Sdz 280 446 is one of the most active cyclopeptolide of many resistance-modifying agents in restoring rhodamine-123 retention within multidrug-resistant P388 cells.
Milbemycin A4 oxime is a derivative of milbemycin A4 and a component of milbemycin oxime , compounds that both have insecticidal and nematocidal activity. Milbemycin A4 oxime (0.05 mg kg) reduces the number of microfilariae of the heartworm D. immitis in naturally infested dogs. It inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of C. glabrata with MIC80 values ranging from 16 to greater than 32 μg ml. Milbemycin A4 oxime (2.5 μg ml) blocks efflux of fluconazole from a clinical isolate of C. glabrata, but not from a strain lacking the efflux pumps CgCDR1 and PDH1, and reduces the MICs of fluconazole and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide in wild-type C. glabrata. It enhances adriamycin-induced inhibition of cell growth, as well as increases the intracellular accumulation of adriamycin and the P-glycoprotein substrate rhodamine123 , in adriamycin-resistant, but not -sensitive, MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
C2 Adamantanyl globotriaosylceramide (AdaGb3) is a bioactive sphingolipid and water-soluble form of globotriaosylceramide that contains an adamantanyl group in place of the fatty acyl chain. It inhibits Vero toxin binding to globotriaosylceramide in an ELISA assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. AdaGb3 decreases cell surface expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and reduces efflux of rhodamine123 in MDCK cells. It also increases apical-to-basal transport of vinblastine in human intestinal C2BBe1 cells.