paw swelling

ML-943 是选择性的、口服活性的MALT1 protease 抑制剂。它可抑制 PBMC 或全血中 IL-2 的分泌，PBMC 中抑制的IC50值为 0.07~0.09 μM，全血中抑制的IC50值为 0.6~0.8 μM)。它具有抗炎作用，可用于研究 FcgR 介导的炎症。

NX-7081 is a novel small molecule inhibitor of Hsp90, which blocks components of inflammation, including cytokine production, protein kinase activity, and angiogenic signaling. SNX-7081 showed strong binding affinity to Hsp90 and expected induction of Hsp70. NF-kappaB nuclear translocation was blocked by SNX-7081 at nanomolar concentrations, and cytokine production was potently inhibited. Growth factor activation of ERK and JNK signaling was significantly reduced by SNX-7081. NO production was also sharply inhibited. In animal models, SNX-4414 fully inhibited paw swelling and improved body weight.

R-130823 is a ighly selective inhibition against mitogen-activated protein kinase p38alpha (IC50=22 nM). The release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, -6 and -8 was inhibited in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human blood pretreated by R-130823 , with IC50 values of 0.089, 0.066, 0.95 and 0.16 microM, respectively. R-130823 reduced the established hind paw swelling in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis, while methotrexate showed no suppression. In the same model, R-130823 ameliorated adjuvant-induced hyperalgesia with rapid onset and long duration comparable to a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, celecoxib.

Anti-inflammatory agent 40 是潜在的口服抗疟疾(anti-malarial)与抗炎(Anti-inflammatory)化合物，能抑制卡拉胶诱导的足跖肿胀。

GPR183 antagonist-2 (化合物 32) 是一种选择性GPR183拮抗剂，水溶性好，药代动力学特性优异。该化合物能剂量依赖性地减轻胶原诱导的关节炎(CIA)小鼠模型中的爪子和关节肿胀，并显著抑制促炎细胞因子(MCP-1，MMPs 和 VEGF)的基因表达。GPR183 antagonist-2 适用于自身免疫性疾病的研究。

Body Protection Compound 157 (BPC 157) is a pentadecapeptide derived from BPC, identified in gastric juice, exhibiting diverse biological activities. At 2 µg ml, BPC 157 enhances primary rat tendon fibroblast cell migration and F-actin formation. Furthermore, doses of 0.01 and 10 µg kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.), mitigate paw swelling, bone erosion, and mononuclear cell infiltration in the joints of rats with rheumatoid arthritis induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). It also diminishes gastric ulcer size in rats caused by indomethacin, aspirin, or diclofenac at these doses. Additionally, BPC 157 reduces catalepsy duration and tremor severity in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease triggered by MPTP.