urine protein 1)

trans-2-Hexadecenoyl-L-carnitine is an endogenous metabolite in urine[1]. [1]. Pengxiang She, et al. Leucine and protein metabolism in obese Zucker rats. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e59443.

Urofollitropin是从更年期人类尿液中提取的蛋白质，具有促进卵泡发育和成熟的作用，但其含有的尿蛋白量极少。

3-Aminoisobutyric acid, a non-protein amino acid resultant from thymine catabolism, plays a significant role in metabolic activities. At a 5 µM concentration, it triggers browning in primary adipocytes, notably elevating uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) and CIDEA expression. Additionally, it boosts PPARα expression in both primary adipocytes and mouse inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT) in vivo, alongside enhancing β-oxidation in hepatocytes. Its plasma levels surge post-exercise in mice, and its administration at 100 mg kg daily curtails weight gain and body fat without diminishing food consumption or hiking energy output, whilst ameliorating glucose tolerance. Notably, 3-aminoisobutyric acid concentrations are heightened in individuals with β-ureidopropionase deficiency, a genetic flaw impairing pyrimidine degradation, affecting plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid.