antibacterial compound 2

Antibacterial compound 2 是一种有效的抗菌剂，对许多人类兽医病原体有效，对多重耐药葡萄球菌、肠球菌和链球菌，以及厌氧菌有抑制作用。

Thiocillin I is a thiopeptide antibiotic and has in vitro antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterial strains(MIC of Thiocillin I against S. aureus 1974149, E. faecalis 1674621, B. subtilis ATCC 6633 and S. pyogenes 1744264 are 2 μg/mL, 0.5 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively).

AVX 13616 shows the potent in vivo antibacterial activity of Avexa’s lead antibacterial candidate; particularly against drug-resistant Staphylococcus pathogens. IC50 value: 2-4 ug/ml (MICs) Target: antibacterial agent AVX13616 was as active as mupirocin i

Ppc-1 is a chemical compound known for its inhibitory effects on the Gram-negative periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. It acts as a mitochondrial uncoupler, enhancing mitochondrial oxygen consumption without affecting ATP production. Additionally, Ppc-1 serves as a cell-permeate inhibitor of interleukin-2 (IL-2). This compound exhibits various beneficial activities, including anti-obesity, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Amifloxacin (Win49375) 是有效的喹诺酮类抗菌剂。

Apoptosisinducer 26 (化合物 [AgCl(dap2SH)(PPh3)2]) 作为一种基于单核 Ag(I) 配体的化合物，展现出针对多种细菌菌株和癌症细胞系的显著抗菌及抗癌活性。该化合物可促使 Ag(I) 离子在细菌的周质中聚集，有效地抑制革兰氏(+)和革兰氏(-)细菌的增长。此外，Apoptosisinducer 26 还能够介入 CT DNA 的碱基对之间，引发 A549 细胞的凋亡过程，并具备清除自由基的功能，有助于防御氧化压力。

Antibacterialagent 255 (compound (±)-1) 是一种有效的抗菌剂，作为4-二磷酸胞苷-2-C-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇 (4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol (IspE)) 的选择性抑制剂，其对EclspE、KplspE、AblspE 的IC50值分别为13.0 µM、8.0 µM、20 µM。

Antimicrobial agent-35 (Compound c9) 在抑制S. aureus，E. coli，E. faecalis和S. maltophilia方面展现出显著的抗菌活性，其MIC范围为0.5-2 μg/mL。同时，该化合物对HT-22细胞具有一定的细胞毒性，IC50为130.4 μg/mL。

抗神经炎药物 2 (compound 4) 具有抗神经炎和抗菌特性，其对 TNF-α 的IC50值为 3.06 µM，对IL-6的IC50值为 4.31 µM，而对革兰氏阳性菌的EC50值介于 0.87 至 3.16 µM。

ROS inducer 8 (Compound 11g) 是一种谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 抑制剂，能在粪肠球菌Enterococcus faecalis中诱导ROS积累，展示抗菌活性。该化合物可破坏生物膜，MIC为8 μg/mL对S. aureus有效，对E. faecalis则为2 μg/mL，同时具有后抗生素效应。此外，ROS inducer 8 对绵羊红细胞展现出低溶血毒性（HC50> 1280 μg/mL）。

Antibacterialagent 272 (Compound Z22) 是一种以 DNA 及 DNA-拓扑异构酶 II (DNA-Topo II) 复合物为靶点的潜在抗菌剂。它对 Staphylococcus aureus 25923 和 29213 的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为 1 μg/mL，对 Staphylococcus epidermidis 12228 为 2 μg/mL，对 Enterococcus faecalis 为 2 - 4 μg/mL，而对 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9027 和 27853 为 4 μg/mL，显示出显著的抗菌活性。通过嵌入结合 DNA 碱基对，Antibacterialagent 272 干扰细菌 DNA 的正常功能，可用于细菌感染疾病的研究。

FtsZ-IN-13 (Compound C11) 是 FtsZ 的抑制剂，对 FtsZSa 的IC50值为 47.97 μM，对 FtsZPa 为 34 μM。FtsZ-IN-13 对金黄色葡萄球菌 (最低抑菌浓度为 2 μg/mL)、包括囊性纤维化金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 显示出很强的抗菌活性。FtsZ-IN-13 可应用于抗菌素耐药性研究。

Florfenicol-propanoate-piperidin (Compound 1) 是 Florfenicol 的一种衍生物，展示了抗菌活性。它能够抑制 E. coli ATCC25922、Salmonella CICC110420、S. aureus ATCC29213、B. subtilis CMCC(B)63501、E. faecalis ATCC29212、S. suis CVCC606 和 Haemophilus parasuis，最低抑制浓度（MIC）为 2-8 μM。

PD-L1/LpxC-IN-1 (Compound 12b) 是一种同时抑制PD-L1和LpxC的化合物，其IC50分别为5.2 μM和0.081 μM。该化合物通过抑制细菌脂多糖的生物合成，导致细菌细胞裂解和死亡，对革兰氏阴性菌如K. pneumoniaeATCC 13883、E. coliATCC 8739、S. typhimuriumATCC 14028和P. aeruginosaATCC 9027展示出较好的抑菌效果，MIC为0.25-0.5 μg/mL。此外，PD-L1/LpxC-IN-1 可下调炎症因子IL-2和IFN-γ的表达，同时上调CD4+和CD8+细胞的表达，激活免疫系统并抑制过度炎症反应，并在K. pneumoniaeATCC 13883感染的小鼠模型中显示出显著的抗菌活性。

Antibiofilm agent-8 (compound Ru2) 在可见光照射下 (400-700 nm, 10 J cm-2) 增强抗菌效果。Antibiofilm agent-8 通过NADH氧化和ROS生成引发氧化应激，从而破坏细菌细胞壁。

Antimicrobial agent-32 (Compound 4g) 是一种抗菌剂，对多种细菌包括Staphylococcus aureus、Bacillus subtilis、和Bacillus cereus表现出显著的活性(MIC=1000 µg/mL)，并对Klebsiella pneumonia和Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)的活性更强(MIC=500 µg/mL)，而对Escherichia coli的MIC为250 µg/mL。此外，Antimicrobial agent-32 还能抑制MCF-7、HCT-116和HepG-2细胞的增殖，具有抗癌活性。

Antibacterialagent 226 (Compound 7f) 是一种抗菌剂，可抑制Staphylococcus aureus菌株及耐甲氧西林S. aureus菌株，MIC为2 μg/mL。同时，Antibacterialagent 226 在HEK293细胞中表现出细胞毒性，IC50为1.9 μM。

Antibacterialagent 228 (Compound 8) 能抑制分枝杆菌核糖体，其对Mycobacterium smegmatis的IC50为2.31 μM，并对M. tuberculosis H37Rv [野生型和 Δ1258c 突变型的MIC分别为2和0.25 μg/mL]、M. abscessus ATCC 19977 [野生型和 Δ2780c 突变型的MIC均为8 μg/mL]以及M. smegmatis (MIC=8 μg/mL) 展示了抗菌活性。

SARS-CoV-2 Mpro-IN-21 (compound A8) 是一种高效的SARS-CoV-2和COVID-19 Main Protease MPro抑制剂。在DPPH实验中展现出优异的抗氧化性能，IC50为0.36 mg/mL。此外，对Klebsiella具有显著的抑菌活性，其IC50为1.19 mg/mL。

Anti-MRSA agent 14 (Compound C17) 对 MRSA 和 MRSA 感染的小鼠皮肤模型展示抗菌效果，其对抗 MRSA 的效力超越 Norfloxacin。它能够破坏细胞膜并抑制代谢。Anti-MRSA agent 14 对 S. aureus ATCC 6538、S. aureus ATCC 29213、S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 和 MRSA 的抗菌 MIC 值分别为 1、2、2、1 μM。

Galegine hydrochloride, a guanidine derivative derived from G. officinalis, plays a role in inducing weight loss in mice and has contributed to the development of biguanides, including metformin and phenformin. This compound stimulates AMPK activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, L6 myotubes, H4IIE rat hepatoma, and HEK293 human kidney cell lines. Additionally, galegine hydrochloride exhibits antibacterial properties, particularly demonstrating a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus strains[1][2].

Ajoene is a disulfide that has been found inA. sativumand has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiplatelet, and antioxidant properties.1,2,3,4It is active against Gram-positive (MICs = 5-160 µg/ml) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 136-200 µg/ml), as well as yeasts (MICs = 10-20 µg/ml).1Ajoene is cytotoxic to mouse melanoma cells (IC50= 18 µM), as well as human colon, lung, mammary, and pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 7-41 µM).2It reduces tumor growth in a B16/BL6 mouse model of melanoma when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg every other day and decreases the number of lung metastases when administered prior to tumor cell inoculation at doses ranging from 1-25 mg/kg. It inhibits ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation in isolated baboon platelets when used at concentrations ranging from 75 to 150 µg/ml and in platelet-rich plasma isolated from baboons when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg.3Ajoene (25 mg/kg) prevents thrombus formation on damaged arterial walls in heparinized pigs in anin situmodel of thrombogenesis.5It also reduces high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, histopathological markers of liver damage, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and protein oxidation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).4 1.Naganawa, R., Iwata, N., Ishikawa, K., et al.Inhibition of microbial growth by ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlicAppl. Environ. Microbiol.62(11)4238-4242(1996) 2.Taylor, P., Noriega, R., Farah, C., et al.Ajoene inhibits both primary tumor growth and metastasis of B16/BL6 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 miceCancer Lett.239(2)298-304(2006) 3.Teranishi, K., Apitz-Castro, R., Robson, S.C., et al.Inhibition of baboon platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo by the garlic derivative, ajoeneXenotransplantation10(4)374-379(2003) 4.Han, C.Y., Ki, S.H., Kim, Y.W., et al.Ajoene, a stable garlic by-product, inhibits high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative injury through LKB1-dependent AMPK activationAntioxid. Redox Signal.14(2)187-202(2011) 5.Apitz-Castro, R., Badimon, J.J., and Badimon, L.A garlic derivative, ajoene, inhibits platelet deposition on severely damaged vessel wall in an in vivo porcine experimental modelThromb. Res.75(3)243-249(1994)

Bismuth subcarbonate, also known as bismuth carbonate oxide, is a versatile semiconductor compound based on bismuth, commonly utilized for its antibacterial properties, as well as in various applications such as sensors, super capacitors, and photocatalysts. Additionally, bismuth subcarbonate serves as a protective agent against gastric acid erosion, particularly in the treatment of gastric ulcers[1][2].

2,6-Dimethylbenzoquinone (2,6-Dimethylquinone) 是一种苯醌，一种存在于呕吐萝芙木和 Tibouchina pulchra 中的化合物。在生理浓度下 2, 6-Dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone 是一种抗菌物质。