palmitic acid

Palmitic acid (Cetylic acid) 属于天然产物，是一种常见的饱和脂肪酸，在动物、植物和微生物中均存在。Palmitic acid 具有抗肿瘤活性。

RP-182-PEG3-K palmitic acid (Compound 1a) 在CD206high M2型巨噬细胞中显示出抑制作用，具有3.2 µM的IC50值，并能促进吞噬作用。此外，该化合物在小鼠B16黑色素瘤模型中的同种异体移植试验中展示了其抗肿瘤活性。

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Palmitic acid-13C (C1, C2, C3, and C4 labeled) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a common 16-carbon saturated fat that represents 10-20% of human dietary fat intake and comprises approximately 25 and 65% of human total plasma lipids and saturated fatty acids, respectively.1,2Acylation of palmitic acid to proteins facilitates anchoring of membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer and trafficking of intracellular proteins, promotes protein-vesicle interactions, and regulates various G protein-coupled receptor functions.1Red blood cell palmitic acid levels are increased in patients with metabolic syndrome compared to patients without metabolic syndrome and are also increased in the plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes compared to individuals without diabetes.3,4 1.Fatima, S., Hu, X., Gong, R.-H., et al.Palmitic acid is an intracellular signaling molecule involved in disease developmentCell. Mol. Life Sci.76(13)2547-2557(2019) 2.Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al.Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patientsAnn. Nutr. Metab.39(1)52-62(1995) 3.Yi, L.-Z., He, J., Liang, Y.-Z., et al.Plasma fatty acid metabolic profiling and biomarkers of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on GC/MS and PLS-LDAFEBS Lett.580(30)6837-6845(2006) 4.Kabagambe, E.K., Tsai, M.Y., Hopkins, P.N., et al.Erythrocyte fatty acid composition and the metabolic syndrome: A National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute GOLDN studyClin. Chem.54(1)154-162(2008)

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7

2-chloro Palmitic acid is a monochlorinated form of palmitic acid . It is produced in a myeloperoxidase (MPO) and time-dependent manner in neutrophils stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate . 2-chloro Palmitic acid (10 μM) induces neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (NETosis) in human neutrophils, increasing DNA release from neutrophils, colocalization of MPO with extracellular DNA (ecDNA), and trapping of E. coli. It increases COX-2 protein levels in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) when used at a concentration of 50 μM and increases production of P-selectin, von Willebrand factor, and angiopoietin-2 in HCAECs, as well as neutrophil and platelet adherence, when used at a concentration of 10 μM. 2-chloro Palmitic acid (10-50 μM) also induces apoptosis in THP-1 cells and primary human monocytes and increases caspase-3 activity in THP-1 cells.

3-hydroxy Palmitic acid is a form of the 16:0 lipid palmitic acid . The lipid A part of lipopolysaccharides contain various 3-hydroxy fatty acids, making oxylipins such as 3-hydroxy palmitic acid useful as chemical markers of endotoxins. In R. solanacearum, 3-hydroxy palmitic acid is converted by an S-adenosyl methionine-dependent methyltransferase to 3-hydroxy palmitic acid methyl ester, which acts as a quorum sensing signal molecule for post-transcriptional modulation of genes involved in virulence. Long-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 3-hydroxy palmitic acid, are also known to accumulate during long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiencies. Such accumulation induces oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial bioenergetics deregulation and eventual multi-organ dysfunction.

3-hydroxy Palmitic acid methyl ester (3-hydroxy PAME) is an esterized long-chain fatty acid involved in quorum sensing in R. solanacearum, a bacteria that causes lethal wilting in plants. 3-hydroxy-PAME (175 nM) increases levels of PhcA-regulated virulence factors, greater than 20-, 30-, and 25-fold for EPS I, EGL, and PME, respectively, in the AW1-83 strain of R. solanacearum.

Sodium palmitate-13C is the 13C-labeled variant of palmitic acid, a long-chain saturated fatty acid prevalent in animals and plants. This compound has been shown to induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in mouse granulosa cells.

Palmitic acid-13C16 sodium, a 13C-labeled form of the naturally occurring saturated fatty acid Palmitic acid sodium, is prevalent in animals and plants. This compound can trigger the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in mouse granulosa cells.

Palmitic acid-13C2 is the 13C-labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. Palmitic acid can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells.

Palmitic acid calcium，一种长链饱和脂肪酸，广泛存在于动物和植物中。它能在小鼠颗粒细胞诱导葡萄糖调节蛋白78 (GRP78) 和CCAAT 增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白 (CHOP) 的表达，可用于建立细胞脂肪变性模型。

14-Methyl palmitic acid methyl ester is a methylated fatty acid methyl ester identified in A. indica leaf extract, S. alboflavus TD-1, and as a less prominent constituent in biodiesel from C. sorokiniana microalgae. It acts as a volatile agent emanating from maize, impeding the growth of F. verticillioides in a dose-responsive manner. Additionally, this compound is utilized as a reference standard for quantifying 14-methyl palmitic acid in diverse foods via GC-MS. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1614]

10-Methyl palmitic acid methyl ester is a methylated derivative of fatty acid methyl ester, identified in glycolipid analogs with cyclitol from P. crassa. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1792]

2-Fluoro palmitic acid methyl ester, a monofluorinated derivative of palmitic acid methyl ester, serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of 2-iodoaldehydes, monofluorinated fatty acids, and polyfluoro ketones [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1718].

RP-182-PEG3-K palmitic acid (Compound 1a) 在小鼠B16黑色素瘤同种异体移植模型中展现了抗肿瘤效果，可以有效抑制CD206highM2样巨噬细胞（IC50为3.2 µM）并具有诱导吞噬作用。

Stearyl palmitate是一种高纯度生化试剂，适合作为生物材料或有机合成中间体，广泛应用于生命科学领域的研究与实验。

Palmitic acid sodium（Sodium palmitate） 是饱和脂肪酸的一种，其在脂肪酸合成中形成。Palmitic acid sodium 能促进多种细胞系脂肪生成及细胞脂肪变性。

Alkynyl Palmitic Acid 是一种属于 alkyl chain 类的 PROTAC linker，可用于 PROTAC 分子的合成。

2-Fluoropalmitic acid(2-氟代十六烷醇)是一种含有氟原子的脂肪酸，可作为胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)的潜在治疗剂，抑制胶质瘤干细胞（GSC）的活力、增殖和茎样表型，抑制磷酸化erk、CD133和SOX-2的表达，导致MMP-2活性降低和MGMT启动子甲基化增加。

15-methyl Palmitic Acid 是一种一种甲基化脂肪酸，广泛存在于动物脂质中，可能于调节脂肪代谢有关。

Palmitic acid-16,16,16-d3 是 Palmitic acid 的氘代化合物。Palmitic acid 的 CAS 号为 57-10-3。Palmitic acid 是在动物、植物和微生物中发现的最常见的饱和脂肪酸，具有抗肿瘤活性。它可诱导小鼠颗粒细胞中葡萄糖调节蛋白 78 和 CCAAT 增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白的表达。

2-Hydroxypalmitic acid 是一种有用的有机化合物，可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T124257，CAS号为 764-67-0。

Isopalmitic acid 是一种有用的有机化合物，可用于生命科学领域的相关研究。其产品编号为 T124825，CAS号为 4669-02-7。