invertebrates

Octopamine hydrochloride ((±)-p-Octopamine hydrochlorid) 是一种与去甲肾上腺素结构相关的生物单胺类物质，在无脊椎动物中起着神经调节剂、神经激素和神经递质的作用。它对转染人 alpha2-肾上腺素受体(ARs)的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞 α2-ARs 有刺激作用。它提高糖原分解、糖酵解、糖异生、摄氧量和门脉灌注压。

Lamellarin D (Lamellarine D) 是一种从海洋无脊椎动物中分离的六环吡咯生物碱,是一种线粒体靶向型的拓扑异构酶 I 抑制剂，也是一种促凋亡剂。

Chitin 是一种大型的结构多糖，存在于真菌的细胞壁、昆虫的外骨骼以及鱼类和无脊椎动物的某些坚硬结构中。

(-)-Aspartic acid (L-Homoproline) 是一种存在于无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中的内源性氨基酸，是 NMDA 受体激动剂，可调节睾酮合成。

Adhibin 是 RhoGAP IX 类肌球蛋白 (RhoGAP class IX myosin) 的变构抑制剂，能抑制哺乳动物和无脊椎动物中的 Myo9 ATPase，IC50 值分别为 2.5 µM 和 2.6 µM。Adhibin 通过与 ATPase 结合，干扰肌球蛋白的运动功能，阻碍 RhoGTPase 相关信号通路，并影响细胞的迁移、粘附和分裂。该化合物可用于癌症转移研究。

Clethodim 是一种选择性除草剂，通过抑制乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶活性来控制一年生和多年生禾本科杂草。Clethodim 具有高水溶性、低挥发性及有限的环境持久性，对鸟类、鱼类及蜜蜂等传粉昆虫中等毒性，而对水生无脊椎动物和藻类毒性较低，因此在实现农作物杂草控制的同时具有较好的环境可控性。

Biosynthesis of 12(R)-HETE in invertebrates is via lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid . In mammals, 12(R)-HETE can be produced by 12(R)-LOs and also by CYP450 oxidation. The activity of 12(R)-HETE in mammals is predominantly proinflammatory. 12(R)-HETE exhibits dose-dependent leukocyte chemotaxis at concentrations as low as 100 nM, and lowers intraocular pressure in rabbits.

Ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE) is an analog of sphingomyelin that contains ethanolamine rather than choline as the head group. It is the principal membrane phospholipid in invertebrates such as Drosophila, which lacks sphingomyelin. It is only produced in small amounts in mammalian cells, accounting for approximately 0.02 mol% of total phospholipids in mouse testis and brain. In Drosophila, CPE is biosynthesized by CPE synthase from ceramide and cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine in the Golgi lumen. In mammals, it is biosynthesized by sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) in the plasma membrane and by sphingomyelin synthase-related protein (SMSr) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In Drosophila, CPE has a role in glial ensheathment of axons. Disrupting CPE synthesis by depleting SMSr in vitro in mammalian cells leads to an accumulation of ER ceramides, which are then mislocalized to the mitochondria, inducing apoptosis. However, ceramide levels are not altered in transgenic mice lacking SMSr catalytic activity. CPEs (bovine) is a mixture of CPEs with variable N-acyl chain lengths.

8(R)-HETE is biosynthesized by lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid in marine invertebrates such as gorgonian corals and starfish. Stereochemical assignment of the (R) enantiomer is based on comparison of chiral HPLC retention times to published results.

Phospho-L-Arginine (lithium salt hydrate)是一种精氨酸衍生物，可用于生物化学实验和药物合成研究。

Ser-Ala-alloresact，一种精子激活肽(SAP)，在海洋无脊椎动物卵释放过程中对受精起着关键作用的多肽。

Paucimannose是一种在无脊椎动物和植物中常见的N-糖表位，它的甘露糖苷聚糖形式在癌症中表达。

Octopamine-D4 hydrochloride是Octopamine hydrochloride (T0469)的氘代物。Octopamine ( (±)-p-Octopamine)hydrochloride是一种生物单胺，与去甲肾上腺素结构相似，在无脊椎动物中作为神经激素、神经调节剂和神经递质。Octopamine hydrochloride 能够刺激转染人 alpha2-肾上腺素受体 (ARs)的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中的 α2-ARs。此外，Octopamine hydrochloride 增加糖原分解、糖酵解、摄氧量、糖异生和门脉灌注压。

Octopamine hydrochloride (Standard) 是 Octopamine hydrochloride 的标准品，适用于定量分析、质量控制及生化实验等相关研究。Octopamine hydrochloride ((±)-p-Octopamine hydrochlorid) 是一种与去甲肾上腺素结构相关的生物单胺类物质，在无脊椎动物中起着神经调节剂、神经激素和神经递质的作用。它对转染人 alpha2-肾上腺素受体(ARs)的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞 α2-ARs 有刺激作用。它提高糖原分解、糖酵解、糖异生、摄氧量和门脉灌注压。

Ferritin is a protein of 450 kDa consisting of 24 subunits that is present in every cell type. Invertebrates, these subunits are both the light (L) and the heavy (H) type with an apparent molecular weight of 19 kDA or 21 kDA respectively. The ferritin fou

Echinotocin 是一种从海胆中提取的神经肽，主要表现出肌肉收缩的活性。该化合物主要引发海胆的管足及食道收缩，常用于探究神经肽在无脊椎动物的生理及行为功能中的角色。