Resolvins are a family of potent lipid mediators derived from both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.[1] In addition to being anti-inflammatory, resolvins promote the resolution of the inflammatory response back to a non-inflamed state.[2] Resolvin D1 is produced physiologically from the sequential oxygenation of DHA by 15- and 5-lipoxygenase.[1] 17(R)-RvD1 is an aspirin-triggered epimer of RvD1 that reduces human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transendothelial migration, the earliest event in acute inflammation, with equipotency to RvD1 (EC50 = ~30 nM).[3] 17(R)-RvD1 exhibits a dose-dependent reduction in leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis with maximal inhibition of ~35% at a 100 ng dose.[3] In contrast to RvD1, the aspirin-triggered form resists rapid inactivation by eicosanoid oxidoreductases. Analytical and biological comparisons of synthetic 17(R)-RvD1 with endogenously derived 17(R)-RvD1 have confirmed its identity as matching the natural product.[4]
N-Oleoyl valine is an endogenous N-acyl amine that acts as an antagonist at the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 3 (TRPV3) receptor, which is involved in thermoregulation. N-Oleoyl valine is increased in mice following cold exposure for up to at least 16 days. Acute lung injury in mice increases the concentration of N-Oleoyl valine in lung tissue. N-acyl amines also promote mitochondrial uncoupling.
Bisandrographolide C is identified from Andrographis paniculata. Bisandrographolide C activates TRPV1 and TRPV3 channels (Kds: 289 and 341 μM) and protects cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury.
RN-9893 is an antagonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4; IC50s = 0.42 and 0.66 μM, respectively, for the human and rat receptors).1 It is selective for TRPV4 over TRPV1, TRPV3, and TRPM8 (IC50s = 10, >30, and 30 μM, respectively). RN-9893 reduces rat TRPV4 activity induced by 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate or hypotonicity (IC50s = 0.57 and 2.1 μM, respectively, in cell free assays).
|1. Wei, Z.L., Nguyen, M.T., O'Mahony, D.J., et al. Identification of orally-bioavailable antagonists of the TRPV4 ion-channel. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 25(18), 4011-4015 (2015).
Carvone (Standard) is the standard substance of Carvone, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Carvone is an agonist of TRPV3 found in spearmint oil. It suppresses cell proliferation in prostate cancer cells and inhibits the growth of Dermatophagoides.