Berotralstat (BCX7353) is a second-generation, synthetic, and orally active plasma kallikrein inhibitor with low toxicity. It is highly specific and effectively used in the research of hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks. Berotralstat functions by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of plasma kallikrein, which is responsible for the release of bradykinin. This blocking mechanism targets the major biologic peptide involved in the promotion of swelling and pain associated with HAE attacks[1][2].
Plasma kallikrein-IN-3, a potent inhibitor ( IC 50 : 0.15 μM) of plasma kallikrein, finds application in research related to hereditary angioedema, diabetic macular edema, and diabetic retinopathy [1].
KKI 5 is a serine protease inhibitor that inhibits kallikrein and plasmin. KKI 5 may exhibit anticancer chemotherapeutic benefit and may also be used as a treatment for angioedema.
Carbinoxamine, an anticholinergic and antihistamine agent, is used for hay fever, angioedema, vasomotor rhinitis, mild urticaria, dermatographism and allergic conjunctivitis. It is a histamine antagonist, specifically an H1-antagonist.