tolerant

ONO-7475 是一种选择性的、有效的、具有口服活性的Axl Mer 抑制剂。它使 AXL 过表达的EGFR 突变型 NSCLC 细胞对 EGFR-TKIs 敏感，抑制耐药细胞的产生和耐药性的维持。它与 Osimertinib 联合使用，具有用于 EGFR 突变非小细胞肺癌的潜力。

Almonertinib (HS-10296) 是EGFR 激活突变抑制剂和EGFR T790M 耐受突变抑制剂，对 EGFR 致敏和 T790M 耐药突变具有高选择性，用于非小细胞肺癌的研究。它对 T790M、T790M L858R 和 T790M Del19 表现出较强的抑制活性，对野生型的抑制作用较弱。

Crebanine 是来自于韦诺萨千金藤的一种生物碱，通过抑制 MAPKs 和 Akt 信号通路表现出抗炎活性，还具有抗心律失常的作用。它可诱导人类癌细胞的 G1阻滞和凋亡。

Selenolanthionine is the major water-soluble selenium compound in the selenium tolerant plant Cardamine violifolia.

10-PAHSA is a newly identified endogenous lipid that belongs to a collection of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs). It is a FAHFA in which palmitic acid is esterified to 10-hydroxy stearic acid. Among the FAHFA family members, PAHSAs are the most abundant in the adipose tissue of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, which overexpress the Glut4 glucose transporter specifically in adipose tissue. As other FAHFAs improve glucose tolerance, stimulate insulin secretion, and have anti-inflammatory effects, 10-PAHSA may be a bioactive lipid with roles in metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are newly identified endogenous lipids regulated by fasting and high-fat feeding and associated with insulin sensitivity. Structurally, these esters are comprised of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) linked to either a C-16 or C-18 hydroxy substituent. 12-PAHSA is a FAHFA in which palmitic acid is esterified at the 12th carbon of hydroxy stearic acid. Among the FAHFA family members, PAHSAs are the most abundant in the adipose tissue of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, which overexpress the Glut4 glucose transporter specifically in adipose tissue. 12-PAHSA is present at 2- to 3-fold higher levels in adipose tissue of AG4OX mice compared to wild type mice. Levels of 12-PAHSA are also higher in fasted wild-type mice compared to fed mice and are reduced upon high-fat diet-induced obesity in insulin-resistant mice.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are newly identified endogenous lipids regulated by fasting and high-fat feeding and associated with insulin sensitivity. Structurally, these esters are comprised of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) linked to a hydroxylated C-16 or C-18 lipid. 9-PAHSA is a FAHFA in which palmitic acid is esterified to 9-hydroxy stearic acid. PAHSAs are the most abundant forms of FAHFA in serum as well as white and brown adipose tissues of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, which overexpress Glut4 specifically in adipose tissue. 9-PAHSA is the predominant isomer of PAHSA in wild type and AG4OX mice. It is found in humans and is reduced in the serum and adipose tissues of insulin-resistant humans. 9-PAHSA improves glucose tolerance, stimulates insulin secretion, and has anti-inflammatory effects in mice.

TFM is a piscicide.1It is toxic to sea lamprey (P. marinus) with LC50values ranging from 1.97 to 2.11 and 2.05 to 2.21 mg/L for sac and swim-up fry, respectively, 1.6 to 2.45 mg/L for juveniles, and 1.6 to 1.63 mg/L for adults. It is also toxic to juvenile lake sturgeon (A. fulvescens) less than 100 mm in size but not to a variety of other fish species. TFM (50 μM) uncouples oxidative phosphorylation by 22 and 28% in isolated sea lamprey and rainbow trout (O. mykiss) liver, respectively.2Formulations containing TFM have been used as lampricides in the control of larval sea lamprey populations. 1.Boogaard, M.A., Bills, T.D., and Johnson, D.A.Acute toxicity of TFM and a TFM/niclosamide mixture to selected species of fish, including lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) and mudpuppies (Necturus maculosus), in laboratory and field exposuresJ. Great Lakes Res.29(Suppl 1)529-541(2003) 2.Birceanu, O., McClelland, G.B., Wang, Y.S., et al.The lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) uncouples mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in both sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and TFM-tolerant rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol.153(3)342-349(2011)

Tegoprubart为针对CD40配体（CD40L）的单克隆抗体，该配体为共刺激介质的核心。通过抑制CD40L，可减弱细胞与抗体介导的免疫反应，促进免疫环境趋向耐受性。在移植动物模型中，Tegoprubart已展现出体内活性。

Phytochelatin 4（PC 4）一种由谷胱甘肽衍生的多肽和重金属解毒剂 螯合剂，由4个单位的glu - cys组成和由PC合成酶生成，对Cd（cadmium）具有耐受性，与重金属络合后被封存在液泡内。

10-SAHSA, an endogenous lipid recently discovered, is part of the FAHFAs, a group of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids. It specifically consists of stearic acid esterified to 10-hydroxy stearic acid. Notably, PAHSAs, closely related to 10-SAHSA, are significantly present in the adipose tissue of AG4OX mice that are glucose tolerant due to the overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter in their adipose tissue. Similar to other FAHFAs, which are known to improve glucose tolerance, promote insulin secretion, and possess anti-inflammatory properties, 10-SAHSA is considered a potential bioactive lipid with implications for metabolic syndrome and inflammation management.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are lipids influenced by dietary changes, playing a crucial role in insulin sensitivity. These compounds typically consist of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (for example, palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) linked to a hydroxy fatty acid with the same carbon chain length. 13-PAHSA, a derivative where palmitic acid is esterified to 13-hydroxy stearic acid, is notably prevalent in the adipose tissue of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice, which exhibit enhanced glucose transport via the overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter. This observation, along with the metabolic benefits seen from other FAHFAs—including improved glucose tolerance, stimulated insulin secretion, and anti-inflammatory properties—suggests that 13-PAHSA may function as a bioactive lipid beneficial in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a class of endogenous lipids whose levels are modulated by fasting and high-fat diets, and they play a role in insulin sensitivity. These compounds consist of a fatty acid—either a C-16 or C-18, such as palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid—esterified to a hydroxylated C-16 or C-18 lipid. One notable FAHFA, 9-PAHSA, features an ester linkage between palmitic acid and 9-hydroxy stearic acid. PAHSAs, with 9-PAHSA being the most prevalent isomer, are significantly found in the serum and both white and brown adipose tissues of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice, which express the Glut4 gene in adipose tissue, enhancing insulin sensitivity. Additionally, 9-PAHSA is abundant in wild type and AG4OX mice and present in humans, though at reduced levels in those with insulin resistance. 9-PAHSA is associated with improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin secretion, and anti-inflammatory effects in mice. The compound 19-PAHSA^13C4 represents an isotopically enriched form of this polyunsaturated fatty acid.

13-POHSA (palmitoleic acid esterified to 13-hydroxy stearic acid) is a type of branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), which have recently been discovered as endogenous lipids whose levels are modulated by fasting and high-fat diets, and are linked to insulin sensitivity in mice. Notably, the concentration of 13-POHSA in the serum significantly increases in glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, a model that overexpresses the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue, suggesting its physiological relevance. Like other FAHFAs, 13-POHSA is believed to enhance glucose tolerance, promote insulin secretion, and exert anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting its potential importance in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

13-OAHSA, a branched fatty acid ester of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), results from the esterification of oleic acid to 13-hydroxy stearic acid. It represents a significant component of the FAHFA family, most abundantly expressed in the serum of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice that exhibit adipose tissue-specific overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter. Similar to other FAHFAs which are known to enhance glucose tolerance, stimulate insulin secretion, and exert anti-inflammatory effects, 13-OAHSA may play a pivotal role in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a class of endogenous lipids whose levels are modulated by fasting and high-fat diets and are linked to insulin sensitivity. These compounds typically consist of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid, such as palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid, esterified to a hydroxylated C-16 or C-18 lipid. One specific form of FAHFA, known as 9-OAHSA, involves the esterification of oleic acid to 9-hydroxy stearic acid. Within the FAHFA family, OAHSAs notably represent the predominant form found in the serum of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice, which uniquely overexpress the Glut4 glucose transporter in adipose tissue.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are recent discoveries in endogenous lipids that are influenced by dietary changes such as fasting and high-fat diets, showing a link with enhanced insulin sensitivity in mice. These compounds typically feature a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) bound to a hydroxy group on another C-16 or C-18 fatty chain. A specific FAHFA, 9-POHSA, consists of palmitoleic acid connected at the hydroxy stearic acid’s 9th position. This molecule, in particular, exhibits notably increased levels in the serum of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice, which express the Glut4 glucose transporter predominantly in their adipose tissue. Given the broader family of FAHFAs' roles in enhancing glucose tolerance, promoting insulin secretion, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects, 9-POHSA emerges as a potential bioactive lipid involved in managing metabolic syndrome and inflammation.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are lipids that are modulated by dietary changes such as fasting and high-fat diets, and they play a role in insulin sensitivity. These compounds generally consist of a fatty acid chain of either 16 or 18 carbons (for example, palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) esterified to a similarly long hydroxy fatty acid. One specific FAHFA, 9-SAHSA, features stearic acid esterified at the 9th carbon of hydroxy stearic acid. The concentration of 9-SAHSA is notably increased in the serum of glucose-tolerant AG4OX mice, which specifically express the Glut4 glucose-transporting protein in adipose tissue.

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are lipids recently discovered to be modulated by dietary influences such as fasting and high-fat feeding, and they play a role in enhancing insulin sensitivity. These compounds typically feature a carbon-16 or carbon-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) esterified to a carbon-16 or carbon-18 hydroxy fatty acid. A specific example is 12-SAHSA, which consists of stearic acid linked to 12-hydroxy stearic acid. Notably, 12-SAHSA levels are found to be moderately increased in the serum of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, a model characterized by adipose tissue-specific overexpression of the Glut4 glucose transporter.

Moth Cytochrome C (MCC) (88-103), derived from the carboxyl terminus of moth cytochrome c, induces positive selection of TCR transgenic thymocytes.

YM Agar 是一种用于培养酵母、霉菌及其他耐酸微生物的低 pH 生长培养基。