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28
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T8869 | B355252 | Others | Others |
B355252 是苯氧基噻吩磺酰胺小分子,NGF 受体激动剂。它能增强 NGF 诱导的神经突生长。它可减轻 DNA 损伤、抑制 ROS 生成、降低 LDH 水平以及预防神经元凋亡,保护缺血性神经元免受神经元损失。它具有抗细胞凋亡作用。 | |||
T11861 |
LM11A-31 dihydrochloride
|
Others | Others |
LM11A-31 dihydrochloride 是一种具有高血脑屏障通透性的氨基酸衍生物,能阻断 p75 介导的细胞死亡。它是一种 p75NTR(神经营养蛋白受体 p75) 非肽调节剂,是口服有效的 proNGF 拮抗剂。它可以逆转中晚期的阿尔茨海默氏病小鼠模型中的胆碱能神经突营养不良。 | |||
T2306 |
Brexpiprazole
依匹哌唑,OPC-34712,依匹唑派 |
Dopamine Receptor; 5-HT Receptor; Adrenergic Receptor | GPCR/G Protein; Neuroscience |
Brexpiprazole (OPC-34712) 是人5-HT1A 和多巴胺受体的部分激动剂,Ki 分别为0.12 和 0.3 nM。它也是5-HT2A 受体的拮抗剂,Ki 为 0.47 nM,可作为非典型抗精神病药。 | |||
T8690 |
Brexpiprazole HCl
OPC 34712 dihydrochloride |
Others | Others |
Brexpiprazole HCl (OPC 34712 dihydrochloride) 是一种新型抗精神病药物。 | |||
T32658L |
Leteprinim
AIT082 acid,AIT 082 acid,AIT-082 acid |
Others | Others |
Leteprinim (AIT 082 acid) 是一种次黄嘌呤衍生物,可刺激体外神经突生长和星形胶质细胞产生腺苷和神经营养因子。 | |||
T16518 |
PH-002
|
Others | Others |
PH-002 是一种抑制载脂蛋白 E4 神经内分子相互作用的抑制剂(IC50:116 nM)。 | |||
T9504 |
MAP4343
|
Microtubule Associated | Cytoskeletal Signaling |
MAP4343 是孕烯醇酮的 3-甲基醚衍生物。它在体外与微管相关蛋白 2 (MAP2) 结合并刺激微管蛋白聚合,从而增强神经突延伸和保护神经元免受神经毒剂的侵害。 | |||
T10624 |
BT-13
|
c-RET | Apoptosis; Tyrosine Kinase/Adaptors |
BT-13 是一种胶质细胞源性神经营养因子 (GDNF) 受体 RET 的选择性激动剂,独立于 GDNF 配体发挥作用,能够促进体外感觉神经元神经突生长,减少大鼠神经病变的发生。 | |||
T15602 |
ITX3
|
Others; Rho | Cell Cycle/Checkpoint; Others |
ITX3 是特异的、无毒的、有活性的、具有选择性的TrioN RhoGEF 抑制剂,IC50 值为 76 μM。 ITX3具有抗癌作用,能抑制trion 介导的GTP 在RhoG 和Rac1上的交换,抑制ngf 介导的PC12细胞神经突的生长和trion 诱导的REF52成纤维细胞结构的形成。 | |||
T4431 |
Olodanrigan
PD-126055,EMA401 |
RAAS | Endocrinology/Hormones |
Olodanrigan (EMA401) 是具有口服活性、高选择性及外周受限的血管紧张素 Ⅱ 类型 2 受体(AT2R)拮抗剂。它的缓解疼痛的机制可能是:抑制增强的 AngII/AT2R 诱导的 p38 和 p42/p44 MAPK 激活,进而阻碍 DRG 神经元的过度兴奋性及 DRG 神经元的萌发。它可用于研究神经性疼痛。 | |||
T32541 |
Lalioside
|
||
Lalioside is a potent accelerator of neurite outgrowth. | |||
T29598 |
Acetylcarnitine arginyl amide
ST-857,acetyl-L-carnitine arginine amide |
||
Acetylcarnitine arginyl amide is able to stimulate neurite outgrowth in a manner similar to that elicited by nerve growth factor (NGF). Neurite induction by this molecule requires de novo mRNA synthesis and is independent of the action of several common t | |||
T26050 |
RC-33 HCl
RC 33 Hydrochloride,RC-33 Hydrochloride,RC33 Hydrochloride |
||
RC-33 HCl is a selective and metabolically stable σ1 receptor agonist potentiating NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. | |||
T34778 |
Talaumidin
|
||
Talaumidin is a natural neurotrophic agent which promotes neurite outgrowth from neurons through the PI3K/Akt pathway. | |||
T0811L |
Amisulpride hydrochloride
APD-421,Amisulpride HCl,APD 421,APD421,Sultopride,氨磺必利盐酸盐 |
||
Amisulpride is an antagonist of 5-HT7 receptor and dopamine D2 and D3 receptors. It modulates beta 2- arresting signaling and increases neurite outgrowth. | |||
T24272 |
KT5926
KT 5926,KT-5926 |
||
KT5926 is an effective and selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase. KT5926 is an analogue of K-252a, which blocks all responses to NGF. KT5926 selectively inhibits nerve growth factor-dependent neurite elongation. | |||
T34706 |
SRI-29132
SRI29132,SRI 29132,TPZ-11,TPZ 11,TPZ11 |
||
SRI-29132 is potent; highly permeant of the blood-brain barrier; and selective for LRRK2 kinase activity, therefore effective in attenuating pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and in rescuing neurite retraction phenotypes in neurons. | |||
T33858 |
PACA
N-Propargyl Caffeamide |
||
PACA, (N-propargyl Caffeamide)enhances NGF-induced neurite growth and reduces 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity in neuron cultures. Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with insufficient production of nerve growth factor (NGF). | |||
T26821 | BIPM | ||
BIPM is a potent inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2). Exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to BIPM led to significant changes in cell migration, actin stress fibers and neurite length. BIPM significantly inhibits phosphorylation of cofilin, a regula | |||
T29543 |
ACAF4
ACAF-4,ACAF 4 |
||
ACAF4 is a neurotrophic agent which significantly increases survival in PC12 neuronal cells and enhances the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF). ACAF4 induces neurite outgrowth, and modulates ERK1/2 and AKT signaling pathways. | |||
T81580 |
Ozanezumab
GSK1223249 |
||
Ozanezumab (GSK1223249) 是一种anti-Nogo-A 单克隆抗体,用于肌萎缩侧索硬化症 (ALS) 及多发性硬化症研究。 | |||
T75410 | Ganglioside sialidase (AuSialidase S) | ||
Ganglioside sialidase (AuSialidase S)为一种内源性代谢物,与神经元分化过程有关,涉及神经突生长。 | |||
T37476 |
Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Val)
|
||
Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Val) is a metabolite of the sponge bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. NJ6-3-1 that can autoinduce production of antibacterial substances active against S. aureus when co-cultured at a low cell density. It induces neurite outgrowth and branching of chick cortical neurons in vitro when used at concentrations of 16 and 32 μM. It increases phosphorylation of the PI3K substrate Akt, and neurite outgrowth induced by cyclo(L-Phe-L-Val) can be blocked by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 . Cyclo(L-... | |||
T76539 |
Insulin-like growth factor II
|
||
Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-2)为人血清中主要生长激素,对神经突生长具有许可性和直接作用,同时增强交感与感觉神经元的生存能力。 | |||
T81576 |
PA22-2
IKVAV sequence,Laminin A-chain fragment |
||
PA22-2(IKVAV序列;层粘连蛋白A链片段)为一生物活性肽,源于小鼠层粘连蛋白a1氨基酸2110至2127残基。构成的细胞外基质能够促进神经突生长。 | |||
T81575 |
PA22-2 free acid
Cys-Laminin A chain 2091-2108 |
||
PA22-2 (free acid) (Cys-Laminin A chain 2091-2108) 为促进神经突生长和神经元样过程形成的多肽。该化合物适用于人腺样囊性癌细胞培养和肽功能化磷脂双层制备<sup>[3]。 | |||
T22529 |
6-Bnz-cAMP sodium salt
|
Others | Others |
6-Bnz-cAMP is a PKA-selective activator. It regulates the PKA dependent signaling pathways. The proliferative signaling pathway which activated by the 6-Bnz-cAMP involves activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and ERK1/2. Extending the duratio | |||
T62046 | HDAC6-IN-5 | ||
HDAC6-IN-5 (化合物 11b) 是有效的、血脑屏障通透性的 HDAC6抑制剂(IC50= 0.025 μM)。HDAC6-IN-5 抑制 AChE 活性和 Aβ1-42自聚集和,IC50分别为 0.88 和 1.1 μM。HDAC6-IN-5 能够促进神经突起生长,且无明显神经毒性。 | |||
T76583 |
H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH
|
||
H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH 是层纤蛋白-1 有效的活性位点之一。H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH 可促进细胞粘附、神经突生长和肿瘤生长。H-Ile-Lys-Val-Ala-Val-OH 通过激活 MAPK/ERK1/2和 PI3K/Akt 信号通路,刺激 BMMSC 细胞生长和增殖。 | |||
T72917 |
D-threo-PDMP
|
||
D-threo-PDMP 为一有效的葡萄糖神经酰胺合成酶 (GCS) 抑制剂, 通过抑制糖基化作用减少细胞表面糖鞘脂,进而减少轴突丛总长度与轴突分支点数量,抑制神经突生长。 | |||
T37283 |
1-Palmitoyl Lysophosphatidic Acid (sodium salt)
|
||
1-Palmitoyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-Palmitoyl LPA) is a LPA analog containing palmitic acid at the sn-1 position. LPA binds to one of five different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to mediate a variety of biological responses including cell proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, neurite retraction, and cell motility. In addition to playing a role in the aforementioned biological responses, 1-palmitoyl LPA enhances the action of β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, pipe... | |||
T35436 |
(-)-L-threo-PDMP (hydrochloride)
|
||
(-)-L-threo-PDMP is an enhancer of ganglioside biosynthesis. The (-)-L-threo-PDMP (1S,2S) isomer is the active stimulatory component of DL-threo-PDMP in contrast to (+)-D-threo-PDMP , which is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthetase. (-)-L-threo-PDMP upregulates GM3, GD3, and GQ1b synthase levels, which are glycosyltransferases involved in ganglioside biosynthesis, and increases ganglioside levels in cells. It increases neurite outgrowth and synapse formation in vitro and improves retention ... | |||
T80420 |
TAT-NEP1-40 acetate
|
Apoptosis | Apoptosis |
TAT-NEP1-40 acetate 是促进脑卒中后轴突再生和功能恢复的候选分子。该化合物能够抵御PC12细胞的氧和葡萄糖剥夺(OGD)损伤,并促进神经突生长。它通过抑制神经元凋亡(apoptosis)作用,保护大脑免受缺血再灌注伤害,并能有效传递至大鼠的脑内。 | |||
T36768 |
1-Octadecyl Lysophosphatidic Acid
|
||
1-Octadecyl lysophosphatidic acid (1-octadecyl LPA) is a LPA analog containing stearic acid at the sn-1 position. LPA binds to one of five different G protein linked receptors to mediate a variety of biological responses including cell proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, neurite retraction, and cell motility. Alkyl ether-linked LPA derivatives have a higher platelet aggregating activity than the acyl derivatives, most likely stemming from an alkyl-specific LPA recepto... | |||
T60954 | HDAC6-IN-6 | ||
HDAC6-IN-6 (化合物 6a) 是 HDAC6的有效抑制剂,可以穿透血脑屏障,IC50值为0.025 μM。HDAC6-IN-6 对 AChE 和 Aβ1-42自聚集具有有效的抑制活性,IC50值分别为 0.72 和 3.0 μM。HDAC6-IN-6 可促进神经突起生长而没有显著的神经毒性。 | |||
T78041 |
Tat-peptide control 168-189 TFA
|
||
Tat-peptide 168-189 是一款标记有 Tat 的细胞渗透融合肽,对应回大鼠 G3BP1 的168-189残基。此配合物末端整合了HIV Tat 序列的一个高度非保守部分,以促进其穿透细胞膜。作为Tat-peptide 168-189 TFA的阴性对照,Tat-peptide 168-189 TFA 已被证实可促进轴突生长和增加神经元的突触数目。 | |||
T38213 |
1-β-D-Glucosylsphingadienine (d18:2 (4E,8E))
1-β-D-Glucosylsphingadienine (d18:2 (4E,8E)) |
||
1-β-D-Glucosylsphingadienine is a glucosylsphingosine, which are deacetylated lysolipid derivatives of glucosylcerebrosides . They are formed when sphingosines undergo glucosidation by UDP-glucose. Glucosylsphingosines completely reduce neurite outgrowth and induce death of LA-N-2 cells at concentrations of 10 and 50 μM, respectively. They also decrease the activity of glucocerebrosidase in LA-N-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Glucosylsphingosine levels are elevated in patients with Gaucher'... | |||
TP1989 |
NEP(1-40)
Nogo-66 (1-40) |
||
Peptide fragment corresponding to residues 1 - 40 of Nogo-66, the domain of the myelin protein Nogo that inhibits axonal outgrowth. Acts as a competitive antagonist at the Nogo-66 receptor (NgR); blocks Nogo-66- and CNS myelin-induced inhibition of axonal | |||
T80419 |
TAT-NEP1-40 TFA
|
Apoptosis | Apoptosis |
TAT-NEP1-40 TFA 是一种能够穿透血脑屏障的多肽。它能够保护 PC12 细胞抵御缺氧和葡萄糖剥夺 (OGD) 的损害,并促进神经突的生长。此外,TAT-NEP1-40 TFA 可通过减少缺血性脑损伤中的细胞凋亡,以改善神经系统功能。该化合物在中枢神经系统损伤,包括中风后轴突再生及功能恢复的研究中具有潜在应用价值。 | |||
T80418 |
TAT-NEP1-40
|
Apoptosis | Apoptosis |
TAT-NEP1-40是一种能够穿透血脑屏障的多肽。它能够保护PC12细胞不受缺氧和葡萄糖剥夺(OGD)所致的损伤,同时促进神经突的生长。此外,TAT-NEP1-40通过阻断缺血性脑损伤中的细胞凋亡,对缺血后的神经功能恢复具有积极作用。该化合物适用于中枢神经系统损伤,特别是中风后的轴突再生与功能恢复方面的研究。 | |||
T36907 |
1-Oleoyl Lysophosphatidic Acid
Oleoyl-sn-3-Glycerophosphate,1-Oleoyl LPA,1-Oleoyl Lysophosphatidic Acid |
||
1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid is a species of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) containing oleic acid at the sn-1 position. Phosphatidic acid is produced either directly through the action of phospholipase D (PLD) or through a two step process involving liberation of diacylglycerol (DAG) by phospholipase C (PLC) followed by phosphorylation of DAG by diglycerol kinase.[1] Hydrolysis of the fatty acid at the sn-2 position by phospholipase A2 (PLA2) yields bioactive LPA. LPA binds to one of five differe... |
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T6S1740 |
Nardosinone
苷松新酮,甘松新酮 |
Others | Others |
Nardosinone 是一个 dbcAMP 和 staurosporine 的神经生成作用增强剂,分离自Nardostachys chinensis 中。Nardosinone 可能成为一种有用的药理学工具,不仅可用于研究神经生长因子 (NGF) 的作用机理,而且可用于研究神经毒性物质的作用机理。 | |||
TQ0218 |
Deoxyandrographolide
去氧穿心莲内酯,14-deoxyandrographolide |
IL Receptor; TNF | Apoptosis; Immunology/Inflammation |
Deoxyandrographolide (14-deoxyandrographolide) 抑制 LPS 诱导的 iNOS mRNA 水平升高以及促炎症介质 TNF-α 和 IL-6 的产生。它增强 NGF 诱导的神经突起生长。 | |||
T2S0843 |
Negletein
黄芩素-7-甲醚,7-O-Methylbaicalein,Baicalein-7-methylether |
IL Receptor; TNF; NOS; Interleukin | Apoptosis; Immunology/Inflammation |
Negletein (7-O-Methylbaicalein) 一种神经保护剂,可增强神经生长因子的作用并诱导 PC12 细胞中的神经突生长。它通过抑制TNF-α和IL-1β表现出抗炎活性,其 IC50值分别为 16.4 和 10.8 μM。它还具有抗菌、抗缺氧和抗阿尔茨海默病活性。 | |||
T3836 |
Eudesmin
|
MAPK; S6 Kinase | MAPK; PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling |
Eudesmin 通过抑制S6K1信号通路来干扰成脂分化,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎和抗菌活性。 | |||
T3S1589 |
Notoginsenoside Fa
|
Others | Others |
Notoginsenoside Fa 是一种原人参二醇型皂苷,从P. notoginseng 提取出来得到,有激活和恢复退化脑功能的潜能。 | |||
T2S0531 |
Pinoresinol dimethyl ether
(+)-Eudesmin,松脂素二甲醚 |
Others; PKC | Chromatin/Epigenetic; Cytoskeletal Signaling; Others |
Pinoresinol dimethyl ether 是一种非酚性呋喃木质素,从 Magnolia kobus 茎皮中分离得到,具有神经活性。它可刺激上游 MAPK、PKC 和 PKA 通路,诱导 PC12 细胞神经突起生长。 | |||
TN1038 |
Galgravin
|
Apoptosis | Apoptosis |
Galgravin 是望春花中的一种天然产物,具有抗炎和体外细胞毒活性,能诱导白血病细胞凋亡。 | |||
TN1544 |
D-Menthol
Menthol,(+)-MENTHOL,D-薄荷醇 |
Calcium Channel; 5-HT Receptor; AChR | GPCR/G Protein; Membrane transporter/Ion channel; Metabolism; Neuroscience |
D-Menthol ((+)-MENTHOL) 是药物和商业产品中的一种常见化合物,也是一种流行的香烟添加剂,它可以减弱细胞体和神经突中 α±7 介导的 Ca 2+ 瞬变,表明薄荷醇以非竞争性方式抑制 α±7-nACh 受体. | |||
T2787 |
Picroside I
6'-Cinnamoylcatalpol,胡黄连苦苷I |
MMP; STAT | JAK/STAT signaling; Proteases/Proteasome; Stem Cells |
Picroside I (6'-Cinnamoylcatalpol) 是胡黄连的一种天然产物,是有肝脏保护作用的代谢成分,可用于哮喘研究,有减轻炎症作用,还下调 pSTAT6 和 GATA3 表达。 | |||
TN2844 |
(2R,3S)-Dihydrodehydroconiferyl alcohol
|
MAPK; PKC | Chromatin/Epigenetic; Cytoskeletal Signaling; MAPK |
(2R,3S)-Dihydrodehydroconiferyl alcohol can induce neurite outgrowth and enhance NGF-induced neurite outgrowth from PC12 cells by amplifying up-stream steps such as MAPK and PKC. | |||
T29462 |
5-OH-HxMF
|
||
5-OH-HxMF is an inducer of neurite growth in PC12 cells through the camp / PKA / CREB pathway. | |||
TN4981 |
Secologanin dimethyl acetal
金银花 |
Others | Others |
Secologanin dimethyl acetal induces significant neurite outgrowth. | |||
T82444 |
Erinacine U
|
||
Erinacine U, a cyanhydrin diterpene isolated from Hericium erinaceus, exhibits neurotrophic activity and notably promotes neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. | |||
TN4127 |
Gentiside J
|
Others | Others |
Gentiside J is a potent inducer of neurite outgrowth on PC12 cells. | |||
TN4123 | Gelsemiol | Others | Others |
Gelsemiol has neurotrophic factor-potentiating activity, markedly enhances an increase in the proportion of neurite-bearing cells and an extension of the neurite length in the presence of nerve growth factor. | |||
TN5286 | 3β,5α,9α-Trihydroxyergosta-7,22-dien-6-one | ||
3β,5α,9α-Trihydroxy-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one in the presence of NGF (20 ng/mL) exerts a significant increase in neurite-bearing cells. | |||
TN4651 | Neuchromenin | Others | Others |
(-)-Neuchromenin is an inducer of neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells at concentration of 2.5-10 ug/ml. | |||
T81213 | Sarbronine M | ||
Scabronine M为新型NGF诱导的PC12细胞突起生长抑制剂。 | |||
T15702 |
Lactacystin
|
Proteasome | Proteases/Proteasome; Ubiquitination |
Lactacystin is an antibiotic Streptomyces spp. the metabolite and is an effective and selective proteasome inhibitor (IC50: 4.8 μM for 20S proteasome). Lactacystin inhibits cell growth and induces neurite outgrowth and also inhibits the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin A. | |||
TN2995 |
4,10-Aromadendranediol
|
ERK; GSK-3; Wnt/beta-catenin | Cytoskeletal Signaling; MAPK; PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling; Stem Cells |
4,10-Aromadendranediol exhibits neurite outgrowth-inducing activity in neurons via activation of the ERK signaling pathway, which may be beneficial to the treatment of brain diseases. | |||
TN4126 |
Gentiside B
|
Others | Others |
Gentiside B is a potent inducer of neurite outgrowth on PC12 cells, it shows a significant neuritogenic activity at 30 microM against PC12 cells that is comparable to that seen for the best nerve growth factor (NGF) concentration of 40 ng/mL. | |||
TMA0984 |
Cerevisterol
|
DNA/RNA Synthesis | Cell Cycle/Checkpoint; DNA Damage/DNA Repair |
Cerevisterol 是一种细胞毒性类固醇,提取于Agaricus blazei 子实体,对 DNA 聚合酶 α 的活性具有抑制作用。 | |||
TN5655 | Broussonin B | ||
Broussonins A and B, new phytoalexins from diseased paper mulberry. Broussonin B can induce neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells at concentration of 50 microg/ml, and show moderate inhibitory activities against a chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome.B | |||
T81980 |
Kissoone C
|
||
Kissoone C (compound 3),一种三环倍半萜类,源自缬草根提取。该化合物能增强PC12D细胞中神经生长因子(NGF)介导的神经突生长活性。 | |||
TN4286 | Isodunnianol | NOS; NF-κB; ROS; AChR | Immunology/Inflammation; Neuroscience; NF-κB |
Isodunnianol exhibits anti-AChE activity with an IC50 value of 13.0 uM; it also exhibits neurite outgrowth-promoting activity at the concentration ranging from 0.1 to 10 uM in the primary cultured rat cortical neurons. Isodunnianol, dunnianol, and Macrant | |||
T81676 |
NG-012
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NG-012为一种神经生长因子(NGF)增强剂,来源于Penicillium verruculosum F-4542的培养液。该化合物能在大鼠嗜铬细胞瘤细胞系(PC12)中提升NGF引导的神经突生长效应。 | |||
TN5682 |
2,6,4'-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone
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2,6,4'-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone shows weak inhibitory activity of testosterone 5alpha-reductase, it also shows significant inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity. 2,6,4'-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone has neurotrophic activity, it induced neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells at concentration of 50 microg/ml. 2,6,4â²-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone exhibits low cytotoxic effect against HeLa and 3T3 cell lines with IC50 values of 132 ug/ml and 158 ug/ml, repectively. It also shows antiox... | |||
TN2626 | 14-Norpseurotin A | Antifection | Microbiology/Virology |
14-Norpseurotin A shows good antileishmanial and moderate anticancer activities. It also displays significant antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Micrococcus lysoleikticus with MICs of 3.74, 14.97, and 7.49 microM , r |