Calcitonin is a peptide hormone that lowers blood calcium level and inhibits bone resorption. It belongs to the calcitonin family of peptides, which also includes amylin , calcitonin gene-related peptide , and adrenomedullin. The binding of salmon calcitonin to the human calcitonin receptor (CTR) is not modulated by receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), which influence affinity of human calcitonin to CTR. Salmon calcitonin binds to human CTR2 with IC50 values of 0.933, 0.224, 0.134, and 0.317 nM alone and with RAMP1, 2, or 3, respectively. It induces cAMP accumulation in COS-7 cells transfected with CTR2 (EC50 = 0.166 nM). Salmon calcitonin inhibits bone resorption by osteoclasts in a pit formation assay using rat bone slices (ID50 = 0.003 pg mL) and lowers calcium level in vivo in a bioassay of hypocalcemia in rats (ED15 = 33.9 mg kg). Formulations containing salmon calcitonin have been used to treat hypercalcemia, bone destruction by osteoporosis, and Paget's disease.
Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LH-RH), synthesized in the hypothalamus, is a pituitary hormone that plays a crucial role in controlling reproductive function.
Calcitonin (8-32), salmon, is a highly selective amylin receptor antagonist. Calcitonin, a hormone involved in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, is primarily produced by the parafollicular or C cells in the thyroid gland of mammals.
Melanin Concentrating Hormone (MCH), a 19 amino acid cyclic peptide, is largely expressed in the hypothalamus. Melanin Concentrating Hormone is implicated in the control of general arousal and goal-orientated behaviours in mammals, and appears to be a key
Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa是来自伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhosa)的脂多糖内毒素及TLR-4激活剂,属于S型LPS,可以通过激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式(PAMP)诱导细胞分泌迁移体。该化合物有典型的三部分结构:O抗原、核心寡糖和脂质A。它被用作疫苗佐剂,并在体内免疫反应中展示针对B细胞的佐剂活性。
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica (Salmonella enterica) serotype enteritidis 是来自肠道沙门氏菌血清型致肠炎的脂多糖内毒素和 TLR-4 激活剂,属于 S 型 LPS,能够激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式 (PAMP),同时诱导细胞分泌迁移体。它具有典型的三部分结构:O 抗原、核心寡糖和脂质 A。此外,Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype enteritidis 可以诱发全身炎症反应,导致血浆中 TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-10 及硝酸盐水平升高。
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica (Salmonella enterica) serotype typhimurium 是来自血清型沙门氏菌的脂多糖内毒素及TLR4激活剂,属于S型LPS。该化合物具有典型的三部分结构:O抗原、核心寡糖和脂质A。它能够调控细菌在树突状细胞(DC)内的命运,影响DC对细菌的摄取、降解和免疫功能的激活。