saliva

Copper tripeptide (GHK-Cu) 是天然存在的三肽，首先从人血浆中分离，但也能够在唾液和尿液中发现。它能够提高成纤维细胞中胶原蛋白，弹性蛋白，蛋白多糖和糖胺聚糖中信使 RNA 的产生。在伤口愈合期间，它能够通过蛋白水解从现有的细胞外蛋白质中除去，并且用作炎性和内皮细胞的化学引诱物。它是皮肤再生中多种细胞途径的天然调节剂。

α-Amylase, Human Saliva (1,4-alpha-D-Glucan-glucanohydrolase, ptyalin) 是一种可用于生命科学研究的生物材料或有机化合物。

Salivaricin B 是由乳杆菌 M7 产生的广谱细菌素，能够抑制单核细胞增生李斯特菌 (Listeria monocytogenes)、蜡样芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus cereus)、热杀索丝菌 (Brochothrix thermosphacta)、粪肠球菌 (Enterococcus faecalis) 以及多种乳酸杆菌的生长。

Tolterodine tartrate (PNU-200583E) 是毒蕈碱受体的有效拮抗剂。 它在体内显示出对膀胱和唾液腺的选择性。

λ-Cyhalothrin (Icon) 是广谱的 II 型合成除虫菊酯杀虫剂，含有 α-氰基，用于防治多种害虫。它是一种钠通道神经毒素，靶向中枢神经系统中神经元膜。

Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate 是乙酰胆碱的奎尼丁衍生物，也是选择性的和口服活性的毒蕈碱型M1和M3受体激动剂。它可穿过血脑屏障，刺激唾液腺分泌，用作口干症的催涎剂。

p-Toluic Acid (4-Methylbenzoic acid) 是一种合成对氨基甲基苯甲酸 (PAMBA)，是被取代的苯甲酸，是一种对甲苯腈等的中间体。

Diphenmanil methylsulfate (Diphemanil mesylate) 是一种抗胆碱能季铵盐，可与毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体结合，从而减少胃酸、汗液和唾液的分泌。

N-Acetyl-L-leucine 是内源性代谢产物的一种。

(R)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (D-Proline) 是天然氨基酸 L -脯氨酸的异构体。D -氨基酸在人类血浆和唾液中含量相对较高。这些氨基酸可能是细菌来源，但也有证据表明它们是通过氨基酸消旋酶活性内源性产生的。

(S)-(-)-Phenylethanol ((-)-Methyl phenyl carbinol) 是内源性代谢产物的一种。

L-Hyoscyamine (Daturine) 是从山莨菪中提取的一种托烷生物碱，是竞争性的毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂。它是 Atropine 的左旋异构体。

Propiverine N-oxide 是盐酸丙哌林的主要代谢产物，能够影响小型猪的膀胱收缩和唾液分泌。

L-Hyoscyamine sulfate (Levsin Sulfate) 是来自山莨菪的一种托烷生物碱，是竞争性的毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂。它是 Atropine 的左旋异构体。

Pepsin is an endopeptidase that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids that can be easily absorbed in the small intestine[1]. Pepsin is stable at pH ranges as high as pH 6. Above this pH, pepsin is rapidly irreversibly inactivated and elevation of pH of the reaction mixture to pH 8 results in complete inactivation of pepsin[2]. Pepsin has been posited to be a reliable biological marker of EER. An immunologic pepsin assay of combined sputum and saliva was determined to be 100% sensitive and 89% specific for detection of EER (based on pH-metry), and an enzymatic test of nasal lavage fluid (100% sensitivity and 92.5% specificity) demonstrated an increased incidence of EER in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis[3]. Cultured hypopharyngeal epithelial (FaDu) cells were exposed to human pepsin (0.1 mg/mL) at pH 7.4 for either 1 hour or 12 hours at 37°C and both mitochondria and Golgi complexes were clearly damaged. This finding reveals a novel mechanism by which pepsin could cause cell damage, potentially even in nonacidic refluxate[4].

Atropine Oxide is a derivative of Atropine. Atropine is a medication to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings as well as some types of slow heart rate and to decrease saliva production during surgery. Atropine is a competitive antagonist of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor types M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5. It is classified as an anticholinergic drug (parasympatholytic).

5α-Androst-16-en-3-one, a mammalian pheromone present in boar saliva, plays a crucial role in facilitating social and sexual interactions by acting as a volatile chemical cue. It is utilized to prime sows in estrus for mating or artificial insemination, underscoring its significance in reproductive behavior. Additionally, this compound is detected in human sweat and urine, where it is involved in studies concerning receptor-mediated odorant detection and the genetic foundations of anosmias, thereby broadening its scope of relevance beyond the animal kingdom.

D-Fructose 6-phosphate dipotassium 是唾液中的一种内源代谢物，参与影响细胞生长和自噬，并可以通过 Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) 水解获得。在磷酸葡萄糖异构酶的催化下，可以转化为 D-glucose 6-phosphate (HY-112537)。作为糖酵解 (Glycolysis) 途径与磷酸戊糖途径 (Pentose Phosphate Pathway) 的糖中间体，D-Fructose 6-phosphate dipotassium 可用于研究路易体痴呆。