leishmaniasis

Dapsone (Sulphadione) 是具有口服活性和血脑渗透通透性的磺酰类抗生素，具有抑菌、抗细菌和抗原虫活性。它有抗麻风活性，抑制麻风杆菌细胞提取物中叶酸的合成。它可研究皮肤病。

N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide 用于合成共聚物，用于靶向递送内脏利什曼病中的抗寄生虫剂。

Paromomycin Sulfate (Aminosidine sulfate) 是一种广谱氨基糖苷类抗生素 ，是具有杀螨杀菌作用的新霉素衍生物。它通过与细菌 30S 核糖体 A 位点的 RNA 寡核苷酸特异性结合，使 mRNA 的翻译提前终止，并抑制蛋白质合成。它可研究细菌和寄生虫感染。

Niranthin 是一种木脂素，具有广泛的药理活性。它是L. donovaniIB 拓扑异构酶的非竞争性抑制剂，可用于研究耐药利什曼病的治疗。

DNDI-6148 具有抗实验性皮肤利什曼病活性，通过抑制利什曼原虫裂解和多聚腺苷酸化特异性因子 （CPSF3） 核酸内切酶起作用，可用于研究内脏利什曼病。

Miltefosine (HePC) 是一种广谱抗微生物剂，是治疗内脏和皮肤利什曼病的药物。它是 CTP 磷酸胆碱胞苷基转移酶的抑制剂。

Acivicin (AT-125) 是一种由猪链霉菌产生的氯化氨基酸抗生素，是一种可以透过血脑屏障的 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶 (GGT) 抑制剂，具有抗癌和抗寄生虫活性，可用于研究内脏利什曼病。

PK 11195 (RP 52028) 是一种用于神经成像的 TSPO 配体，对 CoCl2 诱导的改变表现出显着的保护能力，可用于研究利什曼病。

Antileishmanial agent-31 (Compound p1) 是吡唑衍生物，具有抗利什曼原虫的活性，IC50为35.53 μg mL，并且具备良好的稳定性。Antileishmanial agent-31 可用于抗利什曼病的研究。

Benzoxonium chloride, The topical treatment of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis with the tincture of thioxolone plus benzoxonium chloride (Thio-Ben) along with cryotherapy.

Aminoquinol diphosphate may be useful in the treatment of acute necrotising cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Aminoquinol triphosphate may be useful in the treatment of acute necrotising cutaneous leishmaniasis.

LXE408 is an orally active, kinetoplastid-selective proteasome inhibitor, exhibiting non-competitive inhibitory effects. It demonstrates an IC50 of 0.04 μM for L. donovani proteasome and an EC50 of 0.04 μM for L. donovani. Moreover, LXE408 shows limited ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier. Hence, LXE408 holds promise for advancing research in the field of visceral leishmaniasis (VL).

LXE408 fumarate 是一种口服有效的，非竞争性的，动素体选择性蛋白酶体 (proteasome) 抑制剂。LXE408 fumarate 抑制 L. donovani 蛋白酶体 (IC50=0.04 μM) 和 L. donovani (EC50=0.04 μM)。LXE408 fumarate 具有较弱的透过血脑屏障能力。LXE408 fumarate 具有用于内脏利什曼病 (VL) 研究的潜力。

PT4 可治疗皮肤利什曼病 (CL) ，它通过降低线粒体膜电位并增加活性氧的产生，从而寄生虫死亡。PT4 对两种利什曼原虫均产生效果，其对L. amazonensis 和L. braziliensis 的 IC50值分别为 125.18 和 233.18 μM。PT4 同时在体内具有有效的抗炎活性。

Antileishmanial agent-10 (Compound 7h) 是一种抗原虫 (antiprotozoal) 剂。

GNF6702 是一种选择性的动质体蛋白酶体 (kinetoplastid proteasome) 抑制剂。GNF6702 对利什曼病、南美锥虫病和人类非洲锥虫病小鼠模型中的寄生虫具有清除作用。

Trypanothione synthetase-IN-4 是一个 L. infantumTryS 抑制剂，其活性依赖于多胺底物的浓度。Trypanothione synthetase-IN-4 表现出较强的抗 leishmanicidal 效果 (EC50: 0.6 μM，SI (选择性指数): 35）。Trypanothione synthetase-IN-4 能够用于研究利什曼病。

Paromomycin (Sulfate Salt) is an aminoglycoside that is active against Gram-negative and many Gram-positive bacteria as well as some protozoa and cestodes. Paromomycin in combination with sodium stibogluconate has proven to be effective in African and Indian VL (visceral leishmaniasis) and improves survival in African VL[3]. PS (Paromomycin Sulfate) is effective for elimination of B. coli without hematological side effects[4]. The activity of phosphoglucose isomerase was slightly inhibited by 10(-3) M paromomycin sulfate while those of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were not inhibited[5]. In addition, with regard to correlation of endotoxemia with renal impairment, endogenous creatinine clearance and p-aminohippurate clearance were significantly improved (P less than 0.02) in those patients whose endotoxemia disappeared on paromomycin sulfate administration. Paromomycin sulfate seems to be effective in the prevention of endotoxemia and the associated renal impairment in cirrhosis in man[6]. Significantly higher frequencies of resistance to paromomycin, kanamycin, neomycin and tobramycin were observed in S. aureus isolates from PS (paromomycin supplemented) birds. Paromomycin supplementation resulted in resistance to aminoglycosides in bacteria of PS turkeys. Co-selection for resistance to other antimicrobial agents was observed in E. coli isolates[7].

Antimony potassium tartrate trihydrate 是一种有效的催吐剂, 用于治疗血吸虫病和利什曼病。

Aurachin D是一种具有细胞毒性的喹诺酮，靶向Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) cytochrome bd (cyt-bd)氧化酶，作为抗生素对malaria, Plasmodium spp, T. cruzi and Leishmania donovani, 可用于研究内脏利什曼病。

Calceolarioside A shows potent activity against visceral leishmaniasis. It can induce a dose-related aggregant effect on rabbit platelets, which may be partly related to a calcium-dependent mechanism. Calceolarioside A also has potent antioxidative activi

Lyoniside and saracoside are cytotoxic to promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, they demonstrate strong anti-leishmanial efficacies in BALB c mice model of leishmaniasis, suggests that these two compounds potential anti-leishmanial candidates. The