neuron-2

Branaplam (LMI 070) 是一种高效、选择性和口服活性的小分子 SMN2 剪接调节剂，对 SMN 的 EC50为 20 nM。它可提高全长 SMN 蛋白并延长其生存期，也抑制 hERG，IC50为 6.3 μM。

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) 是内源性代谢产物的一种。

3'-Methoxypuerarin 是一种提取自葛根中的异黄酮，具有神经元保护作用。

SMN2-Stablizer-27 is a stablizer of survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2), and a post-translationally stablizing SMN protein for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

16F16 is a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) inhibitor.1It inhibits PDI reductase activity in an enzyme assay when used at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 μg/ml.116F16 reduces PC12 cell apoptosis induced by the misfolded huntingtin protein HTTQ103. It suppresses PDI-dependent mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) in isolated PC12 cell mitochondria. 16F16 (2, 3, 4, and 10 μM) reduces HTTN90Q73mutant huntingtin-induced medium spinal neuron death and MOMP in rat corticostriatal slices. It also reduces pyramidal neuron death induced by amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) in rat corticostriatal slices. 1.Hoffstrom, B.G., Kaplan, A., Letso, R., et al.Inhibitors of protein disulfide isomerase suppress apoptosis induced by misfolded proteinsNat. Chem. Biol.6(12)900-906(2010)

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7

Photoswitchable Kv channel blocker (IC50 values are 2 and 64 μM at 500 nm and 380 nm respectively). Switches conformation from cis to trans at 500 nm and trans to cis at 380 nm. Exhibits minimal activity at Nav1.2 and L-type Ca2+ channels. Stimulates action potential firing of hippocampal neurons in vitro at 500 nm and restores visual responsiveness in blind mice at 380 nm. Fortin et al (2008) Photochemical control of endogenous ion channels and cellular excitability. Nat.Methods 5 331 PMID:18311146 |Polosukhina et al (2012) Photochemical restoration of visual responses in blind mice. Neuron 75 271 PMID:22841312 |Banghart et al (2009) Photochromic blockers of voltage-gated potassium channels. Angew.Chem.Int.Ed. 48 9097 PMID:19882609

Rasagiline-13C3is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of rasagiline by GC- or LC-MS. Rasagiline is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B; IC50= 4.43 nM for the rat brain enzyme).1It is selective for MAO-B over MAO-A (IC50= 412 nM for the rat brain enzyme). It inhibits serum and NGF withdrawal-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 100 μM.2Rasagiline inhibits rat brain MAO-Bin vivo(ED50= 0.1 mg kg).1It reduces cerebral edema in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.2Rasagiline (0.1 mg kg) reduces cortical and hippocampal levels of full-length and soluble amyloid precursor protein (APP) in rats and mice. It also reduces α-synuclein-induced substantia nigral neuron loss and improves motor dysfunction in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.3Formulations containing rasagiline have been used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 1.Youdim, M.B.H., Gross, A., and Finberg, J.P.Rasagiline [N-propargyl-1R(+)-aminoindan], a selective and potent inhibitor of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase BBrit. J. Pharmacol.132(2)500-506(2001) 2.Youdim, M.B.H., and Weinstock, M.Molecular basis of neuroprotective activities of rasagiline and the anti-Alzheimer drug TV3326 [(N-propargyl-(3R) aminoindan-5-YL)-ethyl methyl carbamate]Cell. Mol. Neurobiol.21(6)555-573(2001) 3.Kang, S.S., Ahn, E.H., Zhang, Z., et al.α-Synuclein stimulation of monoamine oxidase-B and legumain protease mediates the pathology of Parkinson's diseaseEMBO J.37(12)e98878(2018)

TREK1 and TREK2 channel activator (EC50 = 0.76 μM in Rb efflux assay in TREK1-expressing CHO cells). Exhibits selectivity for TREK1/2 over TRAAK, TASK3 and a range of other potassium channels. Hyperpolarizes membrane potential of dorsal root ganglion neurons and depresses neuronal activity in vitro. Loucif et al (2018) GI-530159, a novel, selective, mechanosensitive two-pore-domain potassium (K2P) channel opener, reduces rat dorsal root ganglion neuron excitability. Br.J.Pharmacol. 175 2272 PMID:29150838

Olodanrigan (EMA401) 是具有口服活性、高选择性及外周受限的血管紧张素 Ⅱ 类型 2 受体(AT2R)拮抗剂。它的缓解疼痛的机制可能是：抑制增强的 AngII AT2R 诱导的 p38 和 p42 p44 MAPK 激活，进而阻碍 DRG 神经元的过度兴奋性及 DRG 神经元的萌发。它可用于研究神经性疼痛。

Acetylcorynoline (O-Acetylcorynoline) 是提取自 Corydalis bungeana 中的一种主要生物碱成分，具有抗炎活性。

PA22-2 (free acid) (Cys-Laminin A chain 2091-2108) 为促进神经突生长和神经元样过程形成的多肽。该化合物适用于人腺样囊性癌细胞培养和肽功能化磷脂双层制备^[3]。

KPZ560作为HDAC1和HDAC2的有效抑制剂，在IC50数值上分别达到12 nM 和68 nM 。此化合物能提升小鼠颗粒神经元树突的棘密度，同时也能抑制MCF乳腺癌细胞系的生长。