acyl-binding

ML318 是 PvdQ 酰基转移酶的联芳基腈抑制剂，可以结合在酰基结合位点上，IC50为 20 nM。它抑制铜绿假单胞菌的 IC50为 19 μM。它可防止嘧啶的产生并限制了铜绿假单胞菌在铁限制条件下的生长。

NITD-916 是一种具有口服活性和高度亲脂性的分枝杆菌烯酰还原酶 InhA 抑制剂，IC50 为 570 nM。NITD-916是一种有有效的 4-羟基-2-吡啶酮衍生物， 与 InhA 和 NADH 形成三元复合物，阻止进入脂肪酰基底物结合袋。NITD-916 具有抗结核活性。

PAF C-18:1 is a naturally occurring phospholipid produced by cells upon stimulation and plays a role in the establishment and maintenance of the inflammatory response. It is less potent than PAF C-16 and PAF C-18 in the induction of neutrophil chemotaxis, but is equipotent to PAF C-16 and PAF C-18 in promoting eosinophil migration. PAF C-18:1 activates the PAF receptor and has been used in antibody binding experiments to determine the importance of an acyl linkage at the sn-2 position for recognition at this receptor.

Ganglioside GM1is a monosialylated ganglioside and the prototypic ganglioside for those containing one sialic acid residue.1,2It is found in a large variety of cells, including immune cells and neurons, and is enriched in lipid rafts in the cell membrane.3It associates with growth factor receptors, including TrkA, TrkB, and the GDNF receptor complex containing Ret and GFRα, and is required for TrkA expression on the cell surface. Ganglioside GM1interacts with other proteins to increase calcium influx, affecting various calcium-dependent processes, including inducing neuronal outgrowth during differentiation. Ganglioside GM1acts as a receptor for cholera toxin, which binds to its oligosaccharide group, facilitating toxin cell entry into epithelial cells of the jejunum.4,5Similarly, it is bound by the heat-labile enterotoxin fromE. coliin the pathogenesis of traveler's diarrhea.6Ganglioside GM1gangliosidosis, characterized by a deficiency in GM1-β-galactosidase, the enzyme that degrades ganglioside GM1, leads to accumulation of the gangliosides GM1and GA1in neurons and can be fatal in infants.1Levels of ganglioside GM1are decreased in the substantia nigra pars compacta in postmortem brain from patients with Parkinson's disease.3Ganglioside GM1mixture contains a mixture of ovine ganglioside GM1molecular species with primarily C18:0 fatty acyl chain lengths, among various others. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1544] 1.Kolter, T.Ganglioside biochemistryISRN Biochem.506160(2012) 2.Mocchetti, I.Exogenous gangliosides, neuronal plasticity and repair, and the neurotrophinsCell Mol. Life Sci.62(19-20)2283-2294(2005) 3.Ledeen, R.W., and Wu, G.The multi-tasked life of GM1 ganglioside, a true factotum of natureTrends Biochem. Sci.40(7)407-418(2015) 4.Turnbull, W.B., Precious, B.L., and Homans, S.W.Dissecting the cholera toxin-ganglioside GM1 interaction by isothermal titration calorimetryJ. Am. Chem. Soc.126(4)1047-1054(2004) 5.Blank, N., Schiller, M., Krienke, S., et al.Cholera toxin binds to lipid rafts but has a limited specificity for ganglioside GM1Immunol. Cell Biol.85(5)378-382(2007) 6.Minke, W.E., Roach, C., Hol, W.G., et al.Structure-based exploration of the ganglioside GM1 binding sites of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin and cholera toxin for the discovery of receptor antagonistsBiochemistry38(18)5684-5692(1999)

Anandamide (arachidonoyl ethanolamide; AEA) is an endogenous lipid with cannabinergic activity; along with 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, it forms part of the endocannabinoid system. AEA undergoes reuptake into neurons by a facilitated process. Controversy exists as to whether there is a specific AEA transporter, or instead the uptake process is simply driven by hydrolysis of AEA by intracellular fatty acyl amide hydrolase (FAAH). CAY10412 is an analog of AEA that has no intrinsic binding affinity for either CB1 or CB2 receptors. It is a potent inhibitor of AEA reuptake in U937 lymphoma cells, with an IC50 of 3 μM. CAY10412 could be a useful tool for distinguishing the competing transporter theories. The pharmacology of CAY10412 is largely unexplored; it may enhance endocannabinoid signalling by augmenting endocannabinoid concentrations.

C2 Adamantanyl globotriaosylceramide (AdaGb3) is a bioactive sphingolipid and water-soluble form of globotriaosylceramide that contains an adamantanyl group in place of the fatty acyl chain. It inhibits Vero toxin binding to globotriaosylceramide in an ELISA assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. AdaGb3 decreases cell surface expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and reduces efflux of rhodamine 123 in MDCK cells. It also increases apical-to-basal transport of vinblastine in human intestinal C2BBe1 cells.

T863 (DGAT-3) 是口服有效的二酰基甘油酰基转移酶1 选择性抑制剂。T863结合DGAT1的酰基辅酶A 结合位点，抑制三酰甘油在细胞内的合成。

AMPK-α1β1γ1激活剂1 (M1) 是一个衍生于Indole-3-carcinoma的酰基葡萄糖醛酸代谢AMPK激活剂，专一性地针对人类β1亚型，表现出38.1nM的EC50值。该化合物能够直接结合至人AMPK α1β1γ1亚型，适用于糖尿病肾病的相关研究。

Doripenem is a broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from less than 0.015 to 0.3 µg ml. It has been proven to reduce the viable bacteria count in mouse lung models of chronic P. aeruginosa respiratory tract infection at a dosage of 100 mg kg per day. Doripenem operates by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through the formation of stable acyl-enzyme complexes with penicillin-binding proteins, leading to their inactivation. This compound has been utilized in various formulations for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Cholesteryl docosapentaenoate, a cholesterol ester, exhibits increased levels in the liver, plasma, and skeletal muscle of acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP) knockout mice relative to homozygous controls.