3.58 μM。它上调 Nur77 表达，介导Nur77亚细胞定位，诱导Nur77 依赖的内质网应激和自噬，可导致细胞凋亡，Nur77 modulator 1显示出抗肝癌生物活性。

FGTI-2734 mesylate, a RAS C-terminal mimetic compound with dual farnesyl transferase (FT) and geranylgeranyl transferase-1 (GGT) inhibitory activities (IC50s of 250 nM and 520 nM for FT and GGT, respectively), mitigates KRAS resistance by preventing its membrane localization, effectively impeding mutant KRAS patient-derived pancreatic tumors.

Ouabain octahydrate (Acocantherine) 是一种强心苷，可抑制 Na(+) K(+) ATPase，有潜力用于充血性心力衰竭的研究。

Stauprimide is a non-broad spectrum inhibitor that binds to the MYC transcription factor NME2 and blocks its nuclear localization in ESCs, which causes down-regulation of MYC transcription.

NHTD是一种针对KRAS-PDEδ的抑制剂。该化合物主要通过靶向PDEδ的异戊烯基结合口袋来改变KRAS在细胞中的定位，有效抑制KRAS突变型癌细胞的增殖，并诱导细胞凋亡（Apoptosis）。此外，NHTD也被广泛应用于非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的KRAS驱动机制研究中。

PROTAC YAP degrader-1 是一种专门靶向YAP并抑制其核内定位的PROTAC化合物。该化合物由PROTAC靶蛋白配体NSC682769和E3泛素连接酶配体+Linker的偶联体(R,S,R)-AHPC-PEG2-C2-boc构成，使用的PROTAC Linker为Acid-PEG2-C2-Boc，而其靶蛋白配体活性对照为Demethyl-NSC682769。

ABCB1-IN-2 (compound 16q) 作为一种功能性抑制剂，它能直接作用于ABCB1蛋白并稳定其结构，而不干扰ABCB1的表达和亚细胞性定位。此化合物能有效增强MCF-7 ADR细胞对紫杉醇（PTX）的反应，通过增加PTX的内部积累并抑制ABCB1介导的荧光素Rh123的积累与排出。因此，ABCB1-IN-2展现出其强大的逆转多药耐药（MDR）能力，具有作为MDR逆转剂的潜力。

5-Aminofluorescein hydrochloride (5-AF hydrochloride)作为一种高效的荧光标记试剂，在细胞成像和分子探针领域得到了广泛应用。该化合物能够实现蛋白质位置的精确观测及其动态变化的追踪，为生物学研究提供关键视角。此外，5-Aminofluorescein hydrochloride在探测生物分子相互作用方面也显示出其重要价值，促进对复杂生物机制的理解。

TRF2-IN-1 (compound F2) 是一种高效的端粒重复结合因子 2 (telomere repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2)) 抑制剂，表现出抗增殖活性，并能诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。TRF2-IN-1 通过直接结合 TRF2TRFH 结构域，选择性地抑制 TRF2 蛋白的表达和端粒定位，展现出抗癌疗效，并具有研究骨肉瘤的潜力。

SBI-0087702 促进黑色素瘤细胞中ATF2的细胞质定位，并诱导ATF2转移至线粒体，导致线粒体膜完整性丧失和细胞凋亡增加。SBI-0087702 抑制黑色素瘤细胞的生长和运动，同时抑制PKCε对Thr52位点的ATF2磷酸化。

YH16899 is a KRS-67LR interaction inhibitor by directly blocking the association between KRS and 67LR, suppressing the dynamic movement of the N-terminal extension of KRS and reducing membrane localization of KRS.

β-Defensin-2 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius.2β-Defensin-2 (30 μg/ml) stimulates gene expression and production of IL-6, IL-10, CXCL10, CCL2, MIP-3α, and RANTES by keratinocytes.3It also stimulates calcium mobilization, migration, and proliferation of keratinocytes when used at concentrations of 30, 10, and 40 μg/ml, respectively. β-Defensin-2 induces IL-31 production by human peripheral blood-derived mast cellsin vitrowhen used at a concentration of 10 μg/ml and by rat mast cellsin vivofollowing a 500 ng intradermal dose.4Expression of β-defensin-2 is increased in psoriatic skin and chronic wounds.5,6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 3.Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Nakano, N., et al.Antimicrobial peptides human β-defensins stimulate epidermal keratinocyte migration, proliferation and production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokinesJ. Invest. Dermatol.127(3)594-604(2007) 4.Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Hara, M., et al.Antimicrobial peptides human β-defensins and cathelicidin LL-37 induce the secretion of a pruritogenic cytokine IL-31 by human mast cellsJ. Immunol.184(7)3526-3534(2010) 5.Huh, W.-K., Oono, T., Shirafuji, Y., et al.Dynamic alteration of human β-defensin 2 localization from cytoplasm to intercellular space in psoriatic skinJ. Mol. Med. (Berl.)80(10)678-684(2002) 6.Butmarc, J., Yufit, T., Carson, P., et al.Human β-defensin-2 expression is increased in chronic woundsWound Repair Regen.12(4)439-443(2004)

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7

SN50M (NF-κB Control) 是一种含有疏水区和突变核定位序列的合成肽，可进入细胞，但不抑制 NF-κB 核易位，不诱导细胞凋亡。