Symphytine is a natural inducer of hepatic tumors. Symphytine interacts with DNA in liver endothelial cells and hepatocytes, resulting in DNA damage, mutation induction, and cancer development.
Pheophytin a, a chlorophyll isolated from S. vermiculata extracts, demonstrates antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 200.5 and 137.7 μg mL for SOD and NO, respectively. It also exhibits reducing power (IC50 = 4.2 μg mL) and a cytotoxic effect on the MCF-7 cell line (IC50 = 35.9 μg mL) [1].