influenza a virus in 1

Influenza A virus-IN-1, a dihydropyrrolidones derivative, is a highly effective inhibitor of various subtypes of influenza A virus (IAV) with IC 50 values ranging from 3.11 μM to 7.13 μM. It effectively suppresses IAV replication and enhances the expression of key antiviral cytokines, such as IFN-β, and the antiviral protein MxA.

Influenza virus-IN-1 (compound 14) 具有抗甲型流感病毒活性，它是甲型流感病毒的有效抑制剂，其CC50值 >200 μM，EC50值为 2.46 μM。Influenza virus-IN-1 对 PAN 核酸内切酶显示出浓度依赖性的抑制活性 (EC50 = 312.36 nM)。

Influenza A virus-IN-14 (Compound 37) 是一种甲型流感病毒 (IAV) 的抑制剂，能够有效抑制 H1N1，EC50 为 23 nM。该化合物的细胞毒性较低，CC50 大于 100 μM。Influenza A virus-IN-14 能抑制细胞病变效应并提升 Calu3 细胞的存活率。此外，它与神经氨酸酶抑制剂 Oseltamivir 展现出协同作用。然而，Influenza A virus-IN-14 在 CD-1 小鼠中显示出较差的药代动力学特性。

Influenza A virus-IN-15 (Compound 9b)，作为喹啉衍生物，展示了广谱的抗流感病毒活性，IC50 范围为 0.88-6.33 μM，同时具备可接受的细胞毒性。该化合物通过抑制病毒 RNA 的转录和复制，用于甲型流感病毒 (IAV) 的研究。

Influenza A virus-IN-16 (compound 10) 是一种有效的抗病毒化合物，对H7N1假病毒的抑制效果显著，EC50为0.09 μM。

Ginkgetin 是从银杏叶中分离得到的一种双黄酮，具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、神经保护、抗真菌的作用。它也是 Wnt 信号抑制剂，IC50值为 5.92 μM。

Triton X-100 是一种溶解脂膜的非变性洗涤剂。Triton X-100 通常用于实验室，并在生产过程的不同阶段应用于疫苗。Triton X-100 被列为某些疫苗,包括裂解病毒流感疫苗的赋形剂。Triton X-100 是一种非离子表面活性剂。

Arbidol (Umifenovir) 是一种具有口服活性广谱抗病毒化合物，属于融合抑制剂，可与 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白相互作用。Arbidol 对多种冠状病毒显示出抑制活性。Arbidol 具有抗炎抗氧化活性，可用于研究浓度感染。

Olomoucine II 是一种高效的细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂，对 CDK1、CDK2、CDK4、CDK7 和 CDK9 的 IC50 分别为 7.6、0.1、19.8、0.45 和 0.06 μM。Olomoucine II 对多种其他激酶具有较高选择性，同时对 ERK2 和 ABCB1 保持可检测的活性。Olomoucine II 可在不同 p53 状态的癌细胞系中抑制细胞增殖，并在 ABCB1 表达的 HCT-8 细胞中与 daunorubicin 产生协同作用。此外，Olomoucine II 还能抑制 HSV-1、HSV-2、痘苗病毒、腺病毒 4 型及人巨细胞病毒的复制，是一种重要的抗病毒和抗癌研究工具。

Colletodiol is a fungal metabolite that has been found inD. grovesiiand has immunosuppressant and antiviral activities.1,2It inhibits concanavalin A- or LPS-induced proliferation of isolated mouse splenocytes (IC50s = 12 and 5 μg/ml, respectively).1Colletodiol inhibits influenza A viral replication in HeLa-IAV-Luc cells.2 1.Fujimoto, H., Nagano, J., Yamaguchi, K., et al.Immunosuppressive components from an ascomycete, Diplogelasinospora grovesiChem. Pharm. Bull.46(3)423-429(1998) 2.Lai, W., Wang, S., and Ye, X.Colletodiol inhibits the replication of influenza A virus WSN/H1N1 by reducing the activity of viral RNA polymeraseWei Sheng Wu Xue Bao53(12)1334-1339(2013)

CAY10766 is an antiviral compound.1It inhibits entry of influenza virus-like particles pseudotyped with hemagglutinin A (HA) from H5N1 influenza A virus into A549 cells (EC50= 0.24 μM). CAY10766 (1 μM) reduces H1N1 and H5N1 influenza A viral titers in infected MDCK cells. It also exhibits synergy with oseltamivir carboxylate in MDCK cells infected with the influenza A reporter PR8-NS1-Gluc virus.

Australine is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid originally isolated fromC. australethat has enzyme inhibitory activities.1,2,3It is an inhibitor of glucoamylase (IC50= 5.8 μM) that also inhibits glucosidase I, sucrase, maltase, andA. nigerα-glucosidase (IC50s = 20, 28, 35, and 28 μM, respectively).2,3Australine is selective for these enzymes over glucosidase II, α- and β-mannosidase, and α- and β-galactosidase up to 500 μM, β-glucosidase, with only 5% inhibition at 66 μM, as well as isomaltase and trehalase (IC50= 97 and 160 μM, respectively). Australine (500 μg/ml) inhibits glycoprotein processing of viral glycoproteins in influenza virus-infected MDCK cells and induces the accumulation of glycoproteins.2 1.Molyneux, R.J., Benson, M., Wong, R.Y., et al.Australine, a novel pyrrolizidine alkaloid glucosidase inhibitor from Castanospermum australJ. Nat. Prod.51(6)1198-1206(1988) 2.Tropea, J.E., Molyneux, R.J., Kaushal, G.P., et al.Australine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid that inhibits amyloglucosidase and glycoprotein processingBiochemistry28(5)2027-2034(1989) 3.Kato, A., Kano, E., Adachi, I., et al.Australine and related alkaloids: easy structural confirmation by 13C NMR spectral data and biological activitiesTetrahedron Asymmetry14(3)325-331(2003)

KBC-007 is a synthetic branched chain-containing analog of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). It induces IL-4 and IFN-γ secretion by mouse splenocytes when used at a concentration of 0.5 ng/ml and IL-2 secretion by DN32.D3 NKT hybridoma cells co-cultured with CD1d-transfected RBL cells pre-loaded with KBC-007 at a concentration of 8 ng/ml. KBC-007 (1 μg per animal) increases levels of IL-4, but not IFN-γ, to a similar degree as α-GalCer in mouse serum. KBC-007 (0.5 μg per animal) increases the survival rate of mice immunized with the inactivated influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 in a model of influenza infection.

Defensin HNP-3 is a peptide secreted by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) that has antimicrobial properties. It induces lysis of mammalian cells when used at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. It also inhibits growth of E. faecalis (ED50 = 100 nM) and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa (MIC90 = 4 μM). HNP-3 binds to recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) and human CD4 (Kds = 52.8 and 34.9 nM, respectively). It also binds to recombinant, immobilized human surfactant protein D (SP-D; Kd = 55.7 nM) and inhibits focus formation in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells infected with influenza A virus (IAV).

Zanamivir-13C,15N2is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of zanamivir by GC- or LC-MS. Zanamivir is a sialic acid analog that inhibits neuraminidase release of newly replicated influenza virus particles.1It has been shown to selectively inhibit the growth of influenza A and B viruses in plaque reduction assays with IC50values ranging from 5 to 14 nM and to directly inhibit influenza A and B virus neuraminidases with IC50values ranging from 0.6 to 7.9 nMin vitro. Intranasal zanamivir administration at 0.4 mg/kg twice daily reduces mortality and viral titers in lung homogenates of mice infected with influenza. 1.Elliott, M.Zanamivir: From drug design to the clinicPhilos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol Sci.356(1416)1885-1893(2001)

Ribavirin-13C5is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of ribavirin by GC- or LC-MS. Ribavirin is an antiviral guanosine nucleoside analog.1,2Upon entry into cells, ribavirin is metabolized to an active triphosphate form that induces viral RNA chain termination and inhibits viral polymerases. It reduces replication in a panel of seven RNA and four DNA viruses in Vero cells (EC50s = 2-95 μg/ml).3Ribavirin also reduces replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Vero cells (EC50= 109.5 μM).4Aerosol administration of ribavirin (30 mg/kg) reduces mortality in a mouse model of influenza A infection.5Formulations containing ribavirin have been used in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and viral hemorrhagic fevers. 1.Gilbert, B.E., and Knight, V.Biochemistry and clinical applications of ribavirinAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.30(2)201-205(1986) 2.Gordon, C.J., Tchesnokov, E.P., Woolner, E., et al.Remdesivir is a direct-acting antiviral that inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with high potencyJ. Biol. Chem.295(20)6785-6797(2020) 3.Kirsi, J.J., North, J.A., McKernan, P.A., et al.Broad-spectrum antiviral activity of 2-β-D-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide, a new antiviral agentAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.24(3)353-361(1983) 4.Wang, M., Cao, R., Zhang, L., et al.Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitroCell Res.30(3)269-271(2020) 5.Wilson, S.Z., Knight, V., Wyde, P.R., et al.Amantadine and ribavirin aerosol treatment of influenza A and B infection in miceAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.17(4)642-648(1980)

10-Norparvulenone is a fungal metabolite originally isolated fromMicrosphaeropsis.1It decreases viral sialidase activity in, and increases survival of, MDCK cells infected with the mouse-adapted influenza virus A/PR/8/34 when used at a concentration of 1 μg/ml. 1.Fukami, A., Nakamura, T., Kim, Y.P., et al.A new anti-influenza virus antibiotic, 10-norparvulenone from Microsphaeropsis sp. FO-5050J. Antibiot. (Tokyo)53(10)1215-1218(2000)

Influenza virus-IN-2 (compound 19) 具有抗甲型流感病毒活性，是有效的流感病毒抑制剂，CC50值为 150.85 μM，EC50值为 2.58 μM,。Influenza virus-IN-2 浓度依赖性的抑制 PAN 核酸内切酶，EC50为 489.39 nM。

RSV-IN-4 (Compound 2) 具有抗 RSV 活性，EC50值为11.76 μM。RSV-IN-4 是呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 和甲流病毒 A (IAV) 的双重抑制剂。

RSV-IN-3 (Compound 1) 是呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV) 和流感病毒 A (IAV) 的双重抑制剂。RSV-IN-3 具有抗 RSV 活性 (EC50=32.70 μM)。

Influenza A virus-IN-4 (compound 23b), a derivative of Oseltamivir, is a highly effective neuraminidase inhibitor. It exerts potent inhibitory effects on influenza viruses [1].

Influenza A virus-IN-5 (Compound 16e) is a highly potent and orally active agent against the influenza A virus (IAV), exhibiting an IC 50 of 1.29 μM. It effectively inhibits the transcription and replication of viral RNA while maintaining acceptable levels of cytotoxicity [1].

Influenza virus-IN-5 (Compound 5f) 是一种流感病毒血球凝集素 (hemagglutinin (HA)) 抑制剂，能够作用于 A/H3N2 病毒 (EC50: 1 nM)。

Cap-dependent endonuclease-IN-1 是一种具有高效性和口服活性的帽依赖内切酶抑制剂，具有抗病毒活性，可用于研究流感病毒感染。