Nicotinamide-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nicotinamide by GC- or LC-MS. Nicotinamide is an amide form of niacin, which is also known as vitamin B3, that can be biosynthesized in vivo or obtained through the diet. It is a precursor in the synthesis of the metabolic cofactor NAD+ and an inhibitor of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1; IC50 = <50 µM). Nicotinamide (10 µM) increases the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) and the biosynthesis of ceramide, glucosylceramide, sphingomyelin, free fatty acids, and cholesterol in primary human keratinocytes. Nicotinamide (40 µM) induces apoptosis in SNU-398, SNU-739, and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and it prevents the formation of neoplastic lesions in a diethylnitrosamine-induced mouse model of HCC. Unlike niacin, nicotinamide does not reduce plasma lipid levels or induce flushing.
Vitamin A-d4 是 Vitamin A 的氘代化合物。Vitamin A 的 CAS 号为 68-26-8。Retinol 及其衍生物,在视网膜的代谢功能、上皮组织的生长和分化、骨骼的生长、生殖和免疫反应中起重要作用。膳食维生素 A 来源于植物中发现的多种类胡萝卜素。它富含肝脏、蛋黄和乳制品的脂肪成分。