BST1 overexpression conferred resistance to sphingosine in yeast. BST1 deletion produced sensitivity to exogenous D-erythro-sphingosine and phytosphingosine and intracellular accumulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate upon exposure to exogenous sphingosine. sphingoid base metabolism is similar in all eukaryotes and suggests that yeast genetics may be useful in the isolation and identification of other genes involved in sphingolipid signaling and metabolism.
Interferon-induced BST2 (bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2) inhibits viral replication by tethering enveloped virions to the cell surface to restrict viral release and by inducing the NFKB-dependent antiviral immune response. BST2 expression was significantly increased during porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection of Vero cells by IRF1 targeting its promoter. Both the BST2 and N protein interacted with the E3 ubiquitin ligase MARCHF8 MARCH8 and the cargo receptor.