decarboxylation

Pheneturide (Benuride) 是Phenobarbita l 脱羧后的产物，可阻止精神运动性癫痫发作。

L-DOPA（Levodopa）是一种具有口服活性的神经递质多巴胺的代谢前体，能够透过血脑屏障并在大脑中转化为多巴胺，具有抗痛觉过敏作用，在帕金森氏病研究中具有潜力，并可用于诱导帕金森病模型。

Histamine 是一种由组氨酸酶促脱羧生成的有机含氮胺，参与局部免疫反应，调节肠道生理功能，并作为中枢神经递质发挥作用。它是强效的胃酸分泌兴奋剂、支气管平滑肌收缩剂和血管扩张剂，常用于诱导胃溃疡动物模型。

Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279) 是在脑黑质、脑腹侧被盖区和下丘脑中产生的一种天然儿茶酚胺，由二羟基苯丙氨酸脱羧形成，是去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素的前体。它通过 D2 多巴胺受体来诱导 VEGFR2 的内吞作用，有促进血管生成活性。

Pyridoxal phosphate (Vitamin B6 phosphate) 是维生素 B6 的活性形式，可抑制逆转录酶活性，用于研究迟发性运动障碍症。

Phenylpropiolic acid (3-Phenylpropiolic acid) 是一种酶灭火剂，可用于钯催化的脱羧偶联反应。

Thiamine pyrophosphate (Cocarboxylase) 是维生素 B1 的辅酶形式，是丙酮酸脱氢酶复合物和酮戊二酸脱氢酶复合物的必需中间体，能够用于研究评估生物系统中的脱羧机制。

Tyramine hydrochloride 是一种氨基酸，有助于调节血压。其中 Tyramine 天然存在于体内，并存在于某些食物中。

Succinyl phosphonate 是一种 α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶 (α-KGDHC ) 和 OGDHC 抑制剂，抑制 α-酮戊二酸氧化脱羧。Succinyl phosphonate trisodium salt 抑制谷氨酸诱导的谷氨酸刺激的海马神经元中的 ROS 产生，可用于研究神经退行性疾病。

α-Lipoic acid is a cyclic disulfide antioxidant that interconverts with its reduced dithiol form. It is an essential cofactor for decarboxylation reactions of the citric acid cycle and acts as a general antioxidant. AN-7 is a more lipophilic analog of α-lipoic acid with enhanced potency and 1.5-fold increased maximal capacity to stimulate glucose transport into myocytes. This identifies the analogs of lipoic acid as potential new treatments for diabetes.

3-Iodothyronamine is derived from the deiodination and decarboxylation of endogenous thyroxine. It activates the G protein-coupled receptor known as trace amine-associated receptor 1 at nanomolar concentrations whereupon it rapidly influences thyroid hormone actions including body temperature, heart rate, and cardiac output. It has also been reported to function in controlling lipid and glucose utilization, hormonal secretion, and neuronal function, and has been considered for use in chemically-induced hibernation for medical purposes.

Alamandine can be formed from angiotensin A by action of ACE-2 or directly from angiotensin-(1-7) by decarboxylation of its aspartate residue. The angiotensin A analog produces effects resembling those of Ang II (1-7). However, it acts independently of the two known vasodilators receptors of the RAS (Mas and angiotensin II type 2). To produce its effects, alamandine binds to the Mas-related receptor, MrgD. A novel orally active formulation of alamandine produced a long-term antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats and cardioprotective effects. These novel findings will be helpful for developing a new understanding of the RAS, a key regulator of blood pressure and fluid balance. The heptapeptide could serve as a model peptide, e.g. in the development and evaluation of analytical methods.

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) 是一种存在于哺乳动物体内的磷脂，通过磷酯酰丝氨酸的脱羧作用形成。

(±)-Jasmonic acid (trans-Jasmonic acid) 是一种在葡萄藤花序和果实中存在的化合物，具有促衰老活性，对细胞增殖居于偶可降低绿色和黄化大麦叶段中的叶绿素水平，抑制水稻幼苗的伸长，通过脱羧与源自脂肪族和芳香族 α-氨基酸的不同生物胺化学偶联。

Tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC; TyrDC)，即酪氨酸脱羧酶，广泛存在于植物、昆虫和不同微生物中，常用于生化研究。Tyrosine decarboxylase 是一种5'-磷酸吡哆醛 (PLP) 依赖性脱羧酶，可以催化酪氨酸中羧基的去除，产生酪胺和二氧化碳。

Isocitrate dehydrogenase(ICDH) 异柠檬酸脱氢酶是一种柠檬酸或三羧酸循环酶，常用于生化研究。Isocitrate dehydrogenase 催化异柠檬酸氧化脱羧生成 α-酮戊二酸，并将 NAD(P)+还原为 NAD(P)H，在细胞代谢中起重要作用。

Vinclozolin M2, an active metabolite of vinclozolin, is generated through successive esterase activity and decarboxylation in C. elegans, as well as decarboxylation in human liver microsomes. It functions as an antagonist to the mineralocorticoid (IC50= 1,400 nM) and androgen receptors (IC50= 0.17 nM), demonstrated in reporter assays with MCF-7 cells. This compound is exclusively sold for research and analytical purposes, tailored for controlled laboratory use, and is not available in bulk sizes.

Fmoc-L-Lys(4-N3-Z)-OH 是一种具备叠氮基功能的化学试剂,并作为SPPS中的赖氨酸构建块,用于生物正交连接、红外探针及光亲和试剂.此化合物通过细菌诱导的1,3-偶极环加成反应,可以进行反式环辛烯醇脱羧.作为点击化学工具,Fmoc-L-Lys(4-N3-Z)-OH 含有Azide基团,能与含Alkyne基团的分子通过铜催化的叠氮-炔环加成反应(CuAAc)产生作用,亦可与含DBCO或BCN基团的分子进行细菌诱导的炔-叠氮环加成反应(SPAAC).

L-Dopa-2,5,6-d3 是 L-Dopa 的氘代化合物。L-Dopa 的 CAS 号为 59-92-7。Levodopa 是的神经递质多巴胺的代谢前体，具有口服活性。Levodopa 能够透过血脑屏障，并在大脑中转化为多巴胺。Levodopa具有抗痛觉过敏作用。Levodopa还具有帕金森氏病的研究潜力。