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T61390
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D18
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D18 is an immune modulator that acts as a dual agonist for TLR7/8 (with EC50 values of 24 nM for hTLR7 and 10 nM for hTLR8, respectively). It enhances the expression of PD-L1 through epigenetic regulation, thereby increasing the sensitivity of tumors to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Additionally, D18 functions as a cytotoxin for ADC synthesis, specifically for the ADC HE-S2 [1]. |
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T37563
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C22 Ceramide (d18:1/22:0)
Cer(d18:1/22:0),C22 Ceramide,Ceramide (d18:1/22:0)
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C22 Ceramide (d18:1/22:0) (C22 Ceramide) 是一种从海绵Haliclona koremella 中分离出含有山嵛酸的长链神经酰胺，是一种内源性生物活性鞘脂。C22 Ceramide (d18:1/22:0) 可特异性抑制MCSR，降低离体大鼠肝线粒体和脂质体中 C16-神经酰胺通道的形成。 |
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T35803
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C14 Ceramide (d18:1/14:0)
Cer(d18:1/14:0),N-Myristoyl-D-sphingosine
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C14 Ceramide (d18:1/14:0) 是由神经酰胺合成酶 6 生成的一种内源性神经酰胺,可用于研究帕金森。 |
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T35805
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C16 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/16:0)
Sphingomyelin 16:0,N-Palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelin
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Endogenous Metabolite |
Metabolism |
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C16 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/16:0) (N-Palmitoyl-D-sphingomyelin) 是磷脂双层膜的磷脂类化合物，可用于研究生物膜的活性。 |
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T11891
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Lumefantrine-d18
Benflumetol D18,苯芴醇 D18,Lumefantrine D18
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Others |
Others |
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Lumefantrine D18 is an antimalarial drug, and is the deuterium labeled Lumefantrine. |
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T38354
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Lactosylsphingosine (d18:1)
Lactosylsphingosine (d18:1)
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Lactosylsphingosine is a bioactive sphingolipid and a form of lactosylceramide that is lacking the fatty acyl group. Lyso-lactosylceramide (1-50 μM) reduces viability of human neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner. Unlike lactosylceramide,lactosylsphingosine has no effect on protein synthesis and cell proliferation in cardiomyocytes. Lactosylsphingosine is a precursor in the synthesis of lyso-ganglioside GM3. |
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T37010
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D-threo Sphinganine (d18:0)
D-threo Sphinganine (d18:0)
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D-threo Sphinganine (d18:0) is a synthetic bioactive sphingolipid and stereoisomer of sphinganine (d18:0) and L-erythro sphinganine (d18:0) . It induces autophagy in HCT116 cells when used at a concentration of 12 μM. D-threo Sphinganine (d18:0) is metabolized via sphinganine N-acyltransferase and sphinganine kinase in vivo in rat liver. |
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T37564
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C4 Ceramide (d18:1/4:0)
C4 Ceramide (d18:1/4:0),Cer(d18:1/4:0)
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C4 Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. [1] [2] [3] It inhibits IL-4 production by 16% in EL4 T cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate when used at a concentration of 10 μM. [1] C4 Ceramide is cytotoxic to SK-BR-3 and MCF-7/Adr breast cancer cells (IC50s = 15.9 and 19.9 μM, respectively). [2] C4 Ceramide also increases maturation and stability of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) proteins bearing... |
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T36987
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N,N-dimethyl Sphinganine (d18:0)
N,N-dimethyl Sphinganine (d18:0)
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N,N-dimethyl Sphinganine (d18:0) is a sphingolipid that increases during development ofL. donovanipromastigotes.1
1.Silva, A.M., Cordeiro-da-Silva, A., and Coombs, G.H.Metabolic variation during development in culture of Leishmania donovani promastigotesPLoS Negl. Trop. Dis.5(12)e1451(2011) |
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T35873
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C19 Ceramide (d18:1/19:0)
C19 Ceramide (d18:1/19:0)
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C19 Ceramide is a naturally occurring ceramide that has been found in J. juncea extracts as well as rat brain and mouse heart.[1],[2],[3] It is elevated in adult and decreased in juvenile whole rat brain extracts by 114 and 37%, respectively, following chronic ethanol exposure.[2] C19 Ceramide is also increased in mouse hearts following administration of angiotensin II.[3] |
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T38286
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C26 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/26:0)
C26 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/26:0)
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C26 Sphingomyelin is a sphingolipid that has been found in serum and cell or brain extracts.1,2,3C26 sphingomyelin levels are increased in the serum of patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, an inflammatory condition characterized by excessive immune activation.3C26 sphingomyelin has been used a component of monolayers to study the influence of sphingomyelin acyl chain length on sphingomyelin-sterol interactions.4[Matreya, LLC.]
1.Wang, J.-R., Zhang, H., Yau, L.D., et al.Improved sphi... |
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T36323
|
C8 Galactosylceramide (d18:1/8:0)
C8 Galactosylceramide (d18:1/8:0)
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C8 Galactosylceramide is a synthetic C8 short-chain derivative of known membrane microdomain-forming sphingolipids. It increases the amount delivered and toxicity of doxorubicin in cancerous but not non-cancerous cells when incorporated into the nanoliposomal membrane of nanoliposomal-doxorubicin. C8 Galactosylceramide induces proliferation and cytokine production by splenocytes in vitro at concentrations ranging from 100-1,000 ng/ml but has no effect on natural killer T cell production in vivo.... |
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T38452
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L-threo Lysosphingomyelin (d18:1)
L-threo-Sphingosylphosphorylcholine,L-threo Lysosphingomyelin (d18:1)
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L-threo Lysosphingomyelin (d18:1) (L-threo-Sphingosylphosphorylcholine) is a naturally occurring bioactive sphingolipid. It acts as a potent agonist for S1P receptors, with EC50 values of 19.3, 131.8, and 313.3 nM for hS1P1, hS1P3, and hS1P2, respectively. |
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T38182
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C17 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/17:0)
C17 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/17:0)
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C17 Sphingomyelin is a synthetic derivative of sphingomyelin that has been used as an internal standard for the quantification of sphingomyelin. |
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T35807
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C18 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/18:0)
C18 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/18:0),Cer(d18:0/18:0)
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C18 dihydro Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and precursor in the de novo synthesis of C18 ceramide that lacks the 4,5-trans double bond. [1] Increased C18 dihydroceramide lipid levels lead to increased triacylglycerol storage and autophagosome accumulation as well as upregulation of the fibrosis markers α-SMA and FGF2 in Chang and LX-2 liver cells. C18 dihydro Ceramide is elevated in the plasma of pre-diabetics up to 9 years prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes. [2] It is also elevated in... |
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T36860
|
C22 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/22:0)
C22 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/22:0)
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C22 Sphingomyelin is a naturally occurring form of sphingomyelin . Plasma levels of C22 sphingomyelin positively correlate with hepatic steatosis severity in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). C22 Sphingomyelin levels are decreased in T-47D mammary epithelial cells and increased in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells relative to C16 sphingomyelin . |
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T37438
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C17 Globotriaosylceramide (d18:1/17:0)
C17 Globotriaosylceramide (d18:1/17:0)
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C17 Globotriaosylceramide is a sphingolipid that has been used as an internal standard for the quantification of globotriaosylceramides in plasma and urine from patients with Fabry disease by GC-MS. |
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T36859
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C16 Globotriaosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)
C16 Globotriaosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)
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C16 globotriaosylceramide is an endogenous sphingolipid found in mammalian cell membranes that is synthesized from C16 lactosylceramide . C16 globotriaosylceramide acts as a receptor for Shiga toxin in B cell-derived Raji cells and THP-1 monocytes. It accumulates in endothelial cells, pericytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, renal epithelial cells, dorsal ganglia neuronal cells, and myocardial cells in patients with Fabry disease. C16 globotriaosylceramide is also upregulated in plasma of patien... |
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T37872
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C16 Galactosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)
C16 Galactosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)
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C16 Galactosylceramide is a glycosphingolipid that contains a galactose moiety attached to a ceramide acylated with palmitic acid . |
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T35810
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C24 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/24:0)
Cer(d18:0/24:0)
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C24 dihydro Ceramide is a sphingolipid that has been found in the stratum corneum of human skin.[1] It is found in higher concentrations in female sebum compared to male sebum.[2] C24 dihydro Ceramide levels positively correlate with cytotoxicity in CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4, COG-LL-317h, and COG-LL-332h T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines.[4] Levels of C24 dihydro ceramide are increased by 149.49-fold in dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (DEGS1) knockdown UM-SCC-22A human head and neck squam... |
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T37565
|
C6 D-threo Ceramide (d18:1/6:0)
C6 D-threo Ceramide (d18:1/6:0)
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C6 D-threo Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides., C6 D-threo Ceramide is cytotoxic to U937 cells in vitro (IC50 = 18 μM). It is metabolically inactive and, unlike C6 L-erythro ceramide , C6 D-threo ceramide cannot be converted to C6 glucosylceramide by ceramide glucosyltransferase. C6 D-threo Ceramide promotes survival of isolated rat spinal neurons when used at concentrations up to 2.5 μM but induces cell death at concentrations greater... |
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T36320
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C6 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/6:0)
C6 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/6:0)
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C6 L-threo Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides., C6 L-threo Ceramide is cytotoxic to U937 cells in vitro (IC50 = 18 μM). It is metabolically inactive and, unlike C6 L-erythro ceramide , C6 L-threo ceramide cannot be converted to C6 glucosylceramide by ceramide glucosyltransferase. C6 L-threo Ceramide enhances IL-4 production induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in EL4 T cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM. |
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T35927
|
C2 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/2:0)
C2 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/2:0)
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C2 L-threo Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. It stimulates cholesterol efflux in CHO cells expressing the human ABCA1 receptor when used at a concentration of 10 μM, however, this efflux is 50% less than that stimulated by C2 ceramide . C2 L-threo Ceramide inhibits IL-4 production by 17% in EL4 T cells stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It also induces cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1... |
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T37456
|
C18 L-erythro Ceramide (d18:1/18:0)
C18 L-erythro Ceramide (d18:1/18:0)
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C18 L-erythro Ceramide is a naturally occurring ceramide and stereoisomer of C18 ceramide . It inhibits rat brain mitochondrial ceramidase (mt-CDase) with an IC50 value of 0.11 mol% (8.8 μM). |
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T36140
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BODIPY-C12 Ceramide (d18:1/12:0)
BODIPY-C12 Ceramide (d18:1/12:0)
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BODIPY-C12 Ceramide（B12Cer）是C12鞘氨醇的荧光标记形式，其激发/发射最大值分别为505/540 nm。BODIPY-C12 Ceramide 是一种带有荧光标记的神经酰胺。BODIPY-C12 Ceramide已被用于量化尼曼-匹克病患者血浆中酸性鞘磷脂酶的活性。 |
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T37187
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D-erythro/L-threo Lysosphingomyelin (d18:1)
D-erythro/L-threo Lysosphingomyelin (d18:1)
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Lysosphingomyelin is an endogenous bioactive sphingolipid and a constituent of lipoproteins.1,2It is produced by the removal of the acyl group from sphingomyelin by a deacylase and acts as a precursor in the biosynthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate . D-erythroLysosphingomyelin is an agonist of the S1P receptors S1P1, S1P2, and S1P3(EC50s = 167.7, 368.1, and 482.6 nM, respectively, for the human receptors).3It is also an agonist of the orphan receptor ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (O... |
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T37436
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C12-Ceramide
N-Laurylsphingosine,C12 Ceramide (d18:1/12:0),N-Lauroyl-D-erythro-sphingosine
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C12-Ceramide (C12 Ceramide (d18:1/12:0)) 是一种存在于先兆子痫妇女所生婴儿围绕脐带血管的保护膜的神经酰胺，是 C12 鞘磷脂被酸性鞘磷脂酶（ASM）水解后形成的，可用于评估 A 型或 B 型尼曼-皮克病患者血浆中的 ASM 活性水平。 |
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T35808
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C18:1 Ceramide (d18:1/18:1(9Z))
Cer(d18:1/18:1(9Z))
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C18:1 Ceramide is a naturally occurring ceramide.[1][2][3] Levels of C18:1 ceramide are elevated in overweight and insulin-resistant mice and cattle.[1][2] C18:1 Ceramide is also increased in the plasma and ovarian tissue of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. [3] |
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T37454
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C16 dihydro Ceramide (d18:0/16:0)
Ceramide (d18:0/16:0),Cer(d18:0/16:0),N-hexadecanoyl-D-erythro-Dihydrosphingosine,N-Palmitoyl Sphinganine
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C16 dihydro Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and precursor in the de novo synthesis of C16 ceramide (d18:0/16:0) that lacks the 4,5-trans double bond.[1] C16 dihydro Ceramide (0-46 nM) inhibits C16 ceramide-induced membrane permeabilization, measured as cytochrome C oxidation, in rat liver mitochondria in a concentration-dependent manner. It also inhibits C16 ceramide-induced channel formation in liposomes. C16 dihydro ceramide is biologically inactive as a single agent, lacking the ability ... |
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T38000
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Lysosphingomyelin (d18:1)
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Sphingomyelins are complex membrane lipids composed of phosphorylcholine, sphingosine, and an acylated group, such as a fatty acid. Lysosphingomyelin is a naturally-occurring lipid which is produced by the removal of the acylated group of sphingomyelin by a deacylase. Lysosphingomyelin may, in turn, serve as a substrate for autotaxin, which removes choline to produce sphingosine-1-phosphate. The receptors and signaling pathways that are activated by lyso-sphingosine are diverse and vary between ... |
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T38183
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C18 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1/18:0)
C18 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1/18:0)
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C18 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide is a member of the sulfatide class of glycolipids. Levels of short-chain sulfatides, including C18 3'-sulfo galactosylceramide, decrease with age in mice and humans. It is increased in brain from mice with an arylsulfatase A deficiency (ASA-KO), particularly in lipid raft fractions. Plasma levels of C18 3'-sulfo galactosylceramide positively correlate with disability progression in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis using the Expanded Disability ... |
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T38185
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C2 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1/2:0)
C2 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1/2:0)
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C2 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide is a member of the sulfatide class of glycolipids. It has been used as an internal standard in the quantification of lysosulfatides in mouse brain tissue and plasma. |
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T36319
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C6 L-erythro Ceramide (d18:1/6:0)
C6 L-erythro Ceramide (d18:1/6:0)
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C6 L-erythro Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. It is metabolized by ceramide glucosyltransferase to form C6 L-erythro glucosylceramide. C6 L-erythro Ceramide is cytotoxic to U937 cells (IC50 = 18 μM). |
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T37455
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C18 D-threo Ceramide (d18:1/18:0)
C18 D-threo Ceramide (d18:1/18:0)
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C18 D-threoCeramide (d18:1/18:0) is a synthetic ceramide and stereoisomer of C18 ceramide .1It inhibits rat brain mitochondrial ceramidase (mt-CDase) with an IC50value of 16.6 μM.2[Matreya, LLC. Catalog No. 1855]
1.Koolath, S., Murai, Y., Suga, Y., et al.Chiral combinatorial preparation and biological evaluation of unique ceramides for inhibition of sphingomyelin synthaseChirality32(3)308-313(2019) 2.Usta, J., El Bawab, S., Roddy, P., et al.Structural requirements of ceramide and sphingosine bas... |
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T36324
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C8 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/8:0)
C8 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/8:0)
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C8 L-threo Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. It is cytotoxic to U937 cells (IC50 = 10 μM) and, like C8 D-threo ceramide , induces nuclear DNA fragmentation 5- to 6-fold more potently than C8 L-erythro ceramide . C8 D-threo Ceramide also enhances V. cholerae cytolysin pore formation in liposome lipid membranes, as measured by calcein release, with a 50% release dose (RD50) value of ~30 μg/ml. |
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T37457
|
C18 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/18:0)
C18 L-threo Ceramide (d18:1/18:0)
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C18 L-threo Ceramide is a synthetic ceramide and stereoisomer of C18 ceramide that has been used for structural characterization of natural sphingolipids. It inhibits rat brain mitochondrial ceramidase (mt-CDase) with an IC50 value of 0.21 mol% (16.8 μM). |
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T37562
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C16 Ceramide
N-acylsphingosine,C16 Ceramide (d18:1/16:0),Palmitoyl Ceramide,N-Palmitoylsphingosine
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p53 |
Apoptosis |
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C16 Ceramide (Palmitoyl Ceramide) 是一种天然小分子，通过直接选择性结合激活 p53。 |
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T36322
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C8 D-threo Ceramide (d18:1/8:0)
C8 D-threo Ceramide (d18:1/8:0)
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C8 D-threo Ceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid and cell-permeable analog of naturally occurring ceramides. It is cytotoxic to U937 cells (IC50 = 17 μM) and induces nuclear DNA fragmentation 5- to 6-fold more potently than C8 ceramide . C8 D-threo Ceramide is a substrate for E. coli diacylglycerol kinase. It activates ceramide-activated protein kinase (CAPK) in U937 cells. C8 D-threo Ceramide also enhances V. cholerae cytolysin pore formation in liposome lipid membranes, as measured by calcein r... |
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T38213
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1-β-D-Glucosylsphingadienine (d18:2 (4E,8E))
1-β-D-Glucosylsphingadienine (d18:2 (4E,8E))
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1-β-D-Glucosylsphingadienine is a glucosylsphingosine, which are deacetylated lysolipid derivatives of glucosylcerebrosides . They are formed when sphingosines undergo glucosidation by UDP-glucose. Glucosylsphingosines completely reduce neurite outgrowth and induce death of LA-N-2 cells at concentrations of 10 and 50 μM, respectively. They also decrease the activity of glucocerebrosidase in LA-N-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Glucosylsphingosine levels are elevated in patients with Gaucher'... |
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T37928
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13C6 Glucosylsphingosine (d18:1)
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13C6 Glucosylsphingosine (d18:1) is an isotopically enriched form of 1-β-D-glucosylsphingosine (d18:1) that is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1-β-D-glucosylsphingosine by GC- or LC-MS. 1-β-D-Glucosylsphingosine is a lysolipid derivative of glucosylcerebroside that decreases activity of glucocerebrosidase in LA-N-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. |
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T38281
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C22 Galactosylceramide (d18:1/22:0)
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C22 Galactosylceramide is a sphingolipid that has been found in the central nervous system.1,2C22 Galactosylceramide levels are increased in the spinal cord, but not the brain or liver, of mice fed a methionine-restricted diet.1C22 Galactosylceramide has been found in postmortem hippocampus from patients with Alzheimer's disease.2[Matreya, LLC.] |
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T38184
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C18:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1/18:1(9Z))
C18:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1/18:1(9Z))
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C18:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide is a member of the sulfatide class of glycolipids. It has been found in mouse brain. It has been used as a standard for the quantification of C18:1 3'-sulfo galactosylceramide in dried blood spots from patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) by UPLC-MS. |
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T83880
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C18 Ceramide-1-phosphate (d18:1/18:0) ammonium
Ceramide-1-phosphate (d18:1/18:0),N-octadecanoyl-D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate,C18 Ceramide-1-phosphate,C18 C1P,CerP(d18:1/18:0),N-stearoyl-D-erythro-Sphingosine-1-phosphate
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C18 Ceramide-1-phosphate (d18:1/18:0) 是一种在鼠皮肤中发现的长链ceramide-1-phosphate。它能在0.5至5 µM的浓度范围内促进分离的小鼠骨髓来源的多能间充质细胞和人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）的迁移。与胰腺癌干细胞相比，CFPAC-1胰管腺癌细胞中C18 Ceramide-1-phosphate (d18:1/18:0)的水平有所增加。在Langendorff分离的灌流小鼠心脏的离体缺血模型中，心肌中C18 ceramide-1-phosphate (d18:1/18:0)的水平有所增加。 |
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T35804
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C16 Lactosylceramide (d18:1/16:0)
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C16 Lactosylceramide is an endogenous bioactive sphingolipid. It forms membrane microdomains with Lyn kinase and the αi subunits of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), suggesting a role in cell signaling. Plasma levels of C16 lactosylceramide are elevated in insulin-resistant cattle. C16 Lactosylceramide is also upregulated in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease, a neurodegenerative cholesterol-sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorder. |
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T38181
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C17 Lactosylceramide (d18:1/17:0)
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C17 Lactosylceramide is a naturally occurring sphingolipid that has been found in human brain metastases of lung adenocarcinomas but not in healthy brain tissue. |
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T38282
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C22 Glucosylceramide (d18:1/22:0)
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C22 Glucosylceramide (d18:1/22:0) is an endogenous glucosylceramide. Glucosylceramides are major constituents of skin lipid membranes where they play a role in maintaining the water permeability barrier. They are precursors in the synthesis of lactosylceramide , as well as oligoglycolipids and gangliosides. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) type XIIA knockdown increases C22 glucosylceramide (d18:1/22:0) expression in rat brain. It is also increased in the brain, but not the liver or spinal cord, of mice f... |
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T36858
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C12 Galactosylceramide (d18:1/12:0)
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C12 Galactosylceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid. It inhibits IL-4 production by 53.84% in EL4 T cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM. C12 Galactosylceramide reduces the growth of human papillomavirus type 16-associated tumors in mice and reduces tumor recurrence following surgical removal or chemotherapy. It also reduces natural killer T cell activity, delays the onset of proteinuria, and improves survival in a mouse model of systemic lupus. |
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T37437
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C17 Ceramide (d18:1/17:0)
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C17 Ceramide is a synthetic ceramide that contains a non-natural C17:0 fatty acid acylated to sphingosine. It has been used as a marker of arylsulfatase A and sphingolipid activator B activity in patients undergoing enzyme replacement therapy for the genetic disease metachromatic leukodystrophy. |
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T37439
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C18 Globotriaosylceramide (d18:1/18:0)
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C18 globotriaosylceramide is an endogenous sphingolipid found in mammalian cell membranes that is synthesized from lactosylceramide . It inhibits aggregation of human neutrophils induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 10008014) when used at a concentration of 1 μM. C18 globotriaosylceramide acts as a receptor for Shiga toxin in B cell-derived Raji cells and THP-1 monocytes. It accumulates in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, and spleen in a mouse model of Fabry disease, a lysosoma... |
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T35809
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C20 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/20:0)
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C20 Sphingomyelin is a naturally occurring sphingolipid. Levels of C20 sphingomyelin are upregulated in the hippocampus of rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin and in human plasma where it is positively correlated with insulin resistance in obese humans. C20 sphingomyelin is also upregulated in the liver of a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C1 disease, a neurodegenerative cholesterol-sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorder. The plasma concentration of C20 sphingomyelin is decreased in m... |
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