oxidative neurotoxicity

4-Hydroxyestrone 是一种内源性雌激素代谢物，可强烈保护神经元细胞免受氧化损伤。

Idebenone (CV-2619) 是一种线粒体保护剂，具有神经保护功效，可用于研究阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿舞蹈病，可透过血脑屏障，诱导细胞凋亡。

CL-13, 作为一种丁基胆碱酯酶 (BChE) 抑制剂，其IC50值达到1.15 μM，并具有针对乙酰胆碱酯酶的高选择性，选择性指数(SI)为9.2。在SH-SY5Y细胞中，CL-13展现了显著的抗氧化活性（DPPHEC50= 47.01 μM），能够螯合参与Aβ聚集及 或氧化应激的金属，且在50 μM浓度下不表现出神经毒性。此外，CL-13能有效逆转由东莨菪碱引发的认知障碍，同时不影响小鼠的运动能力。

Fenobucarb, a widely employed carbamate insecticide, poses potential risks to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems in animals[1][2]. It triggers developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish by engaging pathways related to inflammation, oxidative stress, degeneration, and apoptosis.

ARN 14494 is a potent serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor (SPT; IC50 = 27.3 nM). ARN 14494 inhibits synthesis of long chain ceramides and dihydroceramides in an in vitro model of Alzheimer's diease. The compound prevents the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress-related enzymes iNOS and COX-2 in mouse primary cortical astrocytes. ARN 14494 is neuroprotective against β-amyloid 1-42 induced neurotoxicity in primary cortical neurons co-cultured with astrocytes.

Paeonilactone B ((+)-Paeonilactone B) 是一种来自白芍的单萜类化合物，具有神经保护活性，抑制氧化应激，在大鼠皮质细胞在抑制 H2O2 诱导的神经毒性。

Pinostrobin 是一种 PCSK9抑制剂，可抑制 PCSK9 的催化活性。它是能够在多种植物中发现的黄酮类化合物，并具有抗氧化，抗炎，抗癌和神经保护作用。它是有前景的胆固醇调节和脂质管理剂。

Cedrin has protective effects on PC12 cells against the neurotoxicity induced by amyloid β1-42, the protective effect is related to the inhibition of oxidative stress, improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and suppression of apoptosis.