follicle

Sandalore 通过减少细胞凋亡和增加外根鞘中延长生长期的生长因子 IGF-1 的产生来延长人类头发的生长。 Sandalore 是嗅觉受体 OR2AT4 的选择性激动剂。

Minoxidil sulfate (U-58838) 是米诺地尔的硫酸代谢物，是ATP 敏感的 K+通道激动剂。它被认为是血管扩张试剂，在动物实验模型中，促进头发生长。

卵泡刺激素(Follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH)为一种由垂体前叶分泌的异二聚体糖蛋白，其参与调控动物的生殖能力与繁殖效率。

Norgestrel (WY-3707) 是一种孕酮的合成类似物，是一种口服避孕药中常见的化合物，也是一种神经保护性强抗氧化剂，能够防止光诱导的感光细胞中的ROS 的生成以及细胞死亡。

ADX61623 作为一种有效的促卵泡激素受体(FSHR)的负变构调节剂(NAM)，其对促黄体激素受体(LH-R)也表现出活性，但对促甲状腺激素(TSH)受体则无活性。此化合物可应用于研究雌激素依赖性疾病。

KF-19418为一种毛囊刺激剂，能在体外直接作用于毛囊，并在体内展示促进毛发生长的效能。

FSH receptor antagonist 1 (compound 10) 是一种高效的G(s)蛋白偶联人类促卵泡激素 (FSH) 受体拮抗剂，在表达人类FSH受体的细胞系中的IC50值为28 nM。该化合物在体外小鼠模型中显著抑制卵泡生长和排卵。

Nafarelin acetate(76932-56-4 free base) (RS-94991-298) 是一种 GnRH 激动剂，可作为 GnRH 的类似物。 Nafarelin acetate(76932-56-4 free base) 导致促性腺激素促黄体激素 (LH) 和促卵泡激素 (FSH) 的垂体分泌减少。它可用于治疗雌激素依赖性病症。

Clomifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), it has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ov

Triptorelin acetate(57773-63-4 free base) (CL 118,532) 用作 GnRH 激动剂。它通过引起垂体的持续刺激来减少垂体促性腺激素促黄体激素 (LH) 和促卵泡激素 (FSH) 的分泌。曲普瑞林可用于治疗激素反应性癌症，如乳腺癌或前列腺癌、性早熟、雌激素依赖性疾病和辅助生殖。

Relugolix (RVT-601) 是口服有活性的非肽性促性腺激素释放激素的拮抗剂。同 TAK-013 相比，它对人和猴子的受体具有高亲和力和强拮抗活性，它们的 IC50值分别为0.33 nM 和0.32 nM。它可用于研究性激素依赖性疾病，如子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症、前列腺癌等。

17α,20β-Dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17α,20β-DHP) is an endogenous, maturation-inducing steroid that stimulates oocyte maturation in females of several teleost species. For example, 1 μg ml of 17α,20β-DHP applied to Persian sturgeon oocytes has been shown to effectively induce germinal vesicle breakdown, an essential step during oocyte maturation.1 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and the gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, have been shown to stimulate the production of 17α,20β-DHP either in vivo or in vitro.[2] 17α,20β-DHP has also been reported to influence spermiation by stimulating milt production when administered at 5 mg kg to various male teleosts.[1]

Propylparaben sodium (propyl parahydroxybenzoate) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial preservative found in plants and bacteria. Widely utilized in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods, this compound impairs antral follicle growth and steroidogenic function by modifying the cell-cycle, apoptosis, and steroidogenesis pathways. Additionally, propylparaben sodium reduces sperm count and motility in rats.

Gonadorelin HCl, as a decapeptide, can stimulate the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE, and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.

Cetrorelix diacetate (NS-75A) 是GnRH 受体的强效拮抗剂(IC50:1.21 nM)。

Loureirin A 是一种黄酮类物质，从龙血树中分离得到，能够降低Akt 的磷酸化，具有抗血小板聚集作用。

Lutropin 是一种异二聚体糖蛋白，是一种由垂体前叶促性腺细胞产生的激素，对卵泡的发育具有刺激作用。Lutropin 能够用于研究不孕症。

Nafarelin is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) which acts as an analog of GnRH. Nafarelin increases the release of FSH and LH by the anterior pituitary, which in turn leads to an increase of estrogen progesterone. When administered, Nafarelin has the purpose of causing increase estrogen that will negatively feed back upon hypothalamus to decrease GnRH ( negative feedback loop ) Through negative feedback, Nafarelin causes a decrease in pituitary secretion of gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Nafarelin may be used in the treatment of estrogen-dependent conditions (such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids), to treat central precocious puberty, and to control ovarian stimulation in IVF. It is normally delivered via a nasal spray. Nafarelin acetate is marketed by Searle (now part of Pfizer) under the brand name Synarel.

Ozarelix is a fourth generation GnRH antagonist, induces apoptosis in hormone refractory androgen receptor negative prostate cancer cells modulating expression and activity of death receptors. Mechanistically, LHRH antagonists exert rapid inhibition of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone with an accompanying rapid decrease in sex hormones and would therefore be expected to be effective in a variety of hormonally dependent disease states including ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, uterine myoma and endometriosis. BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that is caused by testosterone. Unlike LHRH agonists, ozarelix has the potential to reduce testosterone just enough to reduce both prostate size and symptoms without the severe side effects associated with a reduction in testosterone.

Dicetrorelix pamoate is a synthetic decapeptide with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic activity. GnRH induces the production and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from the gonadotrophic cells of the anterior pituitary. Due to a positive estradiol (E2) feedback at midcycle, GnRH liberation is enhanced resulting in an LH-surge. This LH-surge induces the ovulation of the dominant follicle, resumption of oocyte meiosis and subsequently luteinization as indicated by rising progesterone levels. Cetrorelix competes with natural GnRH for binding to membrane receptors on pituitary cells and thus controls the release of LH and FSH in a dose-dependent manner. Cetrorelix binds to the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor and acts as a potent inhibitor of gonadotropin secretion. It competes with natural GnRH for binding to membrane receptors on pituitary cells and thus controls the release of LH and FSH in a dose-dependent manner......

Triptorelin, a decapeptide (pGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Trp-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2), is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) used as the acetate or pamoate salts. By causing constant stimulation of the pituitary, it decreases pituitary secretion of gonadotropins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Like other GnRH agonists, triptorelin may be used in the treatment of hormone-responsive cancers such as prostate cancer or breast cancer, precocious puberty, estrogen-dependent conditions (such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids), and in assisted reproduction. It is also used as therapy for gender identity disorder.

FSHR agonist 1是一种对卵泡刺激素(FSH)受体(FSHR)具有高亲和力并能引起变构的激动剂，具有pEC50值为7.72。它通过与TMD广泛相互作用直接激活FSHR。

Urofollitropin是从更年期人类尿液中提取的蛋白质，具有促进卵泡发育和成熟的作用，但其含有的尿蛋白量极少。

Ganirelix为一种竞争性且选择性的促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)拮抗剂，其主要作用机制为抑制内源性GnRH，从而抑制黄体生成素(LH)及促卵泡激素的释放。