c-peptide 1 (rat)

C-Peptide 1 (rat) 为肽类化合物，作为β-catenin GSK-3β激活剂，具有调节Wnt β-catenin信号通路的功能，常用于癌症研究领域。

C-Peptide 2, rat acetate 是一种可抑制葡萄糖诱导的胰岛素分泌胰岛素原组分，由31个氨基酸残基构成的多肽和醋酸盐组成。

Neuromedin C is a bombesin-like neuropeptide that stimulates uterine smooth muscle contraction and the release of gastrin , somatostatin, and amylase in rats. Neuromedin C is a truncated form of gastrin-releasing peptide corresponding to the GRP amino acids 18-27. It inhibits GRP and bombesin binding to rat pancreatic membranes (IC50s = 0.4 and 2.2 nM, respectively), which can be reduced by sodium chloride and guanylyl imidodiphosphate . Neuromedin C induces scratching and mast cell degranulation in mice when administered intradermally at doses ranging from 1 to 300 nmol site, which is inhibited by the BB2 bombesin receptor agonist RC-3095 and reduced in mast cell-deficient mice. Neuromedin C (3.2 nmol kg, i.p.) reduces rat glucose consumption by approximately 50% for up to one hour.

Deltorphin II is a peptide agonist of δ2-opioid receptors.1,2It is selective for δ-opioid receptors over μ- and κ-opioid receptors in radioligand bindings assays (Kis = 0.0033, >1, and >1 μM, respectively) and induces [35S]GTPγS binding in mouse brain membrane preparations (EC50= 0.034 μM). Deltorphin II (0.12 mg kg) decreases the infarction zone:risk zone ratio in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by coronary occlusion, an effect that can be reversed by the δ2-opioid receptor antagonist naltriben but not the δ1-opioid receptor antagonist BNTX.3Intrathecal administration of deltorphin II (15 μg animal) increases latency to withdraw in the paw pressure and tail-flick tests in rats.4 1.Raynor, K., Kong, H., Chen, Y., et al.Pharmacological characterization of the cloned κ-, δ-, and μ-opioid receptorsMol. Pharm.45(2)330-334(1994) 2.Scherrer, G., Befort, K., Contet, C., et al.The delta agonists DPDPE and deltorphin II recruit predominantly mu receptors to produce thermal analgesia: A parallel study of mu, delta and combinatorial opioid receptor knockout miceEur. J. Neurosci.19(8)2239-2248(2004) 3.Maslov, L.N., Barzakh, E.I., Krylatov, A.V., et al.Opioid peptide deltorphin II simulates the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning: role of δ2-opioid receptors, protein kinase C, and KATP channelsBull. Exp. Biol. Med.149(5)591-593(2010) 4.Labuz, D., Toth, G., Machelska, H., et al.Antinociceptive effects of isoleucine derivatives of deltorphin I and deltorphin II in rat spinal cord: A search for selectivity of delta receptor subtypesNeuropeptides32(6)511-517(1998)

CCK (27-33) is a C-terminal fragment of CCK , a peptide hormone found in the intestine and brain that stimulates digestion, mediates satiety, and is involved in anxiety. Non-sulfated CCK (27-33) inhibits binding of [3H]naloxone in rat cerebellum membranes (IC50 = 4 uM) and inhibits electrically-stimulated contraction of isolated guinea pig ileum (IC50 = 17 uM), an effect that can be reversed by naloxone. Unlike sulfated CCK (27-33), the non-sulfated form does not reduce exploratory behavior in mice when administered at doses up to 1 uMol/kg.

[Tyr22]CalcitoninGene Related Peptide, (22-37), rat 是一种大鼠降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP) 的 22-37 片段，靶向CGRP 受体和腺苷酸环化酶。降钙素 (calcitonin) 主要由甲状腺 C 细胞产生，而 CGRP 则分泌并储存在神经系统中。

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (1-53), Porcine, Rat, mouse 主要作为颗粒鸟苷酸环化酶 B (pGC-B) 的激活剂，广泛存在于内皮细胞、肾脏和心脏中。该化合物在心脏和肾脏的成纤维细胞中通过产生二级信使cGMP发挥显著的抗纤维化功能。

TAT-P4-(DATC5)2 是PICK1 PDZ领域的高亲和性多肽抑制剂，具有 Ki 值为1.7 nM。在大鼠成瘾模型实验中，该化合物展现出抑制作用。

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) (3-36) is a C-terminal fragment of NPY, a neuropeptide involved in controlling appetite, blood pressure, cardiac contractility, and intestinal secretion. NPY (3-36) is an endogenous peptide produced by cleavage of NPY by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4). It binds selectively to the NPY receptor Y2 (Ki = 0.41 nM in CHP 234 cells) over the Y1 receptor, where it does not bind at concentrations up to 1 μM. NPY (3-36) (0.1 nM) increases migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by 80% after 12 hours in an in vitro wound closure assay. NPY (3-36) corresponds to residues 3-36 of the human and rat protein sequence.

Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA是源自POMC片段C端的黑素皮质素肽，具备增强大鼠肾上腺对促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的类固醇生成反应的能力。该化合物作为一种有效的脂解激活剂，其表观EC50值为3.56 nM，能够激活激素敏感脂肪酶(HSL)和紫苏脂素A，进而促进脂解。