b. cereus

Nonanal 是木材腐烂真菌的生长因子。 Nonanal 是松梢甲虫的潜在引诱剂。

Antibacterialagent 253 (compound 7a) 对多种细菌表现出显著的抗菌活性。其最小抑制浓度 (MIC) 针对铜绿假单胞菌 (P. aeruginosa)、金黄色葡萄球菌 (S. aureus)、单核细胞增生李斯特菌 (L. monocytogenes)、蜡样芽孢杆菌 (B. cereus) 和伤寒沙门氏菌 (S. typhi) 均为 1.562 μg mL，显示出其广泛的抑制能力。

2-Acetylthiophene thiosemicarbazone是一种抗菌剂，对多种革兰氏阴性菌（如大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和奇异变形杆菌）和革兰氏阳性菌（如金黄色葡萄球菌、微黄奈瑟菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌）具有抗菌活性。此外，2-[1-(2-噻吩基)亚乙基]肼基硫代甲酰胺还对多种真菌（如白色念珠菌、假丝酵母、红色毛癣菌、尖孢镰刀菌、黄曲霉和短小芽孢杆菌）具有抗菌活性。

Myxochelin A is a microbial metabolite that has been found inA. disciformisand has diverse biological activities.1It is active against Gram-positive bacteria, includingB. cereus,S. aureus, andM. luteus, but not Gram-negative bacteria or fungi in an agar diffusion assay when used at a concentration of 80 μg disc. Myxochelin A inhibits 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) activity with an IC50value of 1.9 μM for the recombinant human enzyme.2It is cytotoxic to 26-L5 colon cancer cells when used at a concentration of 3 μg ml.3

Neospiramycin I is a macrolide antibiotic and derivative of spiramycin I.1It is active against the macrolide-sensitive KB210, but not the macrolide-resistant KB224, strain ofS. aureus(MICs = 3.12 and >100 μg/ml, respectively), as well asB. cereus,B. subtilis,M. luteus,E. coli, andK. pneumoniae(MICs = 1.56, 3.12, 3.12, 0.2, 50, and 12.5 μg/ml, respectively). Neospiramycin I binds toE. coliribosomes with an IC50value of 1.2 μM. It protects against mortality in a mouse model ofS. pneumoniaetype III infection (ED50= 399.8 mg/kg).2

Terpendole I is a fungal metabolite that has been found in A. yamanashiensis.1 It is a weak inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT; IC50 = 145 μM) and is active against the bacteria B. cereus and B. subtilis (MICs = 100 μg/ml for both) but not S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, or K. pneumoniae (MICs = >200 μg/ml for all) or the fungus C. albicans (MIC = 200 μg/ml).1,2 It is cytotoxic to HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 52.6 μM.3 |1. Tomoda, H., Tabata, N., Yang, D.-J., et al. Terpendoles, novel ACAT inhibitors produced by Albophoma yamanashiensis. III. Production, isolation and structure elucidation of new components. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 48(8), 793-804 (1995).|2. Zhao, J.-C., Wang, Y.-L., Zhang, T.-Y., et al. Indole diterpenoids from the endophytic fungus Drechmeria sp. as natural antimicrobial agents. Phytochemistry 148, 21-28 (2018).|3. Nagumo, Y., Motoyama, T., Hayashi, T., et al. Structure-activity relationships of terpendole E and its natural derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2(4), 1533-1536 (2017).

TAN 420E is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces. It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 1.3 μM) and reduces thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in rat liver microsomes by 72% when used at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. TAN 420E is active against B. brevis, B. cereus, M. flavus, and S. aureus (MICs = 50-100 μg/ml). It is cytotoxic to P388 and KB lymphocytic leukemia cells (EC50s = 0.022 and 0.3 μg/ml, respectively).

Rugulotrosin A is an antibiotic originally isolated from Penicillium. It is active against the Gram-positive bacteria E. faecalis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, and S. aureus with 99% lethal dose (LD99) values of 1.6, 3.1, 5.5, and 200 μg ml, respectively. Rugulotrosin A is inactive against Gram-negative bacteria.

1-Undecanoyl-rac-glycerol is a monoacylglycerol that contains undecanoic acid at the sn-1 position. It completely inhibits the growth of the bacteria B. cereus, B. subtilis, M. luteus, E. faecalis, and S. aureus when used at concentrations ranging from 250 to 1,500 mg L.1 1-Undecanoyl-rac-glycerol (0.1 and 0.3 mg ml) also has antifungal activity against K. marxianus, S. cerevisiae, and C. maltosa.2

Aspergillin PZ is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. awamori. It induces morphological deformation of P. oryzae conidia when used at a concentration of 89 nM. Aspergillin PZ is active against S. epidermidis (MIC = 20 μM) but not S. aureus, E. coli, or B. cereus (MICs = >20 μM). It is cytotoxic to HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells (IC50 = 56.61 μM) but not THP-1 acute monocytic leukemia or PC3 prostate cancer cells (IC50s = >80 μM).

CAY10742 is an orally bioavailable oxadiazole antibiotic.1It is active against the Gram-positive bacteriaS. aureus,S. epidermidis,S. haemolyticus,B. cereus,B. licheniformis,E. faecalis, andE. faecium(MICs = 1-4 μg/ml), including laboratory strains and clinical isolates with varying degrees of resistance to methicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, and other antibiotics. CAY10742 (40 mg/kg) reduces the number of bacteria in mouse neutropenic thigh models of linezolid-sensitive or -resistant methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) infection. 1.Boudreau, M.A., Ding, D., Meisel, J.E., et al.Structure-activity relationship for the oxadiazole class of antibacterialsMed. Chem. Lett.11(3)322-326(2019)

Galbinic acid is a depsidone lichen metabolite that has been found in U. undulata.1,2 It is active against the Gram-positive bacteria B. cereus, B. subtilis, and S. aureus, but not S. epidermidis (MICs = 62.5, 62.5, 250, and >250 μg/ml, respectively), as well as the Gram-negative bacterium E. coli, but not S. sonnei (MICs = 125 and >250 μg/ml, respectively).3 |1. Salgado, F., Albornoz, L., Cortéz, C., et al. Secondary metabolite profiling of species of the genus Usnea by UHPLC-ESI-OT-MS-MS. Molecules 23(1), E54 (2017).|2. Elix, J.A., and Engkaninan, U. The structure of galbinic acid. A depsidone from the lichen Usnea undulata. Aust. J. Chem. 28(8), 1793-1797 (1975).|3. Sultana, N., and Afolayan, A.J. A new depsidone and antibacterial activities of compounds from Usnea undulata Stirton. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 13(12), 1158-1164 (2011).

Nybomycin is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces sp. A717 and has antibacterial activity. It is active against B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. mycoides, M. smegmatis, and K. pneumoniae (MICs = 0.025, 2, 0.8, 0.2, and 0.003 μg/ml, respectively). Nybomycin is also active against M. tuberculosis and M. bovis (MICs = 4.5 and 1 μg/ml, respectively).

BE-24566B is a polyketide fungal metabolite originally isolated fromS. violaceusniger.1It is active againstB. subtilis,B. cereus,S. aureus,M. luteus,E. faecalis, andS. thermophilus(MICs = 1.56, 1.56, 1.56, 1.56, 3.13, and 3.13 μg/ml, respectively). BE-24566B is an endothelin (ET) receptor antagonist (IC50s = 11 and 3.9 μM for ETAand ETBreceptors, respectively).2 1.Kojiri, K., Nakajima, S., Fuse, A., et al.BE-24566B, a new antibiotic produced by Streptomyces violaceusnigerJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)48(12)1506-1508(1995) 2.Lam, Y.K.T., Hensens, O., Helms, G., et al.L-755,805, a new polyketide endothelin binding inhibitor from an actinomyceteTetrahedron Lett.36(12)2013-2016(1995)

Phanerosporic acid is a fungal secondary metabolite originally isolated from P. chrysosporum that has antibacterial activity against B. cereus, B. subtilis, and E. coli and antifungal activity against S. cerevisiae, A. niger, O. ulmi, U. maydis, C. cucmerinum, C. cladosporioides, and B. cinerea.1 It has been used in the synthesis of macrolide derivatives.References1. Arnone, A., Assante, G., Nasini, G., et al. Phanerosporic acid, a β-resorcylate obtained from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Phytochemistry 28(10), 2803-2806 (1989). Phanerosporic acid is a fungal secondary metabolite originally isolated from P. chrysosporum that has antibacterial activity against B. cereus, B. subtilis, and E. coli and antifungal activity against S. cerevisiae, A. niger, O. ulmi, U. maydis, C. cucmerinum, C. cladosporioides, and B. cinerea.1 It has been used in the synthesis of macrolide derivatives. References1. Arnone, A., Assante, G., Nasini, G., et al. Phanerosporic acid, a β-resorcylate obtained from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Phytochemistry 28(10), 2803-2806 (1989).

Antibacterial agent 111 (Compound 3) exhibits potent antibacterial activity against B. cereus and K. pneumonia, with MIC values of 3.90 μg mL and 0.49 μg mL, respectively. It achieves this antibacterial effect by strongly binding to specific residues of tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase [1].

Asperglaucin B 是一种来自真菌Aspergillus chevalieriSQ-8 的烷基化水杨醛衍生物，具有抗菌活性。Asperglaucin B 对两种植物病原体Pseudomonas syringae pv actinidae(Psa)和Bacillus cereus 显示出有效的抗菌活性，MIC 值为 6.25 μM。

PapRIV是最初从B. cereus分离出的一种群体感应七肽。它被转译为一个48-氨基酸多肽，由NprB蛋白酶在细胞外分泌和加工形成活性七肽。PapRIV（1-25 µM）在BV-2微胶质细胞中诱导IL-6和TNF-α的产生，并促使NF-κB转移。

Plipastatin A1是一种在B. cereus中发现的脂肽类化合物，具有酶抑制活性和免疫抑制活性。它能抑制磷脂酶A2（PLA2）、PLC和PLD（IC50分别为2.9、1.3和1.4 µM）。Plipastatin A1（100 µg ml）能抑制LPS诱导的B细胞爆发生成和Concanavalin A诱导的T细胞爆发生成。在体内，Plipastatin A1（0.1 mg 动物）能抑制小鼠的迟发型超敏反应。

Euchrestaflavanone B shows antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Euchrestaflavanone B may function by inhibiting oncogenic disease, at least in part, through the inhibition of

Euryachin E 是一种从Eurya chinensis中发现的化合物，具有抑菌和抗病毒特性。其对B. cereus的MIC为6.25 μg mL，对S. aureus的MIC为0.78 μg mL，对COVID-19的IC50为6.41 μM。Euryachin E 可用于研究感染和炎症相关领域。

Salivaricin B 是由乳杆菌 M7 产生的广谱细菌素，能够抑制单核细胞增生李斯特菌 (Listeria monocytogenes)、蜡样芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus cereus)、热杀索丝菌 (Brochothrix thermosphacta)、粪肠球菌 (Enterococcus faecalis) 以及多种乳酸杆菌的生长。