vaccinia virus

Carbenoxolone disodium (Duogastrone) 是甘草酸的活性代谢物和人11β-HSD 和细菌3α, 20β-HSD 的抑制剂。它是一种缝隙连接的解耦剂，可抑制牛痘病毒生长，用于消化性、食道和口腔溃疡和炎症的相关研究。

Vaccinia virus capping enzyme是一种转录起始因子。它是由D1 (844 aa) 和 D12 (287 aa) 多肽组成的异二聚体，负责m7GpppRNA合成中的所有三个步骤。Vaccinia virus capping enzyme在体外加帽和加帽标记RNA方面被广泛使用。

Tecovirimat (ST-246)是一种核心蛋白半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，可能用于治疗天花感染。Tecovirimat 是一种新型抗病毒药物，对多种正痘病毒具有有效和选择性的活性（EC50值约 10 nM）。Tecovirimat可以通过靶向病毒 p37 蛋白直系同源物来抑制正痘病毒的排出。

Vidarabine (Adenine Arabinoside) 是从链霉菌分离的核苷类抗生素，能抗单纯性疱疹和水痘-带状疱疹病毒。它对 HSV-1 和 HSV-2 的 IC50值分别为 9.3 μg/ml 和 11.3 μg/ml。

Olomoucine II 是一种高效的细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂，对 CDK1、CDK2、CDK4、CDK7 和 CDK9 的 IC50 分别为 7.6、0.1、19.8、0.45 和 0.06 μM。Olomoucine II 对多种其他激酶具有较高选择性，同时对 ERK2 和 ABCB1 保持可检测的活性。Olomoucine II 可在不同 p53 状态的癌细胞系中抑制细胞增殖，并在 ABCB1 表达的 HCT-8 细胞中与 daunorubicin 产生协同作用。此外，Olomoucine II 还能抑制 HSV-1、HSV-2、痘苗病毒、腺病毒 4 型及人巨细胞病毒的复制，是一种重要的抗病毒和抗癌研究工具。

Cyclic HPMPC 是有效的抗病毒剂，可以增加感染致死性牛痘苗病毒 (IHD 株) 小鼠的动脉氧饱和度水平。用 Cyclic HPMPC 治疗可改善先天性豚鼠巨细胞病毒 (GPCMV) 感染的结果并减少豚鼠模型中的病毒复制。

Quinoprazine, a powerful inhibitor of Vaccinia virus DNA synthesis (IC50 = 10 μM), exhibits notable antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei. Additionally, it demonstrates significant antiprion potency, effectively reducing levels of PrPSc [1]-[5].

EICAR is a drug which acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme IMP dehydrogenase. It is a nucleoside derivative which has both anti-cancer and antiviral effects, and was originally developed for the treatment of leukemia, but was unsuccessful in human clinical trials. It has broad spectrum antiviral effects with activity against vaccinia virus, Semliki forest virus, Junin virus, reovirus, influenza, measles virus and respiratory syncytial virus among others, although it is not active against SARS. This useful spectrum of activity means that EICAR and related derivatives continue to be investigated for the treatment of viral diseases.

Enrofloxacin monohydrochloride (BAY Vp 2674 monohydrochloride) 为一种针对Mycoplasma bovis具有高效抗菌作用的抗生素，MIC90值为0.312 μg/mL。此外，Enrofloxacin monohydrochloride 亦展现出对牛痘病毒的抗病毒活性。

5'-Ethynyl-2'-deoxycytidine (EdC) functions as a nucleoside analog effectively inhibiting the replication of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) KOS strain with an ID50 of 0.2 μg/mL. Additionally, it decreases virus-induced cytopathogenic effects in PRK cells for HSV-1, HSV-2, and vaccinia virus strains, demonstrating MIC values between 0.2 to 5 μg/mL. EdC acts as a thymidylate synthetase inhibitor, selectively impacting the DNA incorporation rates of [1',2'-3H]deoxyuridine compared to [CH3-3H]deoxythymidine in PRK cells with ID50s of 3 and 120 μg/mL, respectively. It further inhibits thymidine synthetase and curtails L1210 cell proliferation, a process reversible by deoxythymidine (ID50s are 4.4 and 1,000 μg/mL, respectively). Also, EdC is utilized in monitoring DNA synthesis and cellular replication through click chemistry conjugation, linking its ethynyl group with the azido group of various fluorochromes.

5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine 是一种有效的HSV-1、HSV-2 和痘苗病毒抑制剂，可转化为肟和二硫戊环衍生物。

Karalicin 可抑制单纯疱疹病毒 HSV-1、HSV-2、痘苗病毒和脊髓灰质炎病毒 I 型，其 IC50(μg/mL) 分别为 0.004、0.008、0.016 和 0.016。

ssVACV-70mer sodium 是一种70 bp的单链寡核苷酸，包含痘苗病毒DNA的病毒序列。与双链版本dsVACV 70mer相比，ssVACV-70mer sodium 并非IFN诱导剂。

dsVACV-70mer sodium是一种70 bp的双链寡核苷酸，包含源自动物疫苗病毒DNA的病毒DNA序列。它通过一种依赖于STING的机制有效地诱导IFN-β。