Ecamsule disodium is a versatile UVA filter compound commonly employed in the formulation of sunscreen products. Its primary role is to mitigate the potential harm posed by solar radiation through the prevention of various biological repercussions induced by UV exposure. These include the inhibition of pyrimidine dimer formation, the reduction of p53 protein accumulation, and the downregulation of collagenase 2 expression.
Shinorine, a mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA), is a small molecule sunscreen produced in some bacteria. Shinorine ameliorates chromium induced toxicity in zebrafish hepatocytes through the facultative activation of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE pathway. Shinorine is also an analogue of porphyra-344. Both porphyra-334 and shinorine are antioxidants and direct antagonists of Keap1-Nrf2 binding. Shinorine may be a useful agent to prevent or retard the progression of multiple degenerative disorders of ageing. Shinorine is a demethyl-analog of Porphyra 334.