Cangrelor is a P2Y12 inhibitor, and was approved in June 2015 as an antiplatelet drug for intravenous application. Cangrelor is a high-affinity, reversible inhibitor of P2Y12 receptors that causes almost complete inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregate. It is a modified ATP derivative stable to enzymatic degradation. It does not require metabolic conversion to an active metabolite. This allows cangrelor’s immediate effect after infusion, and the therapeutic effects can be maintained with continuous infusion.
Latrunculin A is a toxin isolated from the red sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica. Latrunculin A binds to actin monomers and it also inhibits polymerization of actin (Kds: 0.1, 0.4, 4.7 μM, and 0.19 μM for ATP-actin, ADP-Pi-actin, ADP-actin, and G-actin, re
Fuscin is a quinonoid fungal metabolite originally isolated from O. fuscum that has diverse biological activities. It inhibits binding of the ADP/ATP translocase inhibitor atractyloside to rat liver mitochondria in an ADP-dependent manner when used at a concentration of 50 μM in a radioligand binding assay. Fuscin (20 μM) reduces the glutathione content of rat liver mitochondria to 28% of controls and inhibits NADH oxidation in sonicated pigeon heart mitochondria preparations in a concentration-dependent manner. It competes with macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α) for binding to CCR5 chemokine receptors in vitro with an IC50 value of 21 μM.
8-Bromo-AMP, also known as 8-Bromoadenosine 5'-monophosphate, is a membrane permeable cAMP analogue. It enhances cardiac recovery from ischemia and reperfusion by elevating ATP, ADP, and total adenine nucleotide concentrations.
8-NH2-ATP is an inactive derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), synthesized from 8-NH2-Ado. It has been documented that 8-NH2-Ado exhibits potent properties, as evidenced by its ability to induce apoptosis-associated cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase.