larvae

Piperitone 是强大的驱虫剂和抗食欲剂。它对 Cymbopogon schoenanthus(C. schoenanthus) 成虫、新产卵和新生幼虫有很大的毒性。

Hexythiazox 是一种螨类生长调节剂和噻唑烷类杀螨剂，对多种螨类具有长效杀虫作用，适用于植物从萌芽到结果的任何生长阶段。

Retene (NSC-26317) 广泛存在于近代和古代沉积物中，可从冷杉林土壤、腐殖质煤、陆相石油烃源岩和深海沉积物中提取得到化合物。Retene 是松木酸在成岩作用过程中脱氢产生的。

Cyromazine (CGA-72662) 是三聚氰胺的环丙基衍生物，是昆虫生长调节剂，用作杀虫剂和杀螨剂，通过影响某些昆虫幼虫阶段的神经系统而起作用。

Triflumuron 是一种杀虫剂，属于所谓的昆虫生长调节剂。它抑制昆虫幼虫合成甲壳素，导致死亡。

1-Tridecanol (tridecan-1-ol) 存在于被幼虫破坏的植物中。

(E)-β-Farnesene (trans-β-Farnesene) 是一种存在于 Phlomis aurea Decne中的倍半萜烃，是许多蚜虫报警信息素的主要成分，可中断蚜虫摄食。(E)-β-Farnesene 通过破坏昆虫激素平衡来损害 Chilo suppressalis 幼虫的发育和存活。

N-Chloroacetyl-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline (KM1954) 是一种杀虫剂，对第一阶段Ae 有效。 LC50 值为 125μM 的埃及伊蚊幼虫。

Oleoyl proline is an N-acyl amine that can be detected in bovine brain extracts and D. melanogaster larvae using mass spectrometry. In a preclinical model of pain, mice lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH KO) had decreased N-oleoyl proline levels in

Temephos (Temefos) 是一种胆碱酯酶抑制剂，是一种有机硫代磷酸盐杀虫剂，用于治疗被携带疾病的昆虫侵染的水。

Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid（1-Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid；Perfluoroheptanesulphonic acid），一种全氟烷基化合物（PFAS）。它能够在垃圾填埋场的渗滤液中被检测到，并且已被发现能诱发斑马鱼幼虫的畸形（EC50=168.1 μM），同时，胎儿接触PFHpS可能会导致出生体重降低。

Triazophos 是一种用于控制多种土壤昆虫和螨虫的非系统性杀虫杀螨剂，包括蚜虫、蓟马、蠓、甲虫、鳞翅目幼虫、地老虎和红蜘蛛。作为乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 抑制剂，它能与乙酰胆碱的结合位点共价结合并不可逆地影响，阻止乙酰胆碱的分解，从而增强兴奋性。适用于观赏植物、棉花、水稻、玉米、大豆、油棕、橄榄和咖啡等多种作物的防治工作。

Fibrostat (Compound 5n) 是一种HDAC6选择性抑制剂，通过抑制HDAC6的活性达到其抗纤维化的效果，对HDAC6的IC50为63 nM，并对HDAC1、HDAC3、HDAC5、HDAC8、HDAC10和HDAC11表现出较高选择性。它可以大幅降低成纤维细胞中纤维连接蛋白和胶原1等纤维化标志物的表达。在大鼠灌注心脏及斑马鱼幼体实验中证实其无毒性，Fibrostat 可用于与纤维化相关疾病的研究。

5-HT2C agonist-4 (Compound 3i) 是一种5-HT2C receptor激动剂，其EC50值为5.7 nM，并能降低幼年斑马鱼幼虫的运动活性。

Insecticidal agent 20 (Compound 17) 是一种能与AChBP结合的杀虫剂，对库蚊幼虫 (LC50: 1.57 ppm) 和蛹 (LC50: 4.17 ppm) 显示出优良的杀虫活性。

Etofenprox, a synthetic pyrethroid, has insecticidal efficacy against mosquito larvae & on non-target organisms.

J 2931 is an inhibitor of mosquito larvae growth.

Albaspidin AA displays strong antibacterial activity against the vegetative form of P. larvae (MIC ranging from 0.168-220 uM). It may have in vitro nematocidal activity against L4 stage larvae.

Leucanicidin is a macrolide bacterial metabolite originally isolated from S. halstedii. It is toxic to L. separata fourth instar larvae when used at a concentration of 20 ppm and to H. contortus, T. colubriformis, and O. circumcincta larvae (LD50s = 0.23-

(+)-δ-Cadinene 是一种从G. hirsutum 中发现的倍半萜，具有抗菌、杀虫、抗癌和抗增殖活性。 它对肺炎双球菌的MIC 值为31.25 μg ml，对 A. stephensi、A. aegypti 和 C. quinquefasciatust 三龄幼虫的LC50s 值分别8.23、9. 2和3。(+)-δ-Cadinene（10、50 和 100 μM）可诱导 OVCAR-3 人类卵巢癌细胞凋亡并抑制其增殖。

Collismycin A is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces that has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective properties. It is active against a variety of bacteria (MICs = 6.25 and 100 μg ml) and fungi (MICs = 12.5-100 μg ml). It inhibits proliferation of A549 lung, HCT116 colon, and HeLa cervical cancer cells (IC50s = 0.3, 0.6, and 0.3 μM, respectively) and NIH373 fibroblasts (IC50 = 56.6 μM) but not MDA-MD-231 breast cancer cells (IC50 = >100 μM). Collismycin A forms a complex with Fe(II) and Fe(III) at a 2:1 ratio, and the addition of iron ions inhibits the antiproliferative effect of collismycin A on HeLa cells, an effect that does not occur with the addition of zinc, manganese, copper, or magnesium ions. Collismycin A (1 μM) prevents apoptosis in the brain region of zebrafish larvae by 44% in a model of neuronal cell death induced by all-trans retinoic acid .

2-chloro Stearic acid is a bioactive fatty acid that accumulates in primary human monocytes and neutrophils as well as murine neutrophils stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate . It induces DNA release from primary human neutrophils. 2-chloro Stearic acid is toxic to C. quinquefasciatus larvae (LC50 = <1 ppm).

Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997). Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3 References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997).

5-hydroxy Thiabendazole (5-OH TBZ) is a major metabolite of the anthelmintic thiabendazole . Unlike thiabendazole, 5-OH TBZ has no effect on the growth of third-stage A. caninum larvae.