Thromboxane A2, as an unstable intermediate between the prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane B2, is a potent inducer of platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction.
16,16-dimethyl PGA2 is a metabolism-resistant analog of PGA2 with a prolonged in vivo half-life. It inhibits the proliferation of Sendai virus in cultured African green monkey kidney cells by >90% at a concentration of 4 μg ml. Daily infusion of 10 μg of 16,16-dimethyl PGA2 methyl ester into mice infected with influenza A virus increased survival by 40%. Similar treatment of mice inoculated with erythroleukemia cells delayed tumor growth and increased survival time.
15(R)-Pinane thromboxane A2 is the (R)-epimer of pinane thromboxane A2 . 15(R)-PTA2 does not inhibit collagen-induced platelet aggregation (IC50s = 120-130 μM). It does not affect gastric tone in isolated rat gastric fundus when used at concentrations of 0.5 or 1.5 μg ml and is less effective than PTA2 at inhibiting prostaglandin-induced contraction of isolated rat stomach muscle.
PGA2 is a naturally occurring prostaglandin in gorgonian corals where it may function in self defense. It is generally not present in mammals. PGA2 has low biological potency in most bioassays, but it does show some antiviral antitumor activity.[1] At a 25 uM concentration, PGA2 blocks the cell cycle progression of NIH 3T3 cells at the G1 and G2 M phase .[2] It has also been shown to act as a vasodilator with natriuretic properties.[3]
Bottromycin A2is an antibiotic originally isolated fromStreptomyces.1It blocks the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site of the 50S ribosome, inhibiting protein synthesis.2Bottromycin A2is active against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and vancomycin-resistantEnterococciwith MIC values of 1 and 0.5 μg ml, respectively. 1.Nakamura, S., Yajima, T., Lin, Y., et al.Isolation and characterization of bottromycins A2, B2, C2J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)20(1)1-5(1967) 2.Gouda, H., Kobayashi, Y., Yamada, T., et al.Three-dimensional solution structure of bottromycin A2: A potent antibiotic active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant EnterococciChem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo)60(2)169-171(2012)
Golgicide A-2 (GCA-2), a derivative of Golgicide A (GCA), is the highly active enantiomer of GCA. It exhibits exceptional selectivity and efficiency in eradicating An. stephensi larvae, thus making it a valuable tool for researching dengue virus-related diseases.
Cinnamtannin A2, a tetrameric procyanidin, enhances GLP-1 and insulin secretion in mice while also upregulating the expression of corticotrophin releasing hormone. Additionally, Cinnamtannin A2 exhibits antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and nephroprotective effects.
Mogroside III-A2 exhibits inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 346-400 mol ratio 32 pmol TPA. and shows weak inhibitory effects on activation of (+ -)-(E)-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexemide (NOR 1), a nitric oxide (NO) donor.