mutagenesis

Sulfuretin 是竞争性单酚酶和二酚酶活性抑制剂，IC50=13.64 μM。它通过抑制NF-κB 通路来抑制炎症反应。 它可用于过敏性气道炎症的研究。它减少氧化应激、血小板聚集和诱变。

Robinetin (3,3',4',5',7-Pentahydroxyflavone) 是一种天然黄酮，具有显著的“两种颜色”固有荧光特性。它具有抗真菌、抗病毒、抗菌、抗突变、抗氧化和抗自由基活性，高效抑制 EYPC 膜脂质过氧化和 HbA 糖基化。

alpha-Hexylcinnamaldehyde是一种衍生自肉桂醛的化合物，具有潜在的抗诱变和化学增敏特性，被广泛用作许多个人护理品的成分，以及食品和制药行业的添加剂。

KP-1212 是一种合成核苷类似物，通过诱导病毒基因组发生致死性突变，使突变率超过病毒存活阈值，从而发挥抗病毒活性。研究表明KP-1212 可抑制 HIV 的生长，因此成为研究抗病毒作用机制、病毒复制保真性及基于突变驱动的治疗策略的重要研究化合物。

2-Aminophenanthrene是一种多环芳香胺生物医学化合物，主要用于研究环境污染物相关的代谢活化、DNA加合物形成以及诱变和致癌机制。

Acetylaminofluorene-dG is a carcinogenic adduct which covalently binds DNA bases and promotes mutagenesis near the adduct site.

4-hydroxy Nonenal is a lipid peroxidation product derived from oxidized ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and linoleic acid. [1] [2] It exhibits various biological activities such as cytotoxicity, growth inhibiting activity, genotoxicity, and chemotactic activity and has been widely used as a marker of lipid peroxidation.[1][2][3] 4-oxo-2-Nonenal is a more recently identified product of lipid peroxidation.[4][5][6] It actively modifies histidine and lysine residues on proteins and causes protein cross-linking. [7][8] 4-oxo-2-Nonenal also modifies 2’-deoxyguanosine, further implicating lipid peroxidation in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.[4]

Palmitic acid-1-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid (T2908) is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid (T2908) is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6

NHC-triphosphate triammonium is an active phosphorylated intracellular metabolite of β-d-N4-Hydroxycytidine (NHC) as a triphosphate form[1]. NHC-triphosphate triammonium is a weak alternative substrate for the viral polymerase and can be incorporated into HCV replicon RNA[1][2]. In an intracellular metabolism assay, HCV replicon cells are treated with 10 μM 3H-labeled NHC, and intracellular nucleotide levels are determined after 1, 2 and 8 hours incubations. NHC is rapidly convered into the mono-, di-, and triphosphate forms, and NHC-TP reaches up to 71.12 pM after 8 hours[1].NHC-triphosphate triammonium (NHC-TP) (5-40 μM) absence leads to full-length polymerization products, it can be a weak alternative substrate. In addition, incorporation of NHC-TP instead of CTP increases the molecular weight of the polymerization product by 16 (one extra oxygen) for each event and an obvious electrophoretic shift is observed in cell-free HCV NS5B polymerization reactions[1].Huh-7 cells are incubated with (10-50 μM; 4 h) NHC or a McGuigan phosphoramidate prodrug of NHC. Intracellular levels of the parental compounds and phosphorylated metabolites are measured using LC-MS/MS. Small amounts of NHC-monophosphate (MP) and NHC-diphosphate (DP) can be observed, while NHC-triphosphate triammonium remains the most abundant metabolite[2].NHC-triphosphate triammonium (NHC-TP) metabolite may directly target the viral polymerase and behave as a nonobligate chain terminator. It plays a prominent role in inhibiting early negative-strand RNA synthesis, either through chain termination or mutagenesis, which may in turn interfere with correct replicase complex formation. [1]. Stuyver LJ,et al. Ribonucleoside analogue that blocks replication of bovine viral diarrhea and hepatitis C viruses in culture.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jan;47(1):244-54. [2]. Maryam Ehteshami, et al. Characterization of β-d- N4-Hydroxycytidine as a Novel Inhibitor of Chikungunya Virus.

Allixin is a phytoallexin found in garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs. Allixin has weak antimicrobial activity and exerts an anti-promoting activity against skin tumors induced by the chemical 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Allixin also demonstrates an inhibitory effect on aflatoxin B1-induced mutagenesis.

ε-dATP是一种具有荧光性的嘌呤核苷酸2’-脱氧腺苷-5’-O-三磷酸（dATP）衍生物。它能在50至150µM的浓度范围内诱导初级小鼠脾脏T细胞和B细胞在脂多糖(LPS)或刀豆蛋白A刺激下发生姊妹染色单体交换。ε-dATP已被用于研究乙烯氯诱导的突变过程中模糊碱基配对的情况。相关的ATP衍生物ε-ATP，在300 nm激发下显示415 nm的发射峰值。

dITP trisodium salt (2'-Deoxyinosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium salt) 存在于超嗜热细菌 Thermotoga maritima 中，可在诱变PCR中用作突变试剂。

4-Oxo-2-nonanal (4-ONE) is a lipid peroxidation product that actively modifies histidine and lysine residues in proteins, leading to protein cross-linking, and alters 2'-deoxyguanosine, indicating its role in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. 4-ONE alkyne, an alkyne-tagged electrophile, serves as a probe for isolating and identifying lipid peroxidation reaction products through click chemistry.

alpha-Hexylcinnamaldehyde (Standard) 是 alpha-Hexylcinnamaldehyde 的标准品，适用于定量分析、质量控制及生化实验等相关研究。alpha-Hexylcinnamaldehyde是一种衍生自肉桂醛的化合物，具有潜在的抗诱变和化学增敏特性，被广泛用作许多个人护理品的成分，以及食品和制药行业的添加剂。

Matairesinoside 是从日本安息香 (Styrax japonica S. et Z) 树皮中分离的木脂素，具有抗菌、抗氧化特性，并能作为病毒与细胞融合抑制剂。研究显示，Matairesinoside 是 ANO1 的强效抑制剂，该靶点参与肺癌进展。分子模拟及定点突变实验证实其靶向作用。Matairesinoside 显著抑制肺癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭，并诱导凋亡。

1-β-D-2'-Deoxyribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide-5'-O-triphosphate (tetrasodium) 是一种核苷酸类似物，可用于序列饱和诱变 (SeSaM) 方法的研究。

ARP (Aldehyde reactive probe) 是一种醛反应探针，用于通过生物素残基特异性标记 AP 位点来检测 DNA 中的脱碱基位点（这是一种常见的 DNA 损伤以及诱变和致癌的中间体）。ARP 具有极高的灵敏度，可以在每 10^4 核苷酸少于 1 个位点的情况下检测到飞摩尔级的脱碱基位点。