p 286

Sodium Ioxaglate is used as a contrast agent.

Ioxaglic acid (P-286) is a negatively charged contrast agent commonly utilized as an inverse indicator for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) in computed tomography (CT). This compound is valuable for imaging human osteoarthritic cartilage, enabling the quantitative assessment of glycosaminoglycan content.

TAT-CN21 是一种强效、高选择性的钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶 II (CaMKII) 抑制肽，其 IC50 值为 77 nM。该产物通过 TAT 序列（YGRKKRRQRRR）实现细胞通透性，能有效阻断 CaMKII 的催化活性及其与 NMDA 受体亚基 GluN2B 的结合。它在调节兴奋性毒性过程中发挥关键作用，能够减少谷氨酸诱导的神经元损伤，是研究缺血性脑损伤、神经退行性疾病及突触可塑性的核心药理学工具。

RO7196472 为大环肽类抗生素，具有高效选择性地抑制 Acinetobacter 菌株活性的特性。该化合物通过作用于 Acinetobacter 菌株内膜的 LptB2FG 复合体上的 LPS (脂多糖) 绑定位点，阻断其脂多糖运输，从而达到抑制该菌株活性的效果。

ABBV-383 (ABBV-383)为BCMA×CD3双特异性T细胞结合器 (BiTE)，旨在抑制B细胞成熟蛋白活性 (BCMA) 并激活T细胞表面的CD3复合体糖蛋白。该化合物主要应用于多发性骨髓瘤、免疫球蛋白轻链淀粉样变性以及心血管疾病的研究领域。

α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate is abis-phosphorylated derivative of α-D-glucose that has roles in carbohydrate metabolism.1It is the product of the reaction of glucose-1- or 6-phosphate with glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase (PGM2LI) in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.2It is also a cofactor for the bacterial enzyme phosphopentomutase.3,4α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate has been used in the study of carbohydrate metabolism. 1.Beitner, R.Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in extrahepatic tissues; comparison with fructose 2,6-bisphosphateInt. J. Biochem.22(6)553-557(1990) 2.Maliekal, P., Sokolova, T., Vertommen, D., et al.Molecular identification of mammalian phosphopentomutase and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase, two members of the α-D-phosphohexomutase familyJ. Biol. Chem.282(44)31844-31851(2007) 3.Moustafa, H.M.A., Zaghloul, T.I., and Zhang, Y.-H.P.A simple assay for determining activities of phosphopentomutase from a hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritimaAnal. Biochem.50175-81(2016) 4.Panosian, T.D., Nannemann, D.P., Watkins, G.R., et al.Bacillus cereus phosphopentomutase is an alkaline phosphatase family member that exhibits an altered entry point into the catalytic cycleJ. Biol. Chem.286(10)8043-8054(2011)

Urotensin II is a peptide vasoconstrictor and agonist of the urotensin (UT) receptor (Ki= 2.06 nM for the human recombinant receptor expressed in HEK293 cells).1It stimulates intracellular calcium mobilization in HEK293 cells expressing human and rat UT (EC50s = 0.47 and 0.78 nM, respectively) but decreases intracellular calcium concentration in goby (G. mirabilis) enterocytes when used at a concentration of 500 nM.2Urotensin II (20 mU/ml) stimulates active sodium and chloride absorption across isolated goby posterior intestine in 5% seawater-adapted solution.3In vivo, urotensin II (1.5-150 nmol/kg) decreases diastolic blood pressure and increases heart rate in anesthetized rats.4It also reduces the pressor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation, norepinephrine , and vasopressin in pithed rats when administered at a dose of 150 nmol/kg. 1.Ames, R.S., Sarau, H.M., Chambers, J.K., et al.Human urotensin-II is a potent vasoconstrictor and agonist for the orphan receptor GPR14Nature401(6750)282-286(1999) 2.Loretz, C.A., and Assad, J.A.Urotensin II lowers cytoplasmic free calcium concentration in goby enterocytes: Measurements using quin2Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.64(3)355-361(1986) 3.Loretz, C.A., Freel, R.W., and Bern, H.A.Specificity of response of intestinal ion transport systems to a pair of natural peptide hormone analogs: Somatostatin and urotensin IIGen. Comp. Endocrinol.52(2)198-206(1983) 4.Gibson, A., Wallace, P., and Bern, H.A.Cardiovascular effects of urotensin II in anesthetized and pithed ratsGen. Comp. Endocrinol.64(3)435-439(1986)

Taltobulin hydrochloride (HTI-286 hydrochloride) 是一种合成的三肽半胱氨酸类似物，为高效抗微管剂，能够在体内外绕过P-糖蛋白介导的药物耐药性。该化合物通过抑制微管蛋白的聚合和破坏细胞内微管结构，进而引起细胞有丝分裂停滞和细胞凋亡。