57
15
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T12580 |
PTUPB
|
COX; Epoxide Hydrolase | Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolism; Neuroscience |
PTUPB 是强效的sEH(IC50:0.9 μM)和COX-2(IC50:1.26 μM)的双向抑制剂。 | |||
T27061 |
CP-24879 hydrochloride
CP-24879 HCl |
Others | Others |
CP-24879 hydrochloride (CP-24879 HCl) 是选择性的 delta5D/delta6D 联合抑制剂。它能显著降低肝细胞内脂质积聚和炎症损伤。它在脂肪-1 和 ω-3 处理的肝细胞中表现出优越的抗脂肪变性和抗炎作用,可用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。 | |||
T2601 |
Vidofludimus
SC12267,4sc-101 |
Dehydrogenase; DNA/RNA Synthesis; Interleukin | Cell Cycle/Checkpoint; DNA Damage/DNA Repair; Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolism |
Vidofludimus (SC12267) 是一种新型的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶 (DHODH) 小分子抑制剂,可在不影响淋巴细胞增殖的条件下抑制IL-17的分泌。 | |||
T21223 |
Isobutyl decanoate
UNII-ZYU8S7C4T7,AI3-33574 Decanoic acid |
||
A decanoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of decanoc acid (capric acid) with the alcoholic hydroxy group of isobutanol. | |||
T77099 |
Nimacimab
JNJ 2463,RYI-018 |
Others | Others |
Nimacimab是一种重组人源化单克隆抗体可改善糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。 | |||
T37184 |
CX08005
2-[(2-tetradecoxyphenyl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid |
Phosphatase | Metabolism |
CX08005 是一种蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶 1B 抑制剂,可减轻与非酒精性脂肪肝相关的肝脏脂质蓄积和微循环障碍。 | |||
T14301 |
Apararenone
MT-3995 |
Glucocorticoid Receptor | Endocrinology/Hormones |
Apararenone (MT-3995) 是一种新型的、非甾体类盐皮质激素受体 (mineralocorticoid receptor) 拮抗剂,正在开发用于糖尿病性肾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。 | |||
T19057 |
Solvent Blue 35
Sudan Blue II,溶剂蓝35,溶剂蓝 35,Oil Blue 35 |
Others | Others |
Solvent Blue 35 (Sudan Blue II) 是一种可用于着色醇类和烃基溶剂的染料。它能够作用于染色动物组织中的甘油三酯。 | |||
T65815 |
H-Asp(OtBu)-OtBu HCl
|
Amino Acids and Derivatives | Metabolism |
H-Asp(OtBu)-OtBu HCl 是一种天冬氨酸衍生物,可能用于研究神经功能的比较和非酒精类肝炎类代谢性疾病。 | |||
T64334 |
Glycolithocholic acid, sodium salt
|
Others | Others |
Glycolithocholic acid, sodium salt 是 Glycolithocholic acid 的钠盐。Glycolithocholic acid 是一种甘氨酸结合的次级胆汁酸。Glycolithocholic acid 可用于诊断溃疡性结肠炎 (UC),非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH0) 和原发性硬化性胆管炎 (PSC)。 | |||
T9186 |
Ervogastat
PF-06865571 |
Transferase | Metabolism |
Ervogastat (PF-06865571) 是一种有效且耐受性良好的二酰基甘油酰基转移酶 2 抑制剂。 Ervogastat 可降低非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 中的脂肪变性和肝脏甘油三酯水平。 | |||
T67974 |
Berberine ursodeoxycholate
HTD1801,BUDCA |
||
Berberine ursodeoxycholate (HTD1801) 是一种口服有效的降血脂剂 ,是 Berberine 和 Ursodeoxycholic acid 的一种离子盐。Berberine ursodeoxycholate 具有广泛的代谢活性,可显著降低肝脏脂肪含量。Berberine ursodeoxycholate 可用于研究高脂血症、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 和糖尿病。 | |||
T76700 |
Simtuzumab
GS 6624,AB 0024 |
Monoamine Oxidase | Neuroscience |
Simtuzumab 是一种针对赖氨酰氧化酶样蛋白 2 (LOXL2) 的单克隆抗体。Simtuzumab 可用于治疗原发性硬化性胆管炎 (PSC),对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎引起的桥接性纤维化或代偿性肝硬化患者无效 。 | |||
T77059 |
Leronlimab
PRO 140 |
CCR | Immunology/Inflammation; Microbiology/Virology |
Leronlimab (PRO 140) 是一种人源化 IgG4 抗 CCR5 单克隆抗体。leronlimumab 具有抗 HIV 病毒活性和抗肿瘤活性, 抑制 CCR 介导的 HIV-1 病毒和小鼠肿瘤模型中癌细胞转移。Leronlimab 可用于研究 HIV 非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 和乳腺癌。 | |||
T32202 |
Isoamyl salicylate
NSC 7952,NSC-7952,NSC7952 |
||
Isoamyl salicylate exists in alcoholic beverages and is obtained from fruit aromas. | |||
T17236 |
Volixibat
SHP626,LUM002 |
Others | Others |
Volixibat is a highly selective and competitive apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter inhibitor. Volixibat has the potential for treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. | |||
T21079 |
Decafluorobenzophenone
Perfluorobenzophenone |
||
Decafluorobenzophenone is used in the synthesis of fluorinated acridones and acridines. Decafluorobenzophenone alcoholic solution generates radical anion and ketyl which can be studied by electron spin resonance spectra. It undergoes photolysis to form ke | |||
T35801 |
ML-262
|
||
ML-262 is an inhibitor of hepatic lipid droplet formation (IC50 = 6.4 nM in murine AML-12 cells), which is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. ML-262 does not induce cytotoxicity (up to 33 μM) or inhibit fatty acid uptake (up to 50 μM). | |||
T11661 |
INT-767
|
FXR; GPCR19 | GPCR/G Protein; Metabolism |
INT-767 是一种高效的法尼类固醇 X 受体 (FXR)/TGR5 双激动剂,可预防 NASH 并促进内脏脂肪棕色脂肪生成和线粒体功能,可用于研究非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。 | |||
T11448 | GOAT-IN-1 | Others | Others |
GOAT-IN-1 is an inhibitor of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), which could be useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cerebrovascular dementia, cerebral infa | |||
T83421 |
1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
1-P-GPA |
||
1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (1-P-GPA) 是内源性代谢物,常用于非酒精性脂肪性肝病的研究。 | |||
T74421 |
Pemvidutide
|
||
Pemvidutide 是一种GLP-1R/GCGR 双重激动剂,可导致体重、肝脏脂肪和血清脂质的显著降低。Pemvidutide 可用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 和肥胖症的研究。 | |||
T83900 |
12β-Hydroxyisocholic Acid
LCA,Lagocholic Acid |
||
12β-Hydroxyisocholic acid是一种胆酸,同时也是胆酸的异构体。在酒精性肝损伤的小鼠模型中,12β-Hydroxyisocholic acid的肝脏水平会升高。 | |||
T62029 |
ML261
|
||
ML261 是肝脂滴形成的抑制剂,IC50值为 69.7 nM。ML261 在非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 和炎症中具有研究价值。 | |||
T81802 |
MGAT2-IN-4
|
||
MGAT2-IN-4(compound 33)是一种针对单酰基甘油转移酶2(MGAT2)的抑制剂,显示出良好的肝脏代谢稳定性,适用于肥胖症、糖尿病以及非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的研究。 | |||
T21978 |
p-nitro-Pifithrin-α
|
||
p-nitro-Pifithrin-α is a cell-permeable analog of pifithrin-α, a potent p53 inhibitor. It suppresses p53-mediated TGF-β1 expression in HK-2 cells and inhibits the activation of caspase-3 by Zika virus (ZIKV) strains. Moreover, p-nitro-Pifithrin-α attenuates steatosis and liver injury in mice subjected to a high-fat diet, mitigating the effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [1] [2] [3] [4]. | |||
T32290 |
Jimenezin
|
||
Jimenezin is a type of annonaceous acetogenin. As waxy derivatives of fatty acids (usually C32 or C34), annonaceous acetogenins contain a terminal carboxylic acid and a 2-propanol unit at the C-2 position to form a methyl- substituted alpha,beta-unsaturat | |||
T35636 |
SHS4121705
|
||
SHS4121705 is an orally bioavailable mitochondrial uncoupler.1It increases oxygen consumption rate in L6 rat myoblast cells with an EC50value of 4.3 μM. SHS4121705 (25 mg/kg per day in the diet) reduces hepatic steatosis, liver triglyceride levels, and plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in Stelic animal model (STAM) mice, a model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 1.Salamoun, J.M., Garcia, C.J., Hargett, S.R., et al.6-Amino[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-ol derivatives as effic... | |||
T79698 |
S217879
|
||
S217879是一种选择性高效的NRF2激活剂,能够破坏KEAP1-NRF2之间的相互作用,从而强有力地激活NRF2通路。它可应用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的研究领域。 | |||
T78093 |
Cisd2 agonist 1
|
Others | Others |
Cisd2 agonist 1 (Compound 4q)为一种EC50值为34 nM的Cisd2激动剂,可增强Cisd2表达并改善非酒精性脂肪肝疾病(NAFLD)的病理改变,同时具备良好的代谢稳定性,适用于NAFLD研究。 | |||
T35443 |
1-Palmitoyl-2-Stearoyl-3-Oleoyl-rac-glycerol
|
||
1-Palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains palmitic , stearic , and oleic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, respectively. It has been detected in RAW 264.7 cells by neutral loss MS. Increased serum levels of 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol are a potential biomarker for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). | |||
T78658 |
Pemvidutide TFA
|
||
Pemvidutide (TFA) 是一款针对GLP-1R/GCGR的双重激动剂,有助于显著降低体重、肝脏脂肪以及血清脂质水平。该化合物主要适用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)和肥胖症的研究领域。 | |||
T63777 |
QH536
|
||
QH536 是 HMGCR 的有效降解剂 (EC50: 0.22 μM)。QH536 表现出抗炎效果,并没有诱导胆固醇在细胞内积聚的副作用。QH536 能够用于研究心血管疾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。 | |||
T62968 | PPARα/δ agonist 1 | ||
PPARα/δ agonist 1 是一种有效的 PPARα/PPARδ 双重激动剂,对 PPARα和 PPARδ 的 EC50 值分别为 7.0 nM 和 8.4 nM。PPARα/δ agonist 1 对 PPARγ 表现出很高的选择性 (EC50: 1316.1 nM)。PPARα/δ agonist 1 具有潜力进行非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。 | |||
T37276 |
2,5-Deoxyfructosazine (hydrochloride)
|
||
2,5-Deoxyfructosazine is a pyrazine derivative that can be found in cured tobacco and is used as a flavoring agent in the food and tobacco industry. Pyrazines, including 2,5-deoxyfructosazine, can be produced either by pyrolytic decomposition of natural compounds or by the reaction of sugars with alcoholic ammonia. 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine is also formed by the breakdown of D-glucosamine at neutral pH. Like glucosamine, 2,5-deoxyfructosazine has DNA strand breakage activity and strongly inhibits IL... | |||
T74996 |
FXR agonist 3
|
||
FXR agonist3 是一种抗 NASH 试剂,通过激活 FXR 起作用。FXR agonist3 抑制 COL1A1、TGF-β1、α-SMA 和 TIMP1的表达,具有抗纤维化活性。FXR agonist3 显著减轻肝脏脂肪变性和炎症,改善肝纤维化水平。 | |||
T77175 | Efruxifermin | ||
Efruxifermin为Fc-FGF21融合蛋白,由人IgG1Fc结构域与修饰的人FGF21连接。相较于天然人FGF21,Efruxifermin展示了增强的受体亲和力及延长的半衰期,适用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎研究。 | |||
T79733 | NLRP3-IN-20 | NOD-like Receptor (NLR) | Immunology/Inflammation |
NLRP3-IN-20(compound 11)是一款口服活性的NLRP3炎症小体抑制剂,其抑制IL-1β分泌的IC50值为25 nM。该化合物展现出卓越的药代动力学性质,并在非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、致命性感染性休克以及结肠炎模型中证明了其显著疗效。 | |||
T62594 |
THR-β agonist 2
|
||
THR-β agonist 2 是一种 THR-β 的有效激动剂。THR-β agonist 2 具有潜力进行代谢疾病的研究(如肥胖、高脂血症、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病和其他病症,如脂肪变性和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)、动脉粥样硬化和其他相关病症和疾病)。 | |||
T82389 |
Fluorescein octadecyl ester
|
||
Fluorescein octadecyl ester为亲脂性荧光试剂,适用于固定于塑化PVC膜中。该试剂能可逆地识别酒精分子,应用于测定酒精饮料中的乙醇浓度。此外,Fluorescein octadecyl ester亦可作为光极膜的受体,用于苦味酸的测定。 | |||
T78095 |
Demethyleneberberine chloride
|
NF-κB | NF-κB |
Demethyleneberberine chloride是一种具有线粒体靶向性的天然抗氧化剂,能通过抑制NF-κB通路及调节Th细胞平衡来缓解小鼠结肠炎并抑制炎症。此外,作为一种AMPK激活剂,该化合物亦用于非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的研究。 | |||
T10964L |
DB1976 dihydrochloride
DB1976 hydrochloride,DB1976 2HCl |
Apoptosis; NF-κB | Apoptosis; NF-κB |
DB1976 dihydrochloride (DB1976 2HCl) ,一种转录因子 PU.1 抑制剂,具有潜在抗炎活性,可在体内实验中减缓小鼠的炎症和纤维化,改善了葡萄糖稳态和血脂异常。DB1976 dihydrochloride 促进细胞凋亡,可用于研究代谢功能障碍和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。 | |||
T72889 | FXR agonist 4 | ||
FXR agonist4,一种法尼酯X受体(FXR)激动剂,具有1.05 μM的EC50值。该化合物在DIO小鼠模型中有效地改善了高脂血症、肝脏脂肪变性、胰岛素抵抗以及肝脏炎症,因此可用于非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的研究。 | |||
T79783 |
NSC 48160
|
Apoptosis | Apoptosis |
NSC 48160对胰腺癌细胞具有抑制作用,IC50分别针对CPFAC-1为84.3μM,对BxPC-3为94.5μM。此外,NSC 48160能够诱导胰腺癌细胞(apoptosis)。该化合物亦能改善代谢综合征症状,包括NASH、肥胖及脂质代谢紊乱。 | |||
T63697 | THR-β agonist 3 | ||
THR-β agonist 3 是 THR-β 的有效激动剂。THR-β agonist 3 对代谢疾病表现出研究潜力,例如肥胖、高脂血症、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病和其他病症如脂肪变性和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)、动脉粥样硬化和其他相关病症和疾病。 | |||
T63515 |
THR-β agonist 4
|
||
THR-β agonist 4 是 THR-β 的有效激动剂。THR-β agonist 4 对代谢疾病表现出研究潜力,如高脂血症、肥胖、高胆固醇血症、糖尿病和其他病症如脂肪变性和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)、动脉粥样硬化和其他相关病症和疾病 。 | |||
T62052 |
AMPK activator 6
|
||
AMPK activator 6 (Compound GC) 可降低 HepG2 和 3T3-L1 细胞中的脂质含量并激活AMPK 通路。AMPK activator 6 对血清中甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白-C (LDL-C) 和其他生化指标的增加有显著的抑制作用。AMPK activator 6 在非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)和代谢综合征中有研究价值。 | |||
T73414 | EDP-305 | ||
EDP-305是一种具有选择性的口服farnesoid X受体(FXR)激动剂,其EC50值分别为34 nM(CHO细胞嵌合性FXR)和8 nM(HEK细胞全长FXR)。该化合物展现了强大且持久的抗纤维化效果,并适用于原发性胆道胆管炎(PBC)与非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的研究。 | |||
T82848 | BMS-986172 | Acyltransferase | Metabolism |
BMS-986172是一种高选择性的口服MGAT2抑制剂,针对hMGAT2和mMGAT2显示出的IC50分别为4.6 nM和20 nM。该化合物在体外具有较长的半衰期(T1/2>120分钟),能够减少食物摄入和体重。BMS-986172在治疗肥胖和NASH等代谢性疾病方面显示出研究潜力。 | |||
T35799 |
MBX-8025 (sodium salt)
|
||
MBX-8025 is an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ).1 It is greater than 750- and 2,500-fold selective for PPARδ over PPARα and PPARγ. MBX-8025 (10 mg/kg per day for eight weeks) reduces increases in fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels, and decreases insulin resistance in Alms1 mutant (foz/foz) mice fed an atherogenic diet as a model of diet-induced obesity, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).2 It also decreases serum alanine transamin... |
Cat. No. | Product Name | Target | Signaling Pathways |
---|---|---|---|
T8733 |
Antrodin A
(2-氯苯基)二苯基甲醇,camphorataanhydride A |
Others | Others |
Antrodin A (camphorataanhydride A) 是固体发酵樟脑菌菌丝体的一种主要活性成分。它能够增强肝脏的抗炎及抗氧化能力,维持肠道菌群的稳定,避免酒精对肝脏的损伤。 | |||
T8266 |
(R)-Citronellol
D-Citronellol,(R)-(+)-β-Citronellol,(R)-3,7-二甲基-6-辛烯醇 |
Others; Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism; Others |
(R)-Citronellol ((R)-(+)-β-Citronellol) 是一种存在于天竺葵精油中的醇单萜。它抑制肥大细胞的脱颗粒,并且不影响咖啡因的苦味感。它能够用于装饰性化妆品,盥洗用品以及非化妆品中。 | |||
T31964 |
Glycolithocholic acid
Lithocholic acid glycine conjugate,甘氨石胆酸,Lithocholylglycine |
Others | Others |
Glycolithocholic acid (Lithocholic acid glycine conjugate) 属于内源性代谢产物,是甘氨酸结合的次级胆汁酸。它可用于诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝炎,溃疡性结肠炎和原发性硬化性胆管炎。 | |||
T5599 |
Hexyl hexanoate
|
Others | Others |
Hexyl hexanoate 存在于酒精饮料中。它用于水果调味剂。己酸己酯存在于许多水果、帕尔马干酪、酒精饮料和红茶中。它是果实成熟过程中的挥发性成分。 | |||
T5890 |
2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid
|
Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism |
2,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 是一种细胞培养中 tart cheeries 的降解产物。它是食品风味成分和风味改良剂。 | |||
T19315 |
Ethyl nonanoate
Ethyl pelargonate |
Others; Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism; Others |
Ethyl nonanoate (Ethyl pelargonate) 是烈性酒中的一种丰富酯类,它的存在通常与酒精饮料的香气有关。 | |||
T3S0289 |
Araloside X
|
Calcium Channel | Membrane transporter/Ion channel; Metabolism |
Aralosides possess protective effect against experimental myocardial ischemia and infarction, the mechanism of myocardial protection may be attributed to the amelioration of FFA metabolic deterioration and membrane peroxidation induced by oxygen free radi | |||
T4876 |
2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethan-1-ol
Tryptophol,3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)indole,Indole-3-ethanol,色醇 |
Others; Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism; Others |
2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethan-1-ol (3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)indole) 是在双硫仑治疗后在肝脏中形成的代谢物,可诱导人类睡眠。它也是酒精发酵的二次产物。 | |||
T37526 |
2-Oleoylglycerol
2-Oleoyl Glycerol,2-OG,2-Monoolein |
GPR | Endocrinology/Hormones; GPCR/G Protein |
2-Oleoylglycerol 是一种存在于棕榈仁、葵花籽和米糠中的脂质。2-Oleoylglycerol 可当作一种 GPR119 激动剂,具有神经保护作用,可诱导胰高血糖素样肽 1 (GLP-1) 分泌。2-Oleoylglycerol 可用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎造模。 | |||
T35455 |
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
Diethylnitrosamine,NDEA |
DNA/RNA Synthesis | Cell Cycle/Checkpoint; DNA Damage/DNA Repair |
N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) 是致癌物质二烷基硝胺。它主要存在于水、烟草烟雾、腌制食品、油炸食品以及许多酒精饮料中。它与 DNA 修复/复制相关的核酶的变化相关。 | |||
T1437 |
D-Panthenol
D-泛醇,D-Pantothenyl alcohol,Ilopan,Dexpanthenol,Pantothenol |
Endogenous Metabolite | Metabolism |
D-Panthenol (D-Pantothenyl alcohol) 是 D-pantothenic acid 和胆碱能剂的酒精类似物。D-Panthenol 作为乙酰化反应所必需的辅酶A的前体,参与乙酰胆碱的合成。虽然 D-Panthenol 作用的确切机制尚不清楚,但它可能增强乙酰胆碱的作用。D-Panthenol 作用于胃肠道,增加下肠蠕动。它也适用于局部皮肤,以缓解瘙痒和促进愈合。 | |||
T8098 |
γ-Hexalactone
γ-caprolactone,gamma-己内酯,γ-己内酯 |
Others | Others |
γ-Hexalactone (γ-caprolactone) 是一种存在成熟水果中的 gamma 内酯。它会导致 DNA 损伤,可用作对氧磷酶 1 的底物 (PON1)。 | |||
T20309 |
Anise alcohol
AI301170,AI3-01170,AI3 01170 |
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Anise drinks is a family of alcoholic drinks with unique characteristics. Crystallization and color-changing when mixed with other liquids. | |||
T83239 |
7-O-Primverosylpseudobaptigenin
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7-O-Primverosylpseudobaptigenin为Amur maackia根醇提取物中分离得到的天然产物。 | |||
T35624 | Ajoene | ||
Ajoene is a disulfide that has been found inA. sativumand has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiplatelet, and antioxidant properties.1,2,3,4It is active against Gram-positive (MICs = 5-160 µg/ml) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 136-200 µg/ml), as well as yeasts (MICs = 10-20 µg/ml).1Ajoene is cytotoxic to mouse melanoma cells (IC50= 18 µM), as well as human colon, lung, mammary, and pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 7-41 µM).2It reduces... |