germination

Soporidine 是由寄生植物 Striga hermonthica 萌发的拮抗剂。它能够特异性抑制 S. hermonthica 独脚金内酯受体，阻碍寄生虫的萌发。

Germination-IN-2 (compound 15) 是一种有效的发芽抑制剂 (IC50: 1.3 μM)，具有抗发芽作用（发芽率=3%）。

Germination-IN-1 (compound 11) 是一种有效的发芽抑制剂 (IC50: 4 μM)，具有抗发芽作用（发芽率=14%）。

Pyrimorph 是一种杀真菌剂，对 oomycetes 具有良好抑菌活性。

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) 是内源性代谢产物的一种。

2,5-Dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone 是一种天然产物，具有抗菌活性，可降低12个不同属6种真菌的营养生长并抑制孢子萌发。

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid potassium salt (1-NAA Potassium Salt) 是一种合成的植物生长素，能够促进植物生长，也是一种PLA2抑制剂，IC50=13.16 μM。

Abscisic Acid (Dormin) 是具有口服活性的植物激素，存在于蔬菜和水果中，也是内源性的哺乳动物激素。它是生长抑制剂，可以调节植物生长发育。他抑制质子泵，并导致 Ca2+依赖性的质膜去极化。它是 LANCL2 的天然配体，属于胰岛素敏感化合物，在糖尿病前期，2 型糖尿病和代谢综合征的研究中具有价值。

Germinone A (3-Methyl-5-((3-nitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)furan-2(5H)-one) 是一种新型强效 HTL KAI2 激动剂，可刺激拟南芥种子萌发，在多种癌症中具有抗肿瘤活性。

Quinabactin (LC-66C6) 是一种有效的磺酰胺脱落酸 ABA 激动剂。Quinabactin 促进成年拟南芥和大豆植物的保卫细胞关闭、抑制水分流失，抑制种子萌发，提高耐旱性。

Dihydropinosylvin 是一种植物抗毒素，对枝孢枝孢菌、Botryodiplodia theobromae、黑曲霉和石化青霉具有抗真菌活性，对蜡状芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌也有很强的抗菌活性。双色高粱幼苗的种子和根伸长。

Encecalin and demethylencecalin are major phytotoxic compounds isolated from Helianthella quinquenervis (Hook) A Gray (Asteraceae), they inhibit photosystem II (from water to 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-1,4 p-benzo-quinone).They retard seed germinati

Dibenzylideneacetone (DBA) 作为一种抗真菌剂，特别针对Botrytis cinerea具有抑制作用，其IC50值为13.10 μg mL。该化合物在抑制B. cinerea生长方面表现出色，MIC值达到32 μg mL，而其对菌丝生长和孢子萌发的EC50值则分别为16.29 μg mL和14.64 μg mL。通过阻断几丁质酶活性，Dibenzylideneacetone有效防治樱桃番茄中的灰葡萄孢感染。

Pyrenocine A is a fungal metabolite that has been found inP. terrestrisand has diverse biological activities.1It inhibits the asexual spore germination of the plant pathogenic fungiF. oxysporum,F. solani,M. hiemalis, andR. stolonifer(EC50s = 14, 20, 20, and 25 μg ml, respectively). Pyrenocine A is active againstB. subtilis,S. aureus, andE. coli(IC50s = 30, 45, and 200 μg ml, respectively). It inhibits onion seedling elongation (EC50= 4 μg ml). Pyrenocine A is also a phytotoxin that inhibits lettuce seed germination and rice seedling elongation.2,3 1.Sparace, S.A., Reeleder, R.D., and Khanizadeh, S.Antibiotic activity of the pyrenocinesCan. J. Microbiol.33(4)327-330(1987) 2.Sato, H., Konoma, K., and Sakamura, S.Phytotoxins produced by onion pink root fungus, Pyrenochaeta terrestrisAgric. BioI. Chem.43(11)2409-2411(1979) 3.Sato, H., Konoma, K., Sakamura, S., et al.X-Ray crystal structure of pyrenocine A, a phytotoxin from Pyrenochaeta terrestrisAgric. BioI. Chem.45(3)795-797(1981)

N-benzoyl-L-aspartic acid(N-苯甲酰基-天冬氨酸)是Schizaphis graminum的苯甲醇代谢物，对水稻种子萌发具有抑制作用，常用于有机合成和生化实验。

Corypalmine 是一种来自黄连、紫瑾的生物碱，对植物病原孢子萌发和腐生真菌具有抑制作用。

ABA receptor agonist 1 (compound 4c) 作为一种脱落酸 (ABA) 受体激动剂，能在拟南芥和水稻中抑制种子萌发及幼苗生长，并在小麦与大豆中促进气孔关闭和增强抗旱性。

8-Epixanthatin, a light-induced growth inhibitor, mediates the phototropic curvature in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) hypocotyls, it can induce germination of O. cumana at nano- to micromolar concentrations. 8-Epixanthatin has antiprotozoal activity.

Sphynolactone-7 (SPL7) acts as an agonist for the Striga hyposensitive to light receptor 7 (ShHTL7) found in the parasitic plant Striga hermonthica. SPL7 selectively targets ShHTL7 with an IC50 of 0.31 µM, demonstrating higher specificity compared to ShHTL2-6, ShHTL9-10, and the strigolactone receptor AtD14 at a concentration of 10 µM, though it still inhibits ShHTL8 and ShHTL11 with IC50s of 1.2 and 7.8 µM, respectively. This compound triggers fatal germination of Striga hermonthica seeds in the absence of a host by inducing suicidal germination at a minimum effective concentration of 10 fM. Additionally, SPL7 can reduce the emergence of this obligate parasite from the soil and alleviate Striga hermonthica-induced senescence in maize when applied at a 10 nM concentration to the soil of maize and Striga hermonthica seed co-cultures.

Orobanchyl acetate is a germination stimulant for root parasitic plants.

5-Deoxystrigol 是一种高活性的独脚金发芽刺激剂。对 D-半乳糖胺（D-GalN）诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤有保护作用，对 CCl4诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤有保护作用。

Harpagoside 是从爪钩草中分离出来的一种天然产物，可抑制COX-1和COX-2活性，并抑制 NO 的产生。

A mixture of (E)-octadecyl p-coumarate and (Z)-octadecyl p-coumarate has antifungal activity , it shows the dose dependent inhibition of the spore germination of Alternaria alternata and A. porri.

Sphingosine (d14:1) is a bioactive sphingolipid that has been found in B. mori (silkworm), P. clarkii (crayfish), and A. aurita (jellyfish) extracts. It increases the germination rate of N. rileyi, an entomopathogenic fungus, with an EC50 value of 10.2 nM. Sphingosine (d14:1) inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) in vitro (IC50 = 7.3 mol%) as well as superoxide generation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in neutrophils and reduces growth of CHO cells (IC50s = 19 and 8 μM, respectively).