diacylglycerol phosphorylation

Dioctanoylglycol (ethane-1,2-diyl dioctanoate) 是二酰基甘油类似物，也是二酰基甘油激酶 (DGK) 抑制剂，其Ki=为58 μM。

Dioctanoylphosphatidic acid sodium (DOPA sodium) 是一种具有生物活性的磷脂酸 (PA) 衍生物，可作为脂质信号分子。该产物通过磷脂酶 D (PLD) 作用于甘油磷脂产生，是二酰甘油 (DAG) 和溶血磷脂酸 (LPA) 的前体。它直接结合并激活雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶点 (mTOR) 的 FRB 结构域，从而促进 mTOR 磷酸化。此外，它能调节吞噬细胞（如中性粒细胞）的呼吸爆发。在肿瘤研究中，该产物能够增强受组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂 (HDACI) 抑制的胆囊癌 (GBC) 细胞的活力，具有保护细胞对抗表观遗传抑制剂的作用。

1,2-Dioleoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol that contains oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. It effectively binds the C1 domain to activate conventional protein kinase C forms and serves as a substrate for diacylglycerol kinases and multisubstrate lipid kinase.1,2,3 |1. Yamaguchi, Y., Shirai, Y., Matsubara, T., et al. Phosphorylation and up-regulation of diacylglycerol kinase γ via its interaction with protein kinase Cγ. J. Biol. Chem. 281(42), 31627-31637 (2006).|2. Zhou, Q.Z., Raynor, R.L., Wood, M.G., Jr., et al. Structure-activity relationship of synthetic branched-chain distearoylglycerol (distearin) as protein kinase C activators. Biochemistry 27(19), 7361-7365 (1988).|3. Epand, R.M., Shulga, Y.V., Timmons, H.C., et al. Substrate chirality and specificity of diacylglycerol kinases and the multisubstrate lipid kinase. Biochemistry 46(49), 14225-14231 (2007).

Phosphatidylinositols, comprising about 10% of total cellular phospholipids, are glycerophospholipids featuring a glycerol backbone, two non-polar fatty acid tails (primarily C16:0 and C18:0), and a polar inositol head group. Synthesized from cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CPD-DAG) and myoinositol via phosphoinositol synthase, these compounds play pivotal roles in cellular processes, including calcium regulation, vesicle trafficking, mitogenesis, cell survival, and actin rearrangement. Phosphorylation of their inositol rings produces phosphoinositides, crucial for these cellular functions. [Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1048]

Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2 TFA(MALP-2 TFA)是一种二酰基脂肽和TLR-2/TLR-6激动剂,能够激活巨噬细胞等免疫细胞应答，能够上调TNF、IL-6和PGE2来诱导局部炎症。