adrenic acid

Adrenic Acid (cis-7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoic acid) 是一种天然的多不饱和脂肪酸，主要存在于肾上腺，肾脏，大脑和脉管系统中。Adrenic Acid 能够调节肾上腺皮质血管的血管紧张度。Adrenic Acid 也是非酒精性脂肪肝疾病的炎症增强剂。

(±)10,11-EDT 是Adrenic acid的代谢物，同时也是一种氧化脂质。

(±)13,14-DiHDoTrE ((±)13,14-DHDT)是一种氧化脂质，来源于Adrenic acid代谢过程。

1a,1b-dihomo Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a rare polyunsaturated fatty acid first identified in extracts of sheep vesicular gland microsomes, known to contain COX, incubated with adrenic acid . 1a,1b-dihomo PGE2 has also been identified in conditioned media of RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with endotoxin and arachidonic acid . This product is thought to be produced by elongation of AA to adrenic acid, which is then metabolized sequentially by COX and PGE synthase.

1-Stearoyl-2-adrenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE is a phospholipid that contains stearic acid and adrenic acid at thesn-1 andsn-2 positions, respectively. 1-Stearoyl-2-adrenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE levels are inversely correlated with subject age in mitochondria isolated from human post-mortem hippocampus.1 1.Hancock, S.E., Friedrich, M.G., Mitchell, T.W., et al.Decreases in phospholipids containing adrenic and arachidonic acids occur in the human hippocampus over the adult lifespanLipids50(9)861-872(2015)

(±)13,14-EDT是一种氧脂和腎上腺酸的代谢产物，通过细胞色素P450（CYP）途径形成。在50 nM的浓度下，它能激活分离的大鼠冠状小动脉平滑肌细胞中的大导电钙激活钾通道（KCa1.1/BK），并导致分离的猪小动脉扩张（EC50 = 12 pM）。(±)13,14-EDT还能使用TP受体激动剂U-46619预收缩的分离牛冠状动脉放松。

(±)16,17-EDT，一种经由细胞色素P450 (CYP) 途径形成的腺苷酸代谢物和氧脂肪酸，能够诱导分离的猪小动脉舒张（EC50 = 11 pM）。此外，(±)16,17-EDT 亦能促进以TP受体激动剂U-46619 预收缩的分离牛冠状动脉的松弛。

1a,1b-Dihomo Prostaglandin F2α (1a,1b-dihomo PGF2α), a hypothetical product of adrenic acid in the COX pathway, is predominantly synthesized in the renal medulla, reflecting the selective distribution of adrenic acid in this region.

17(S)-HDoTE, a metabolite of adrenic acid, is synthesized through the action of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) via a 17-HpDoTE intermediate.

10,11-EDT, a substrate for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), is a metabolic derivative of adrenic acid and acts as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor with potent vasorelaxant effects [1].